메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 1109-1127

Loneliness, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of migrant workers: Empirical evidence from China

Author keywords

China; Commitment; Job satisfaction; Loneliness; Migrant workers; Turnover intention

Indexed keywords


EID: 79953194122     PISSN: 09585192     EISSN: 14664399     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2011.556785     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (39)

References (90)
  • 1
    • 22644450494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depressive Symptomatology: Prevalence and Psychosocial Risk Factors Among Mexican Migrant Farmworkers in California
    • Alderete, E., Vega, W.A., Kolody, B., and Aguilar-Gaxiola, S. (1999), 'Depressive Symptomatology: Prevalence and Psychosocial Risk Factors Among Mexican Migrant Farmworkers in California,' Journal of Community Psychology, 47, 457-471.
    • (1999) Journal of Community Psychology , vol.47 , pp. 457-471
    • Alderete, E.1    Vega, W.A.2    Kolody, B.3    Aguilar-Gaxiola, S.4
  • 2
    • 0033240606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attributional Style, Depression, and Loneliness: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of American and Chinese Students
    • Anderson, C.A. (1999), 'Attributional Style, Depression, and Loneliness: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of American and Chinese Students,' Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 482-499.
    • (1999) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.25 , pp. 482-499
    • Anderson, C.A.1
  • 4
    • 24144479750 scopus 로고
    • A Multivariate Analysis of the Determinants of Job Turnover
    • Arnold, H.J., and Feldman, D.C. (1982), 'A Multivariate Analysis of the Determinants of Job Turnover,' Journal of Applied Psychology, 67, 350-360.
    • (1982) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.67 , pp. 350-360
    • Arnold, H.J.1    Feldman, D.C.2
  • 5
    • 0037796764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Family-Responsive Variables and Retention-Relevant Outcomes Among Employed Parents
    • Aryee, S., Luk, V., and Stone, R. (1998), 'Family-Responsive Variables and Retention-Relevant Outcomes Among Employed Parents,' Human Relations, 51, 1, 73-87.
    • (1998) Human Relations , vol.51 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-87
    • Aryee, S.1    Luk, V.2    Stone, R.3
  • 6
    • 79953178057 scopus 로고
    • Gender and Attitudinal Commitment to Organizations: A Meta-Analysis
    • Aven, F.F. Jr, Parker, B., and McEvoy, G.M. (1993), 'Gender and Attitudinal Commitment to Organizations: A Meta-Analysis,' Journal of Managerial Issues, 11, 198-212.
    • (1993) Journal of Managerial Issues , vol.11 , pp. 198-212
    • Aven Jr., F.F.1    Parker, B.2    McEvoy, G.M.3
  • 7
    • 0009921015 scopus 로고
    • Escaping Loneliness in Adolescence: The Case for Androgyny
    • Avery, A.W. (1982), 'Escaping Loneliness in Adolescence: the Case for Androgyny,' Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 11, 451-459.
    • (1982) Journal of Youth and Adolescence , vol.11 , pp. 451-459
    • Avery, A.W.1
  • 8
    • 84970746658 scopus 로고
    • The Employees Rights to Know the Issues and the Corporations Responsibility to Communicate
    • Bateman, D.N. (1977), 'The Employees Rights to Know the Issues and the Corporations Responsibility to Communicate,' Journal of Business Communication, 14, 2, 3-9.
    • (1977) Journal of Business Communication , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 3-9
    • Bateman, D.N.1
  • 9
    • 79953203373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • People's Weekly World Newspaper, online, September 11, 2004, last accessed on September 9, 2009
    • Bechtel, M. (2004), 'China's Unions and Migrant Workers: Building a Better Future Together'. People's Weekly World Newspaper, online, September 11, 2004. http://www.pww.org/article/articleview/5753/1/231 (last accessed on September 9, 2009).
    • (2004) China's Unions and Migrant Workers: Building a Better Future Together'
    • Bechtel, M.1
  • 10
    • 84936043041 scopus 로고
    • Gender, Friendship, Network Density, and Loneliness
    • Bell, R.A. (1991), 'Gender, Friendship, Network Density, and Loneliness,' Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 6, 45-56.
