The Detection of Feigned Psychiatric Disorders Using the MMPI-2-RF Overreporting Validity Scales: An Analog Investigation

Psychological Injury and Law

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 1-12

  Marion, Brandee E ^a   Sellbom, Martin ^a   Bagby, R Michael ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Depression; Malingering; MMPI 2 RF; Overreporting; PTSD; Schizophrenia; Validity scales

Indexed keywords

EID: 79953846046     PISSN: 1938971X     EISSN: 19389728     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12207-011-9097-0     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (text revision) (4th ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric Association.
2. Arbisi, P. A., & Ben-Porath, Y. S. (1995). An MMPI-2 infrequent response scale for use with psychopathological populations: the F(p) scale. Psychological Assessment, 7, 424-431.
3. Bacchiochi, J. R., & Bagby, R. M. (2006). Development and validation of the Malingering Discriminant Function Index for the MMPI-2. Journal of Personality Assessment, 87, 51-61.
4. Bagby, R. M., Rogers, R., Buis, T., & Kalemba, V. (1994). Malingered and defensive response styles on the MMPI-2: an examination of validity scales. Assessment, 1, 31-38.
5. Bagby, R. M., Rogers, R., Buis, T., Nicholson, R. A., Rector, N. A., Schuller, D. R., et al. (1997a). Detecting feigned depression and schizophrenia on the MMPI-2. Journal of Personality Assessment, 68, 650-664.
6. Bagby, R. M., Rogers, R., Nicholson, R., Buis, T., Seeman, M. V., & Rector, N. (1997b). Does clinical training facilitate feigning schizophrenia on the MMPI-2? Psychological Assessment, 9, 106-112.
7. Bagby, R. M., Nicholson, R. A., Buis, T., & Bacchiochi, J. R. (2000). Can the MMPI-2 validity scales detect depression feigned by experts? Assessment, 7, 55-62.
8. Bagby, R. M., Marshall, M. B., & Bacchiochi, J. R. (2005). The validity and clinical utility of the MMPI-2 Malingering Depression scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 85, 304-311.
9. Bagby, R., Marshall, M., Bury, A., Bacchiochi, J., & Miller, L. (2006). Assessing underreporting and overreporting response styles on the MMPI-2. In J. N. Butcher (Ed.), MMPI-2: a practitioner's guide (pp. 39-69). Washington: American Psychological Association.
10. Ben-Porath, Y. S., & Tellegen, A. (2008). Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form; manual for administration, scoring, and interpretation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
11. Bury, A. S., & Bagby, R. M. (2002). The detection of feigned uncoached and coached posttraumatic stress disorder with the MMPI-2 in a sample of workplace accident victims. Psychological Assessment, 14, 472-484.
12. Butcher, J. N., Graham, J. R., Ben-Porath, Y. S., Tellegen, A., Dahlstrom, W. G., & Kaemmer, B. (2001). Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2: manual for administration and scoring (2nd ed.). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
13. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
14. Efendov, A. A., Sellbom, M., & Bagby, R. M. (2008). The utility and comparative incremental validity of the MMPI-2 and trauma symptom inventory validity scales in the detection of feigned PTSD. Psychological Assessment, 20, 317-326.
15. Elhai, J. D., Gold, S. N., Sellers, A. H., & Dorfman, W. I. (2001). The detection of malingered posttraumatic stress disorder with MMPI-2 fake bad indices. Assessment, 8, 221-236.
16. First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. B. W. (1997). Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders, version 2. 0. New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute.
17. Friel, A., White, T., & Hull, A. (2008). Posttraumatic stress disorder and criminal responsibility. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 19, 64-85.
18. Gervais, R. O., Ben-Porath, Y. S., Wygant, D. B., & Sellbom, M. (2010). Incremental validity of the MMPI-2-RF overreporting scales and RBS in assessing the veracity of memory complaints. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 25, 274-284.
