The smaller bowel: Imaging the small bowel in paediatric Crohn's disease

Postgraduate Medical Journal

Volumn 87, Issue 1026, 2011, Pages 288-297

  Stuart, Sam ^a   Conner, Thomas ^a   Ahmed, Asia ^a   Steward, Michael ^a   Maclachlan, Jody ^a   Wylie, Peter ^a   Beal, Isobel ^a  

^a ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BARIUM; FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE F 18; TECHNETIUM 99M;

ARTICLE; CANCER RISK; CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY; CHILD; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CROHN DISEASE; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; ECHOGRAPHY; HUMAN; NEOPLASM; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; RADIATION EXPOSURE; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SMALL BOWEL BARIUM FOLLOW THROUGH;

ADOLESCENT; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CROHN DISEASE; HUMANS; INFANT; INTESTINE, SMALL; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED;

EID: 79953766580     PISSN: 00325473     EISSN: 14690756     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2010.106641     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Auvin S, Molinié F, Gower-Rousseau C, et al. Incidence, clinical presentation and location at diagnosis of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective population-based study in northern France (1988-1999). J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2005;41:49-55.
2. Benchimol EI, Guttmann A, Griffiths AM, et al. Increasing incidence of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease in Ontario, Canada: evidence from health administrative data. Gut 2009;58:1490-7.
3. Cosgrove M, Al-Atia RF, Jenkins HR. The epidemiology of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Arch Dis Child 1996;74:460-1.
4. Assche GV, Dignass A, Panes J, et al. for the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (ECCO). The second European evidence-based Consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease: definitions and diagnosis. Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 2010;4:7-27.
5. Assche GV, Dignass A, Reinisch W, et al; for the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (ECCO). The second European evidence-based Consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease: special situations. J Crohn's Colitis 2010;4:63-101.
6. Lipson A, Bartram CI, Williams CB, et al. Barium studies and ileoscopy compared in children with suspected Crohn's disease. Clin Radiol 1990;41:5-8.
7. Halligan S, Nicholls S, Beattie RM, et al. The role of small bowel radiology in the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease. Acta Paediatr 1995;84:1375-8.
8. Desmond AN, O'Regan K, Curran C, et al. Crohn's disease: factors associated with exposure to high levels of diagnostic radiation. Gut 2008;57:1524-9.
9. Gaca AM, Jaffe TA, Delaney S, et al. Radiation doses from small-bowel followthrough and abdomen/pelvis MDCT in pediatric Crohn disease. Pediatr Radiol 2008;38:285-91.
10. Toma P, Granata C, Magnano G, et al. CT and MRI of pediatric Crohn disease. Pediatr Radiol 2007;37:1083-92.
11. Ott DJ, Chen YM, Gelfand DW, et al. Detailed per-oral small bowel examination vs. enteroclysis. Part I: Expenditures and radiation exposure. Radiology 1985;155:29-34.
12. Escher JC, Amil Dias J, Bochenek K. Inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents: recommendations for diagnosisethe Porto criteria. Medical position paper: IBD Working Group of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN). J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2005;41:1-7.
13. Ali SI, Carty HM. Paediatric Crohn's disease: a radiological review. Eur Radiol 2000;10:1085-94.
14. Dagia C, Ditchfield M, Kean M, et al. Imaging for Crohn disease: use of 3-T MRI in a paediatric setting. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2008;52:480-8.
15. Wold PB, Fletcher JG, Johnson CD, et al. Assessment of small bowel Crohn disease: noninvasive peroral CT enterography compared with other imaging methods and endoscopyefeasibility study. Radiology 2003;229:275-81.
16. Bender GN, Timmons JH, Williard WC, et al. Computed tomographic enteroclysis: one methodology. Invest Radiol 1996;31:43-9.
17. Solem CA, Loftus EV Jr, Fletcher JG, et al. Small-bowel imaging in Crohn's disease: a prospective, blinded, 4-way comparison trial. Gastrointest Endosc 2008;68:255-66.