    • (1991) Journal of Social Behavior and Personality , vol.6 , pp. 45-56
    • Bell, R.A.1
  • 11
    • 0020433847 scopus 로고
    • Conditions Under which Stronger Job Performance-Job Satisfaction Relationships may be Observed
    • Bhagat, R.S. (1982), 'Conditions Under which Stronger Job Performance-Job Satisfaction Relationships may be Observed,' Academy of management Journal, 29, 772-789.
    • (1982) Academy of Management Journal , vol.29 , pp. 772-789
    • Bhagat, R.S.1
  • 12
    • 84964116962 scopus 로고
    • Unified Model of Turnover from Organization
    • Bluedorn, A.C.A. (1982), 'Unified Model of Turnover from Organization,' Human Relation, 35, 2, 135-153.
    • (1982) Human Relation , vol.35 , Issue.2 , pp. 135-153
    • Bluedorn, A.C.A.1
  • 13
    • 0021019823 scopus 로고
    • An Examination of College GPA, Composite ACT Scores, IQs and Gender in Relation to Loneliness of College Students
    • Booth, R. (1983), 'An Examination of College GPA, Composite ACT Scores, IQs and Gender in Relation to Loneliness of College Students,' Psychological Reports, 53, 347-352.
    • (1983) Psychological Reports , vol.53 , pp. 347-352
    • Booth, R.1
  • 14
    • 79953222401 scopus 로고
    • Loneliness and Abstraction Level of College Students
    • Booth, R. (1985), 'Loneliness and Abstraction Level of College Students,' Journal of College Student Personnel, 28, 116-119.
    • (1985) Journal of College Student Personnel , vol.28 , pp. 116-119
    • Booth, R.1
  • 15
    • 3042786901 scopus 로고
    • An Examination of the Relationship Between Happiness, Loneliness, and Shyness in College Students
    • Booth, R., Bartlett, D., and Bohnsack, J. (1992), 'An Examination of the Relationship Between Happiness, Loneliness, and Shyness in College Students,' Journal of College Student Development, 33, 157-162.
    • (1992) Journal of College Student Development , vol.33 , pp. 157-162
    • Booth, R.1    Bartlett, D.2    Bohnsack, J.3
  • 18
    • 79953172059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the Nature of Commitment in Grassroots Development Organizations
    • Chan, S.H. (2006a), 'Understanding the Nature of Commitment in Grassroots Development Organizations,' Euro Asia Journal of Management, 16, 1, 41-52.
    • (2006) Euro Asia Journal of Management , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-52
    • Chan, S.H.1
  • 19
    • 33745865201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organizational Identification and Commitment of Members of a Human Development Organization
    • Chan, S.H. (2006b), 'Organizational Identification and Commitment of Members of a Human Development Organization,' Journal of Management Development, 25, 3, 249-268.
    • (2006) Journal of Management Development , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 249-268
    • Chan, S.H.1
  • 21
    • 79953177151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • China Daily, online, October 2, 2004, last accessed on September 4, 2009
    • China Daily (2004a), 'Moving Millions Rebuild a Nation', online, October 2, 2004. http://www.china.org.cn/english/China/108570.htm (last accessed on September 4, 2009).
    • (2004) Moving Millions Rebuild a Nation'
  • 22
    • 79953205747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • China Daily, online, August 16, 2004, last accessed on September 4, 2009
    • China Daily (2004b), 'Migrants Face Loneliness and Depression', online, August 16, 2004. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-08/16/content_365709.htm (last accessed on September 4, 2009).
    • (2004) Migrants Face Loneliness and Depression'
  • 23
    • 77950186982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • China Labour Bulletin, online, June 6, 2008, last accessed on September 9, 2009
    • China Labour Bulletin (2008), 'Migrant Workers in China,' online, June 6, 2008. http://www.china-labour.org.hk/en/node/100259 (last accessed on September 9, 2009).
    • (2008) Migrant Workers In China
  • 24
    • 0009899128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social and Emotional Loneliness: Gender Differences and Relationships with Self-Monitoring and Perceived Control
    • Clinton, M., and Anderson, L.R. (1999), 'Social and Emotional Loneliness: Gender Differences and Relationships with Self-Monitoring and Perceived Control,' Journal of Black Psychology, 25, 1, 61-77.
