Ducted-fan force and moment control via steady and synthetic jets

Journal of Aircraft

Volumn 48, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 514-526

  Ohanian III, Osgar John ^a   Karni, Etan D ^a   Londenberg, W Kelly ^b   Gelhausen, Paul A ^b   Inman, Daniel J ^a  

^a VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b AVID LLC   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTUATORS; CONTROL SURFACES; DUCTS; FLOW CONTROL; WIND TUNNELS;

AERODYNAMIC FORCES; COMPONENT DESIGN; CONTROL AUTHORITIES; CONTROL CONCEPT; MOMENTUM COEFFICIENT; NOVEL APPLICATIONS; SYNTHETIC JET ACTUATORS; VEHICLE INTEGRATION;

JETS;

EID: 79953662889     PISSN: 00218669     EISSN: 15333868     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2514/1.C031110     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Smith, B. L., and Swift, G.W., "A Comparison Between Synthetic Jets andContinuous Jets," Experiments in Fluids,Vol. 34, 2003, pp. 467-472. doi: 10.1007/s00348-002-0577-6
2. McMichael, J., Lovas, A., Plostins, P., Sahu, J., Brown, G., and Glezer, A., "Microadaptive FlowControl Applied to a Spinning Projectile," 2nd AIAA Flow Control Conference, AIAA Paper 2004-2512, Portland, OR, 2004.
3. White, A., "Upgrades for gMAV in Light of Iraq Ops," UVOnline, 22 April 2010, http://www.shephard.co.uk/news/uvonline/upgradesfor-gmav-in- light-of-iraq-ops/6185/ [retrieved 12 May 2010].
4. McCormick, B.W., Aerodynamics of V/STOL Flight, Dover, NewYork, 1999.
5. Fleming, J., Jones, T., Ng,W., Gelhausen, P., and Enns, D., "Improving Control System Effectiveness for Ducted Fan VTOL UAVS Operating In Crosswinds," 2nd AIAA "Unmanned Unlimited" Systems, Technologies, and Operations, AIAA Paper 2003-6514, San Diego, CA, 15-18 Sept. 2003.
6. Graf, W., Fleming, J., Ng, W., and Gelhausen, P., "Ducted Fan Aerodynamics in Forward Flight," AHS International Specialists' Meeting on Unmanned Rotorcraft, AHS International, Alexandria,VA, Jan. 2005.
7. Graf,W., "Effects of Duct Lip Shaping and Various Control Devices on the Hover and Forward Flight Performance of Ducted Fan UAVs," Masters Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA, May 2005.
8. Yaggy, P. F., and Mort, K.W., "Wind-Tunnel Investigation of a 4-Foot-Diameter Ducted Fan Mounted on the Tip of a SemispanWing," NASA TN D-776, 1961.
9. Yaggy, P. F., and Goodson, K. W., "Aerodynamics of a Tilting Ducted Fan Configuration," NASATN D-785, 1961.
10. Grunwald, K. J., and Goodson, K. W., "Aerodynamic Loads on an Isolated Shrouded-Propeller Configuration for Angles of Attack from-10 to 110 Deg," NASATN D-995, 1962.
11. Grunwald, K. J., and Goodson, K.W., "Division of Aerodynamic Loads on a Semispan Tilting-Ducted-Propeller Model in Hovering and Transition Flight," NASATN D-1257, 1962.
12. Mort, K. W., and Yaggy, P. F., "Aerodynamic Characteristics of a 4-Foot-Diameter Ducted Fan Mounted on the Tip of a Semi-Span Wing," NASATN D-1301, 1962.
13. Mort, K. W., and Gamse, B., "Wind-Tunnel Investigation of a 7-Foot-Diameter Ducted Propeller," NASATN D-4142, 1967.
14. Black, D. M., Wainauski, H. S., and Rohrbach, C., "Shrouded Propellers-A Comprehensive Performance Study," 5th AIAA Annual Meeting and Technical Display, AIAA Paper 1968-994, Philadelphia, Oct. 21-24, 1968.
15. Martin, P., and Tung, C., "Performance and Flowfield Measurements on a 10-Inch Ducted Rotor VTOL UAV," AHS International, Paper AHS 2004-0264, 2004.
16. Graf, W., Fleming, J., and Ng, W., "Improving Ducted Fan UAV Aerodynamics in Forward Flight," 46th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, AIAA Paper 2008-430, Reno, NV, 7-10 Jan. 2008.
17. Thipyopas, C., Barénes, R., and Moschetta, J., "Aerodynamic Analysis of a Multi-Mission Short-Shrouded Coaxial UAV: Part I-Hovering Flight," 26th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference, AIAA Paper 2008-6243, Honolulu, 18-21 Aug. 2008.