18. Hara AK, Leighton JA, Heigh RI, et al. Crohn disease of the small bowel: preliminary comparison among CT enterography, capsule endoscopy, small-bowel followthrough, and ileoscopy. Radiology 2006;238:128-34.
19. Thomson M, Fritscher-Ravens A, Mylonaki M, et al. Wireless capsule endoscopy in children: a study to assess diagnostic yield in small bowel disease in paediatric patients. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2007;44:192-7.
20. Schmidt S, Lepori D, Meuwly JY, et al. Prospective comparison of MR enteroclysis with multidetector spiral-CT enteroclysis: interobserver agreement and sensitivity by means of "sign-by-sign" correlation. Eur Radiol 2003;13:1303-11.
21. Horsthuis K, Bipat S, Bennink RJ, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease diagnosed with US, MR, scintigraphy, and CT: meta-analysis of prospective studies. Radiology 2008;247:64-79.
22. Gore RM, Balthazar EJ, Ghahremani GG, et al. CT features of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1996;167:3-15.
23. Meyers MA, McGuire PV. Spiral CT demonstration of hypervascularity in Crohn disease: "vascular jejunization of the ileum" or the "comb sign". Abdom Imaging 1995;20:327-32.
24. Bodily KD, Fletcher JG, Solem CA, et al. Crohn Disease: mural attenuation and thickness at contrast-enhanced CT Enterographyecorrelation with endoscopic and histologic findings of inflammation. Radiology 2006;238:505-16.
25. Choi D, Jin Lee S, Ah Cho Y, et al. Bowel wall thickening in patients with Crohn's disease: CT patterns and correlation with inflammatory activity. Clin Radiol 2003;58:68-74.
26. Colombel JF, Solem CA, Sandborn WJ, et al. Quantitative measurement and visual assessment of ileal Crohn's disease activity by computed tomography enterography: correlation with endoscopic severity and C reactive protein. Gut 2006;55:1561-7.
27. Shields RA, Lawson RS. Effective dose equivalent. Nucl Med Commun 1987;8:851-5.
28. Jaffe TA, Gaca AM, Delaney S, et al. Radiation doses from small-bowel followthrough and abdominopelvic MDCT in Crohn's disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007;189:1015-22.
29. National research council. Health Risks from Low Levels of Ionizing RadiationdBEIR VII. Washington DC: The national academies press, 2006.
30. Brenner DJ. Should computed tomography be the modality of choice for imaging Crohn's disease in children? The radiation risk perspective. Gut 2008;57:1489-90.
31. Schmidt T, Hohl C, Haage P, et al. Phase-inversion tissue harmonic imaging compared to fundamental B-mode ultrasound in the evaluation of the pathology of large and small bowel. Eur Radiol 2005;15:2021-30.
32. Tarján Z, Tóth G, Györke T, et al. Ultrasound in Crohn's disease of the small bowel. Eur J Radiol 2000;35:176-82.
33. Faure C, Belarbi N, Mougenot JF, et al. Ultrasonographic assessment of inflammatory bowel disease in children: comparison with ileocolonoscopy. J Pediatr 1997;130:147-51.
34. Haber HP, Busch A, Ziebach R, et al. Ultrasonographic findings correspond to clinical, endoscopic, and histologic findings in inflammatory bowel disease and other enterocolitides. J Ultrasound Med 2002;21:375-82.
35. Fraquelli M, Colli A, Casazza G, et al. Role of US in detection of Crohn disease: meta-analysis. Radiology 2005;236:95-101.
36. Sarrazin J, Wilson SR. Manifestations of Crohn disease at US. Radiographics 1996;16:499-520.
37. Bremner AR, Griffiths M, Argent JD, et al. Sonographic evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective, blinded, comparative study. Pediatr Radiol 2006;36:947-53.
38. Calabrese E, La Seta F, Buccellato A, et al. Crohn's disease: a comparative prospective study of transabdominal ultrasonography, small intestine contrast ultrasonography, and small bowel enema. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2005;11:139-45.
39. Spalinger J, Patriquin H, Miron MC, et al. Doppler US in patients with crohn disease: vessel density in the diseased bowel reflects disease activity. Radiology 2000;217:787-91.
40. Rapaccini GL, Pompili M, Orefice R, et al. Contrast-enhanced power doppler of the intestinal wall in the evaluation of patients with Crohn disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2004;39:188-94.
41. Ruess L, Blask AR, Bulas DI, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease in children and young adults: correlation of sonographic and clinical parameters during treatment. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000;175:79-84.