    • (1999) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 61-77
    • Clinton, M.1    Anderson, L.R.2
  • 25
    • 0017107141 scopus 로고
    • Social Support as a Moderator of Life Stress
    • Cobb, S. (1976), 'Social Support as a Moderator of Life Stress,' Psychosomatic Medicine, 38, 300-314.
    • (1976) Psychosomatic Medicine , vol.38 , pp. 300-314
    • Cobb, S.1
  • 26
    • 0022775527 scopus 로고
    • Adolescent Loneliness, Self-Disclosure, and Private Self- Consciousness: A Longitudinal Investigation
    • Davis, M.H., and Franzoi, S.L. (1986), 'Adolescent Loneliness, Self-Disclosure, and Private Self- Consciousness: A Longitudinal Investigation,' Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 595-608.
    • (1986) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 595-608
    • Davis, M.H.1    Franzoi, S.L.2
  • 27
    • 0011522730 scopus 로고
    • The Relationship Between Optimism-Pessimism, Loneliness, and Level of Self-Esteem in College Students
    • Davis, S.F., Hanson, H., Edson, R., and Ziegler, C. (1992), 'The Relationship Between Optimism-Pessimism, Loneliness, and Level of Self-Esteem in College Students,' College Student Journal, 26, 244-247.
    • (1992) College Student Journal , vol.26 , pp. 244-247
    • Davis, S.F.1    Hanson, H.2    Edson, R.3    Ziegler, C.4
  • 28
    • 79953218197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • China and Its Migrant Workers: Social Harmony or Social Clash?'
    • Di Dio, D. (2007), 'China and Its Migrant Workers: Social Harmony or Social Clash?' Graduate Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies, 5, 1, 35-57.
    • (2007) Graduate Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-57
    • Di Dio, D.1
  • 29
    • 0031097375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social and Emotional Loneliness: A Reexamination of Weiss' Typology of Loneliness
    • DiTommaso, E., and Spinner, B. (1997), 'Social and Emotional Loneliness: A Reexamination of Weiss' Typology of Loneliness,' Personality and Individual Differences, 22, 417-427.
    • (1997) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.22 , pp. 417-427
    • Ditommaso, E.1    Spinner, B.2
  • 30
    • 0001102603 scopus 로고
    • Loneliness in College Students: Some Theoretical, Empirical, and Therapeutic Considerations
    • Diamant, L., and Windholz, G. (1981), 'Loneliness in College Students: Some Theoretical, Empirical, and Therapeutic Considerations,' Journal of College Student Development, 22, 515-522.
    • (1981) Journal of College Student Development , vol.22 , pp. 515-522
    • Diamant, L.1    Windholz, G.2
  • 31
    • 0033408657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lonely Hearts: Psychological Perspectives on Loneliness
    • Ernst, J., and Cacioppo, J. (1999), 'Lonely Hearts: Psychological Perspectives on Loneliness,' Applied and Preventive Psychology, 8, 1-22.
    • (1999) Applied and Preventive Psychology , vol.8 , pp. 1-22
    • Ernst, J.1    Cacioppo, J.2
  • 32
    • 0001907921 scopus 로고
    • The Hispanic and Social Networks
    • eds. R. Becerra, M. Karno and J. Escobar, New York: Grune and Stratton
    • Escobar, J., and Randolph, E. (1982), 'The Hispanic and Social Networks,' in Mental Health and Hispanic Americans: Clinical Perspective, eds. R. Becerra, M. Karno and J. Escobar, New York: Grune and Stratton, pp. 41-57.
    • (1982) Mental Health and Hispanic Americans: Clinical Perspective , pp. 41-57
    • Escobar, J.1    Randolph, E.2
  • 33
    • 0035645807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loneliness and Life Satisfaction Among Three Cultural Groups
    • Goodwin, R., Cook, O., and Yung, Y. (2001), 'Loneliness and Life Satisfaction Among Three Cultural Groups,' Personal Relationships, 8, 225-230.
    • (2001) Personal Relationships , vol.8 , pp. 225-230
    • Goodwin, R.1    Cook, O.2    Yung, Y.3
  • 35
    • 0020756503 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of Transitory and Chronic Loners on Selected Personality Variables
    • Hojat, M. (1983), 'Comparison of Transitory and Chronic Loners on Selected Personality Variables,' British Journal of Psychology, 74, 199-202.