18. Akturk, A., Shavalikul, A., and Camci, C., "PIV Measurements and Computational Study of a 5-Inch Ducted Fan for V/STOL UAV Applications," 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, AIAA Paper 2009-332, Orlando, FL, 5-8 Jan. 2009.
19. Pereira, J., "Hover and Wind-Tunnel Testing of Shrouded Rotors for Improved Micro AirVehicle Design," Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD, 2008.
20. Burley, R., and Hwang, D., "Investigation of Tangential Blowing Applied to a Subsonic V/STOL Inlet," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 20, No. 11, 1983, pp. 926-934. doi:10.2514/3.48194 (Pubitemid 14490988)
21. Kondor, S., and Heiges, M., "Active Flow Control For Control of Ducted Rotor Systems," Proceedings, 39th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit, AIAA Paper 2001-117, Reno, Nevada, Jan. 8-11, 2001.
22. Kondor, S., Lee, W., Englar, R., and Moore, M., "Experimental Investigation of Circulation Control on a Shrouded Fan," Proceedings, 33rd Fluid Dynamics Conference, AIAA Paper 2003-3409, Orlando, FL, June 23-26, 2003.
23. Kondor, S., "Further Experimental Investigation of Circulation Control Morphing Shrouded Fan," 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, AIAA Paper 2005-639, Reno, NV, 10-13 Jan. 2005.
24. Fung, P. H., and Amitay, M., "Control of a Miniducted-Fan Unmanned AerialVehicle Using Active FlowControl," Journal of Aircraft,Vol. 39, No. 4, 2002, pp. 561-571. doi:10.2514/2.2993 (Pubitemid 34963764)
25. Fleming, J., Jones, T., Lusardi, J., Gelhausen, P., and Enns, D., "Improved Control of Ducted Fan VTOL UAVs in Crosswind Turbulence," Proceedings of the 4th AHS Decennial Specialist's Conference on Aeromechanics, AHS International, Alexandria, VA, Jan. 2004.
26. Ohanian, O. J., Karni, E., Londenberg, W. K., Gelhausen, P. A., and Inman, D. J., "Ducted-Fan Force and Moment Control via Steady and Synthetic Jets," 27th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference, AIAA Paper 2009-3622, San Antonio, TX, 22-25 June 2009.
27. Smith, B. L., and Glezer, A., "The Formation and Evolution of Synthetic Jets," Physics of Fluids, Vol. 10, No. 9, 1998, pp. 2281-2297. doi:10.1063/1.869828 (Pubitemid 128591615)
28. Glezer, A., and Amitay, M., "Synthetic Jets," Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 34, 2002, pp. 503-529. doi:10.1146/annurev.fluid.34. 090501.094913 (Pubitemid 35372032)
29. Holman, R., Utturkar, Y., Mittal, R., Smith, B. L., and Cattafesta, L., "Formation Criterion for Synthetic Jets," AIAA Journal,Vol. 43, No. 10, Oct. 2005, pp. 2110-2116. doi:10.2514/1.12033 (Pubitemid 41498947)
30. Zhong, S., Jabbal, M., Tang, H., Garcillan, L., Guo, F., Wood, N., and Warsop, C., "Towards the Design of Synthetic Jet Actuators for Full-Scale Flight Conditions, Part 1: The Fluid Mechanics of Synthetic jet Actuators," Flow, Turbulence and Combustion,Vol. 78, 2007, pp. 283-307. doi:10.1007/s10494-006-9064-0 (Pubitemid 47136356)
31. Ramasamy, M., Wilson, J. S., and Martin, P. B., "Interaction of Synthetic Jet with Boundary Layer Using Microscopic Particle Image Velocimetry," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 47, No. 2, 2010, pp. 404-422. doi:10.2514/1.45794
32. Gallas, Q., Holman, R., Nashida, T., Carroll, B., Sheplak, M., and Cattafesta, L., "Lumped Element Modeling of Piezoelectric-Driven Synthetic Jet Actuators," AIAA Journal, Vol. 41, No. 2, 2003, pp. 240-247. doi:10.2514/2.1936
33. Lockerby, D., and Carpenter, P., "Modeling and Design of Microjet Actuators," AIAA Journal, Vol. 42, No. 2, 2004, pp. 220-227. doi:10.2514/1.9091
34. Sharma, R. N., "Fluid-Dynamics-Based Analytical Model for Synthetic Jet Actuation," AIAA Journal, Vol. 45, No. 8, Aug. 2007, pp. 1841-1847. doi:10.2514/1.25427 (Pubitemid 47436963)