19. Hathaway, S. R., & McKinley, J. C. (1940). A multiphasic personality schedule (Minnesota): I. Construction of the schedule. Journal of Psychology, 10, 249-254.
20. Hunsley, J., & Meyer, G. J. (2003). The incremental validity of psychological testing and assessment: conceptual, methodological, and statistical issues. Psychological Assessment, 15, 446-455.
21. Iverson, G. L., Franzen, M. D., & Hammond, J. A. (1995). Examination of inmates' ability to malinger on the MMPI-2. Psychological Assessment, 7, 118-121.
22. Lees-Haley, P. R. (1997). Attorneys influence expert evidence in forensic psychological and neuropsychological cases. Assessment, 4, 321-324.
23. Millon, T. (1983). Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory manual (3rd ed.). Minneapolis: National Computer Systems.
24. Mittenberg, W., Patton, C., Canyock, E. M., & Condit, D. C. (2002). Base rates of malingering and symptom exaggeration. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 24, 1094-1102.
25. Morey, L. C. (1991). Professional manual for the Personality Assessment Inventory. Odessa: Psychological Assessment Resources.
26. Nelson, N. W., Sweet, J. J., & Demakis, G. J. (2006). Meta-analysis of the MMPI-2 Fake Bad Scale: utility in forensic practice. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 20, 39-58.
27. Rogers, R. (2008) (Ed.). Clinical assessment of malingering and deception (3rd Edn.) New York: The Guilford Press.
28. Rogers, R., Bagby, R. M., & Dickens, S. E. (1992). Structured interview of reported symptoms: professional manual. Odessa: Psychological Assessment Resources.
29. Rogers, R., Sewell, K. W., & Goldstein, A. M. (1994). Explanatory models of malingering: a prototypical analysis. Law and Human Behavior, 18, 543-552.
30. Rogers, R., Salekin, R. T., Sewell, K. W., Goldstein, A., & Leonard, K. (1998). A comparison of forensic and nonforensic malingerers: a prototypical analysis of explanatory models. Law and Human Behavior, 22, 353-367.
31. Rogers, R., Sewell, K. W., Martin, M. A., & Vitacco, M. J. (2003). Detection of feigned mental disorders: a meta-analysis of the MMPI-2 and malingering. Assessment, 10, 160-177.
32. Sellbom, M., & Bagby, R. M. (2008). Response styles on multiscale inventories. In R. Rogers (Ed.), Clinical assessment of malingering and deception (3rd ed., pp. 182-206). New York: The Guilford Press.
33. Sellbom, M., Toomey, J. A., Wygant, D. B., Kucharski, L. T., & Duncan, S. (2010). Utility of the MMPI-2-RF (Restructured Form) Validity Scales in detecting malingering in a criminal forensic setting: a known groups design. Psychological Assessment, 22, 22-31.
34. Steffan, J. S., Clopton, J. R., & Morgan, R. D. (2003). An MMPI-2 scale to detect malingered depression (Md Scale). Assessment, 10, 382-392.
35. Steffan, J. S., Morgan, R. D., Lee, J., & Sellbom, M. (2010). A comparative analysis of MMPI-2 malingering detection models among inmates. Assessment, 17, 185-196.
36. Tellegen, A., & Ben-Porath, Y. S. (2008). The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 restructured form: technical manual. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
37. Wetter, M. W., Baer, R. A., Berry, D. T. R., & Reynolds, S. K. (1994). The effect of symptom information on faking on the MMPI-2. Assessment, 1, 199-207.
38. Wygant, D. B., Sellbom, M., Ben-Porath, Y. S., Stafford, K. P., Freeman, D. B., & Heilbronner, R. L. (2007). The relation between symptom validity testing and MMPI-2 scores as a function of forensic evaluation context. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22, 489-499.
39. Wygant, D. B., Ben-Porath, Y. S., Arbisi, P. A., Berry, D. T. R., Freeman, D. B., & Heilbronner, R. L. (2009). Examination of the MMPI-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) validity scales in civil forensic settings: Findings from simulation and known group samples. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 7, 671-680.
40. Wygant, D. B., Sellbom, M., Gervais, R. O., Ben-Porath, Y. S., Stafford, K. P., Freeman, D. B., et al. (2011). Further validation of the MMPI-2 and MMPI-2-RF Response Bias Scale: findings from disability and criminal forensic settings. Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 22(4), 745-756.