    • (1983) British Journal of Psychology , vol.74 , pp. 199-202
    • Hojat, M.1
  • 36
    • 0000360064 scopus 로고
    • Turnover Functionality Versus Turnover Frequency: A Note on Work Attitudes and Organizational effectiveness
    • Hollenbeck, J.R., and Williams, C.R. (1986), 'Turnover Functionality Versus Turnover Frequency: A Note on Work Attitudes and Organizational effectiveness,' Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 606-611.
    • (1986) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.71 , pp. 606-611
    • Hollenbeck, J.R.1    Williams, C.R.2
  • 37
    • 0034538936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social and Emotional Loneliness Among Non- Demented and Demented Elderly People
    • Holmen, K., Ericsson, K., and Winblad, B. (2000), 'Social and Emotional Loneliness Among Non- Demented and Demented Elderly People,' Archieves of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 31, 177-192.
    • (2000) Archieves of Gerontology and Geriatrics , vol.31 , pp. 177-192
    • Holmen, K.1    Ericsson, K.2    Winblad, B.3
  • 38
    • 0000003168 scopus 로고
    • Personal and Role Related Factors in the Development of Organizational Commitment
    • Hrebiniak, L.G., and Alutto, J.A. (1972), 'Personal and Role Related Factors in the Development of Organizational Commitment,' Administrative Science Quarterly, 17, 555-572.
    • (1972) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.17 , pp. 555-572
    • Hrebiniak, L.G.1    Alutto, J.A.2
  • 39
    • 67649388277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leadership Style, School Climate and the Institutional Commitment of Teachers
    • John, M.C., and Taylor, W.T. (1999), 'Leadership Style, School Climate and the Institutional Commitment of Teachers,' International Forum (InFo), 2, 1, 25-57.
    • (1999) International Forum (InFo) , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-57
    • John, M.C.1    Taylor, W.T.2
  • 40
    • 0003025541 scopus 로고
    • Loneliness and Social Behavior
    • eds. L.A. Peplau and D. Perlman, New York: John Wiley and Sons
    • Jones, W.H. (1982), 'Loneliness and Social Behavior,' in Loneliness: A Sourcebook of Current Theory, Research, and Therapy, eds. L.A. Peplau and D. Perlman, New York: John Wiley and Sons, pp. 238-254.
    • (1982) Loneliness: A Sourcebook of Current Theory, Research, and Therapy , pp. 238-254
    • Jones, W.H.1
  • 41
    • 3142596155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Old Age and Loneliness: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses in the Tampere Longitudinal Study on Aging
    • Jylha, M. (2004), 'Old Age and Loneliness: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses in the Tampere Longitudinal Study on Aging,' Canadian Journal on Aging, 23, 157-168.
    • (2004) Canadian Journal On Aging , vol.23 , pp. 157-168
    • Jylha, M.1
  • 42
    • 0023018352 scopus 로고
    • An Examination of the Relation of Individual Difference Variables to Loneliness
    • Levin, I., and Stokes, J.P. (1986), 'An Examination of the Relation of Individual Difference Variables to Loneliness,' Journal of Personality, 54, 717-733.
    • (1986) Journal of Personality , vol.54 , pp. 717-733
    • Levin, I.1    Stokes, J.P.2
  • 44
    • 0001870280 scopus 로고
    • The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction
    • ed. M.D. Dunnette, Chicago, IL: Rand McNally
    • Locke, E.A. (1976), 'The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction,' in Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, ed. M.D. Dunnette, Chicago, IL: Rand McNally, pp. 1297-1349.
    • (1976) Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology , pp. 1297-1349
    • Locke, E.A.1
  • 46
    • 3042892982 scopus 로고
    • Shyness and Loneliness Among College Men and Women
    • Maroldo, G.K. (1981), 'Shyness and Loneliness Among College Men and Women,' Psychological Reports, 48, 875-886.
    • (1981) Psychological Reports , vol.48 , pp. 875-886
    • Maroldo, G.K.1
  • 47
    • 0010507361 scopus 로고
    • Gender Differences in Organizational Commitment: Influences of Work Positions and Family Roles
    • Marsden, P.V., Kalleberg, A.L., and Cook, C.R. (1993), 'Gender Differences in Organizational Commitment: Influences of Work Positions and Family Roles,' Work and Occupations, 20, 3, 368-390.