35. Tang, H., Zhong, S., Jabbal, M., Garcillan, L., Guo, F., Wood, N., and Warsop, C., "Towards the Design of Synthetic Jet Actuators for Full-Scale Flight Conditions, Part 1: Low-Dimensional Performance Prediction Models and Actuator Design Method," Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, Vol. 78, 2007, pp. 309-329. doi:10.1007/s10494-006-9061-3 (Pubitemid 47157868)
36. Carpenter, M. H., Singer, B. A., Yamaleev, N., Vatsa, V. N., Viken, S. A., and Atkins, H. L., "The Current Status of Unsteady CFD Approaches for Aerodynamic Flow Control," AIAA Paper 2002-3346, 2002.
37. Dandois, J., and Garnier, E., "Unsteady Simulation of a Synthetic Jet in a Crossflow," AIAA Journal, Vol. 44, No. 2, 2006, pp. 225-238. doi:10.2514/1.13462
38. Rumsey, C. L., Schaeffer, N. W., Milanovic, I. M., and Zaman, K. B. M. Q., "Time-Accurate Computations of Isolated Circular Synthetic Jets in Crossflow," Computers and Fluids, Vol. 36, 2007, pp. 1092-1105. doi:10.1016/j.compfluid.2006.09.002 (Pubitemid 46534823)
39. Rumsey, C. L., "Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Analysis of Zero Efflux Flow Control over a Hump Model," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 44, No. 2, 2007, pp. 444-452. doi:10.2514/1.23514 (Pubitemid 46741340)
40. Sharma, R. N., and Siong, S. K., "Uniform, Steady Jet, and Synthetic Jet Cross-Flows Across a Circular Cylinder," AIAA Paper 2009-4170, 2009.
41. Amitay, M., Pitt, D., and Glezer, A., "Separation Control in Duct Flows," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 39, No. 4, 2002, pp. 616-620. doi:10.2514/2.2973 (Pubitemid 34963771)
42. Gilarranz, J. L., Traub, L. W., and Rediniotis, O. K., "A New Class of Synthetic Jet Actuators-Part II: Application to Flow Separation Control," Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 127, 2005, pp. 377-387. doi:10.1115/1.1882393 (Pubitemid 40819401)
43. Ciuryla, M., Liu, Y., Farnsworth, J., Kwan, C., and Amitay, M., "Flight Control Using Synthetic Jets on a Cessna 182 Model," Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 44, No. 2, 2007, pp. 642-653. doi:10.2514/1.24961 (Pubitemid 46745104)
44. Farnsworth, J. A. N., Vaccaro, J. C., and Amitay, M., "Active Flow Control at Low Angles of Attack: Stingray Unmanned Aerial Vehicle," AIAA Journal, Vol. 46, No. 10, Oct. 2008, pp. 2530-2544. doi:10.2514/1.35860
45. Vukasinovic, B., Brzozowski, D., and Glezer, A., "Fluidic Control of Separation over a Hemispherical Turret," AIAA Journal, Vol. 47, No. 9, 2009, pp. 2212-2222. doi:10.2514/1.41920
46. Gomes, L. D., Crowther, W. J., and Wood, N. J., "Towards a Practical Piezoceramic Diaphragm Based Synthetic Jet Actuator for High Subsonic Applications-Effect of Chamber and Orifice Depth on Actuator Peak Velocity," 3rd AIAA Flow Control Conference, AIAA Paper 2006-2859, San Francisco, 5-8 June 2006.
47. "Assessment of Experimental Uncertainty with Application to Wind Tunnel Testing," AIAA Standard Series, S-071A-1999, AIAA, Reston, VA, 1999.
48. Barlow, J. B., Rae, W. H., and Pope, A., Low-Speed Wind Tunnel Testing, 3rd ed., Wiley, New York, 1999.
49. Glauert, H., The Elements of Aerofoil and Airscrew Theory, 2nd ed., Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, England, U.K., 1983.
50. Hackett, J. E., Lilley, D. E., and Wilsden, D. J., "Estimation of Tunnel Blockage from Wall Pressure Signatures: A Review and Data Correlation," NASA CR15.224, March 1979.
51. Mikkelsen, R., and Sørensen, J. N., "Modelling of Wind Tunnel Blockage," Proceedings of the 2002 Global Windpower Conference and Exhibition [CD-ROM], EuropeanWind Energy Association, 2002.
52. Fitzgerald, R. E., "Wind Tunnel Blockage Corrections for Propellers," M.S. Thesis, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD, 2007.
53. Englar, R. J., "Overview of Circulation Control Pneumatic Aerodynamics: Blown Force and Moment Augmentation and Modification as Applied Primarily to Fixed-Wing Aircraft," Applications of Circulation Control Technology, AIAA, Reston, VA, 2006, Chap. 2.