Motor Output Variability

Encyclopedia of Movement Disorders

Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 202-204

  Christou, E A ^a  

^a TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Endpoint variability; Force variability; Motor output variability; Noise; Trajectory variability; Trial to trial variability; Within trial variability

Indexed keywords

EID: 79953247735     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-374105-9.00515-3     Document Type: Chapter

References (15)

1. Christou E.A., Tracy B.L. Aging and motor output variability. Movement System Variability 2005, 199-215. Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL. K. Davids, S. Bennett, K. Newell (Eds.).
2. Christou E.A., Grossman M., Carlton L.G. Modeling variability of force during isometric contractions of the quadriceps femoris. Journal of Motor Behavior 2002, 34(1):67-81.
3. Christou E.A., Jakobi J.M., Critchlow A., et al. The 1- to 2-Hz oscillations in muscle force are exacerbated by stress, especially in older adults. Journal of Applied Physiology 2004, 97(1):225-235.
4. Christou E.A., Poston B., Enoka J.A., Enoka R.M. Different neural adjustments improve endpoint accuracy with practice in young and old adults. Journal of Neurophysiology 2007, 97(5):3340-3350.
5. Christou E.A., Tracy B.L., Enoka R.M. The steadiness of lengthening contractions. Progress in Motor Control, Volume II: Structure-Function Relations in Voluntray Movements 2002, 195-207. Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL. M.L. Latash (Ed.).
6. Christou E.A., Zelent M., Carlton L.G. Force control is greater in the upper compared with the lower extremity. Journal of Motor Behavior 2003, 35(4):322-324.
7. Enoka R.M., Christou E.A., Hunter S.K., et al. Mechanisms that contribute to differences in motor performance between young and old adults. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 2003, 13(1):1-12.
8. Faisal A.A., Selen L.P., Wolpert D.M. Noise in the nervous system. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2008, 9(4):292-303.
9. Fullerton G.S., Cattell J.M. On the perception of small differences. Philosophical Monogram Series No. 2 1892, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, PA.
10. Harris C.M., Wolpert D.M. Signal-dependent noise determines motor planning. Nature 1998, 394(6695):780-784.
11. Kornatz K.W., Christou E.A., Enoka R.M. Practice reduces motor unit discharge variability in a hand muscle and improves manual dexterity in old adults. Journal of Applied Physiology 2005, 98(6):2072-2080.
12. Moritz C.T., Barry B.K., Pascoe M.A., et al. Discharge rate variability influences the variation in force fluctuations across the working range of a hand muscle. Journal of Neurophysiology 2005, 93(5):2449-2459.
13. Semmler J.G., Kornatz K.W., Enoka R.M. Motor-unit coherence during isometric contractions is greater in a hand muscle of older adults. Journal of Neurophysiology 2003, 90(2):1346-1349.
14. Stein R.B., Gossen E.R., Jones K.E. Neuronal variability: noise or part of the signal?. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2005, 6(5):389-397.
15. Taylor A.M., Christou E.A., Enoka R.M. Multiple features of motor-unit activity influence force fluctuations during isometric contractions. Journal of Neurophysiology 2003, 90(2):1350-1361.