    • (1993) Work and Occupations , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 368-390
    • Marsden, P.V.1    Kalleberg, A.L.2    Cook, C.R.3
  • 48
    • 84925904532 scopus 로고
    • Organizational Commitment and Turnover: A Prediction Study
    • Marsh, R.M., and Mannari, H. (1977), 'Organizational Commitment and Turnover: A Prediction Study,' Administrative Science quarterly, 22, 1, 57-75.
    • (1977) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-75
    • Marsh, R.M.1    Mannari, H.2
  • 49
    • 11944272672 scopus 로고
    • A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences of Organizational Commitment
    • Mathieu, J.E., and Zajac, D.M. (1990), 'A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences of Organizational Commitment,' Psychological Bulletin, 108, 2, 171-194.
    • (1990) Psychological Bulletin , vol.108 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-194
    • Mathieu, J.E.1    Zajac, D.M.2
  • 52
    • 0000602385 scopus 로고
    • Unit Performance, Situational Factors, and Employee Attitudes in Spatially Separated Work Units
    • Mowday, R.T., Porter, L.W., and Dubin, R. (1974), 'Unit Performance, Situational Factors, and Employee Attitudes in Spatially Separated Work Units,' Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 12, 231-248.
    • (1974) Organizational Behavior and Human Performance , vol.12 , pp. 231-248
    • Mowday, R.T.1    Porter, L.W.2    Dubin, R.3
  • 55
    • 85132247361 scopus 로고
    • Organizational Predictors of Expatriate Job Satisfaction
    • Naumaun, E. (1993), 'Organizational Predictors of Expatriate Job Satisfaction,' Journal of International Business Studies, 24, 1, 61-80.
    • (1993) Journal of International Business Studies , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 61-80
    • Naumaun, E.1
  • 56
    • 0346090486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Employment Practices and Organizational Commitment: Differential Effects for Men and Women?'
    • Ngo, H.Y., and Tsang, A.W.N. (1998), 'Employment Practices and Organizational Commitment: Differential Effects for Men and Women?' International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 6, 3, 251-266.
    • (1998) International Journal of Organizational Analysis , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 251-266
    • Ngo, H.Y.1    Tsang, A.W.N.2
  • 57
    • 0022725150 scopus 로고
    • Loneliness in Relation to Depression and Self-Esteem
    • Ouellet, R., and Joshi, P. (1986), 'Loneliness in Relation to Depression and Self-Esteem,' Psychological reports, 58, 821-822.
    • (1986) Psychological Reports , vol.58 , pp. 821-822
    • Ouellet, R.1    Joshi, P.2
  • 59
    • 1442316692 scopus 로고
    • Recent Developments in Personality and Social Psychology: A Citation Analysis
    • Perlman, D. (1983), 'Recent Developments in Personality and Social Psychology: A Citation Analysis,' Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 10, 493-501.
    • (1983) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.10 , pp. 493-501
    • Perlman, D.1
  • 60
    • 3142648102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loneliness
    • ed. H. Friedman, San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Perlman, D., and Peplau, L.A. (1998), 'Loneliness,' in Encyclopedia of Mental Health (Vol. 2), ed. H. Friedman, San Diego, CA: Academic Press, pp. 571-581.
    • (1998) Encyclopedia of Mental Health , vol.2 , pp. 571-581
    • Perlman, D.1    Peplau, L.A.2
  • 61
    • 0040310932 scopus 로고
    • Loneliness Among College Students
    • Ponzetti, J.J. Jr. (1990), 'Loneliness Among College Students,' Family Relations, 39, 3, 336-340.
    • (1990) Family Relations , vol.39 , Issue.3 , pp. 336-340
    • Ponzetti Jr., J.J.1
  • 62
    • 0000373192 scopus 로고
    • Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Among Psychiatric Technicians
    • Porter, L.W., Steers, R.M., Mowday, R.T., and Boulian, P.V. (1974), 'Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Among Psychiatric Technicians,' Journal of Applied Psychology, 59, 603-609.
    • (1974) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.59 , pp. 603-609
    • Porter, L.W.1    Steers, R.M.2    Mowday, R.T.3    Boulian, P.V.4
  • 64
    • 0001585987 scopus 로고
    • Changes in Social Networks Following Separation and Divorce
    • ed. R.M. Milardo, London: Sage
    • Rands, M. (1988), 'Changes in Social Networks Following Separation and Divorce,' in Families and Social Networks, ed. R.M. Milardo, London: Sage, pp. 127-146.