42. Haber HP, Busch A, Ziebach R, et al. Bowel wall thickness measured by ultrasound as a marker of Crohn's disease activity in children. Lancet 2000;355:1239-40.
43. Drews BH, Barth TF, Hänle MM, et al. Comparison of sonographically measured bowel wall vascularity, histology, and disease activity in Crohn's disease. Eur Radiol 2009;19:1379-86.
44. Parente F, Maconi G, Bollani S, et al. Bowel ultrasound in assessment of Crohn's disease and detection of related small bowel strictures: a prospective comparative study versus x ray and intraoperative findings. Gut 2002;50:490-5.
45. Lim JH, Ko YT, Lee DH, et al. Sonography of inflammatory bowel disease: findings and value in differential diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1994;163:343-7.
46. Scholbach T, Herrero I, Scholbach J. Dynamic color Doppler sonography of intestinal wall in patients with Crohn disease compared with healthy subjects. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2004;39:524-8.
47. Mann EH. Inflammatory bowel disease: imaging of the pediatric patient. Semin Roentgenol 2008;43:29-38.
48. Fidler JL, Guimaraes L, Einstein DM. MR imaging of the small bowel. Radiographics 2009;29:1811-25.
49. Koh DM, Miao Y, Chinn RJ, et al. MR imaging evaluation of the activity of Crohn's disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001;177:1325-32.
50. Bernstein CN, Greenberg H, Boult I, et al. A prospective comparison of MRI versus small bowel follow through in recurrent Crohn's disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2005;100:2493-502.
51. Essary B, Kim J, Anupindi S, et al. Pelvic MRI in children with Crohn disease and suspected perianal involvement. Pediatr Radiol 2007;37:201-8.
52. Siddiki HA, Fidler JL, Fletcher JG, et al. Prospective comparison of state-of-the-art MR enterography and CT enterography in small-bowel Crohn's disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2009;193:113-21.
53. Laghi A, Borrelli O, Paolantonio P, et al. Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the terminal ileum in children with Crohn's disease. Gut 2003;52:393-7.
54. Magnano GM, Granata C, Barabino A, et al. Polyethylene glycol and contrastenhanced MRI of Crohn's disease in children: preliminary experience. Pediatr Radiol 2003;33:385-91.
55. Pennazio M, Santucci R, Rondonotti E, et al. Outcome of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding after capsule endoscopy: report of 100 consecutive cases. Gastroenterology 2004;126:643-53.
56. Buchman AL, Miller FH, Wallin A, et al. Videocapsule endoscopy versus barium contrast studies for the diagnosis of Crohn's disease recurrence involving the small intestine. Am J Gastroenterol 2004;99:2171-7.
57. Mow WS, Lo SK, Targan SR, et al. Initial experience with wireless capsule enteroscopy in the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004;2:31-40.
58. Fireman Z, Mahajna E, Broide E, et al. Diagnosing small bowel Crohn's disease with wireless capsule endoscopy. Gut 2003;52:390-2.
59. Arguelles-Arias F, Caunedo A, Romero J, et al. The value of capsule endoscopy in paediatric patients with a suspicion of Crohn's disease. Endoscopy 2004;36:869-73.
60. Tillack C, Seiderer J, Brand S, et al. Correlation of magnetic resonance enteroclysis (MRE) and wireless capsule endoscopy (CE) in the diagnosis of small bowel lesions in Crohn's disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008;14:1219-28.
61. Voderholzer WA, Beinhoelzl J, Rogalla P, et al. Small bowel involvement in Crohn's disease: a prospective comparison of wireless capsule endoscopy and computed tomography enteroclysis. Gut 2005;54:369-73.
62. Kennan N, Hayward M. Tc HMPAO-labelled white cell scintigraphy in Cröhn's disease of the small bowel. Clin Radiol 1992;45:331-4.
63. Cucchiara S, Celentano L, de Magistris TM, et al. Colonoscopy and technetium-99m white cell scan in children with suspected inflammatory bowel disease. J Pediatr 1999;135:727-32.
64. Charron M, del Rosario FJ, Kocoshis SA. Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: assessment with scintigraphy with 99mTc white blood cells. Radiology 1999;212:507-13.
65. Parente F, Maconi G, Bollani S, et al. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron tomography in diagnosis of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Lancet 1999;354:836-7.
66. Halpenny DF, Burke JP, Lawlor GO, et al. Role of PET and combination PET/CT in the evaluation of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009;15:951-8.