Revisiting the symptom iceberg in today's primary care: Results from a UK population survey

BMC Family Practice

Volumn 12, Issue , 2011, Pages

  Elliott, Alison M ^a   McAteer, Anne ^b   Hannaford, Philip C ^c  

^a Centre of Academic Primary Care   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN   (United Kingdom)

^c NHS GRAMPIAN   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Community based; Health care services; Primary care; Signs and symptoms; Symptom iceberg

Indexed keywords

NON PRESCRIPTION DRUG;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; FEMALE; GENERAL PRACTITIONER; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HEALTH CARE SURVEY; HUMAN; MALE; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PATIENT; PATIENT CARE; PATIENT REFERRAL; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUESTIONNAIRE; SELF CARE; SOCIAL CLASS; STANDARD; STATISTICS; UNITED KINGDOM; UTILIZATION REVIEW;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; GENERAL PRACTITIONERS; GREAT BRITAIN; HEALTH CARE SURVEYS; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NONPRESCRIPTION DRUGS; PATIENT CARE MANAGEMENT; PATIENTS; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE; QUESTIONNAIRES; REFERRAL AND CONSULTATION; SELF CARE; SOCIAL CLASS; STATE MEDICINE;

EID: 79953697697     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14712296     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2296-12-16     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. A McCormick D Fleming J Charlton, Morbidity Statistics from General Practice. Fourth national study 1991-1992. Office of Population censuses and surveys. Series MB5 no. 3 London: HMSO 1995
2. Scottish Health Statistics. General practice - practice team information. Information & Statistics Division, Common Services Agency, NHS 2010 http://www.isdscotland.org/isd/3687.html accessed 08/07/10
3. Choice and Opportunity. Primary Care: the future. Department of Health 1996
4. The NHS plan: A plan for investment, a plan for reform. 2000
5. Helping people take care of their own health. Advancing self-care, Propriety Association of Great Britain self-care review: London 2003
6. th WHO Consultative Group on the Role of the Pharmacist. The role of the pharmacist in self-care and self-medication. WHO/DAP/98.13 1998
7. The Iceberg "Completing The Clinical Picture" In General Practice. JM Last, Lancet 1963 282 28 31 10.1016/S0140-6736(63)92546-7
8. The symptom iceberg: a study of community health. DR Hannay, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul 1979
9. Describing the size of the symptom iceberg in a UK-wide community-based survey. A McAteer AM Elliott PC Hannaford, Br J Gen Pract 2011 61 12 17 10.3399/bjgp11X548910 21401985
10. Self-care among older adults. MR Haug ML Wykle KH Namazi, Soc Sci Med 1989 29 171 183 10.1016/0277-9536(89)90165-2 2749300 (Pubitemid 19166081)
11. Self-care of common illnesses in Denmark. KJ Dean E Holst MG Wagner, Med Care 1983 21 1012 1032 10.1097/00005650-198310000-00007 6656323 (Pubitemid 14243853)
12. Daily symptoms and behavioural responses. W Rakowski M Julius T Hickey LM Verbrugge JB Halter, Med Care 1988 26 278 297 10.1097/00005650-198803000-00005 3352325
13. Self-care responses to symptoms by older people: a health diary study of illness behaviour. EP Stoller LE Forster S Portugal, Med Care 1993 31 24 42 10.1097/00005650-199301000-00002 8417268
14. Participation Rates in Epidemiologic Studies. S Galea M Tracy, Ann Epidemiol 2007 17 643 653 10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.03.013 17553702 (Pubitemid 47268775)
15. Reporting Participation in Epidemiologic Studies: A Survey of Practice. LM Morton J Cahill P Hartge, Am J Epidemiol 2006 163 197 203 10.1093/aje/kwj036 16339049 (Pubitemid 43145745)
16. Lay care in illness. K Dean, Soc Sci Med 1986 22 275 284 10.1016/0277-9536(86)90076-6 3515573 (Pubitemid 16129243)
17. An exploration of the dimensions of illness behaviour. RY Demers R Altamore H Mustin A Kleinman D Leonardi, J Fam Pract 1980 11 1085 1092 7452167
18. Exploring the iceberg. Common symptoms and how people care for them. LM Verbrugge FJ Ascione, Med Care 1987 25 539 569 10.1097/00005650-198706000-00008 3695661
19. The ecology of medical care. K White T Williams B Greenberg, N Engl J Med 1961 265 885 892 10.1056/NEJM196111022651805 14006536
20. Factors influencing demand for primary medical care in women aged 20-44 years: a preliminary report. MH Banks SA Beresford DC Morrell JJ Waller CJ Watkins, Int J Epidemiol 1975 4 189 195 10.1093/ije/4.3.189 1184268
21. The illness iceberg and aspects of consulting behaviour. In Fitzpatrick R et al (eds) The experience of illness. A Scambler G Scambler, London: Tavistock Press 1984
22. Why do people consult the doctor? SM Campbell MO Roland, Fam Pract 1996 13 75 83 10.1093/fampra/13.1.75 8671107 (Pubitemid 26091418)
23. Determinants of the help-seeking process: Goldberg and Huxley's first level and first filter. PFM Verhaak, Psychol Med 1995 25 95 104 10.1017/S0033291700028129 7792367
24. Sex differences in medical care utilisation: an empirical investigation. PD Clearly D Mechanic JR Greenley, J Health Soc Behav 1982 23 106 119 10.2307/2136508 7108177 (Pubitemid 12017188)
25. Gender differences in health rated behaviour, some unanswered questions. MA Kandrack KR Grant A Segalml, Soc Sci Med 1991 32 579 590 10.1016/0277- 9536(91)90293-L 2017726
26. Perception of and response to symptoms of illness in Sweden and the United States. R Andersen OW Anderson B Smedby, Med Care 1968 6 18 30 10.1097/00005650-196801000-00002
27. Personal and health factors associated with frequency of visits to the primary care clinic. H Antonovsky B Maoz D Pilpel T Arad, Fam Pract 1989 6 182 187 10.1093/fampra/6.3.182 2792617 (Pubitemid 19240046)
28. Symptom representations and affect as determinants of care seeking in a community-dwelling, adult sample population. L Cameron EA Leventhal H Leventahal, Health Psychol 1993 12 171 179 10.1037/0278-6133.12.3.171 8500446
29. Gender differences in consulting a general practitioner for common symptoms of minor illness. S Wyke K Hunt G Ford, Soc Sci Med 1998 46 901 906 10.1016/S0277-9536(97)00217-7 9541075 (Pubitemid 28102490)