    • (1988) Families and Social Networks , pp. 127-146
    • Rands, M.1
  • 65
    • 0017462021 scopus 로고
    • Antecedents and Outcomes of Organizational Commitment
    • Richard, M.S. (1977), 'Antecedents and Outcomes of Organizational Commitment,' Administrative Science Quarterly, 22, 1, 46-56.
    • (1977) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 46-56
    • Richard, M.S.1
  • 66
    • 0040635249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiating Antecedents of Organizational Commitment: A Test of March and Simon's Model
    • Roger, C.M., and Schoorman, F.D. (1998), 'Differentiating Antecedents of Organizational Commitment: A Test of March and Simon's Model,' Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19, 1, 15-28.
    • (1998) Journal of Organizational Behavior , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-28
    • Roger, C.M.1    Schoorman, F.D.2
  • 69
  • 71
    • 0000498370 scopus 로고
    • Individual Differences in Young Adults Shyness and Sociability: Personality and Health Correlates
    • Schmidt, L.A., and Fox, N.A. (1995), 'Individual Differences in Young Adults Shyness and Sociability: Personality and Health Correlates,' Personality and Individual Differences, 19, 455-462.
    • (1995) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.19 , pp. 455-462
    • Schmidt, L.A.1    Fox, N.A.2
  • 72
    • 0041870919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethical Climate's Relationship to Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intention in the Salesforce
    • Schwepker, C.H. (2001), 'Ethical Climate's Relationship to Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intention in the Salesforce,' Journal of Business Research, 54, 39-52.
    • (2001) Journal of Business Research , vol.54 , pp. 39-52
    • Schwepker, C.H.1
  • 73
    • 84986656973 scopus 로고
    • Paths to the Job Satisfaction of Bank Employees
    • Sekaran, U. (1989), 'Paths to the Job Satisfaction of Bank Employees,' Journal of Organizational Behavior, 10, 4, 347-359.
    • (1989) Journal of Organizational Behavior , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 347-359
    • Sekaran, U.1
  • 74
    • 15944380027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of Organizational Commitment Among Staff in Assisted Living
    • Sikorska-Simmons, E. (2005), 'Predictors of Organizational Commitment Among Staff in Assisted Living,' Gorontologist, 45, 196-205.
    • (2005) Gorontologist , vol.45 , pp. 196-205
    • Sikorska-Simmons, E.1
  • 75
    • 84910788831 scopus 로고
    • Problems in the Measurement of Organizational Effectiveness
    • Steers, R.M. (1975), 'Problems in the Measurement of Organizational Effectiveness,' Administrative Science Quarterly, 20, 546-558.
    • (1975) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.20 , pp. 546-558
    • Steers, R.M.1
  • 77
    • 77957710484 scopus 로고
    • The Relationship of Teacher's Organizational Commitment to their Perceived Organizational Health and Personal Characteristics in Primary Schools
    • Tsui, K., Leung, T., Cheung, Y., Mok, H., and Ho, W. (1994), 'The Relationship of Teacher's Organizational Commitment to their Perceived Organizational Health and Personal Characteristics in Primary Schools,' CUHK Journal of Primary Education, 4, 2, 27-41.
    • (1994) CUHK Journal of Primary Education , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 27-41
    • Tsui, K.1    Leung, T.2    Cheung, Y.3    Mok, H.4    Ho, W.5
  • 78
    • 3142630014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loneliness Among Older Adults in the Netherlands, Italy, and Canada: A Multi Faceted Comparison
    • Van Tilburg, T., Havens, B., and De Jong Gierveld, J. (2004), 'Loneliness Among Older Adults in the Netherlands, Italy, and Canada: A Multi Faceted Comparison,' Canadian Journal on Aging, 23, 169-180.
    • (2004) Canadian Journal On Aging , vol.23 , pp. 169-180
    • van Tilburg, T.1    Havens, B.2    de Jong Gierveld, J.3
  • 79
    • 0000751139 scopus 로고
    • Social and Emotional Loneliness: The Role of Social and Personal Characteristic
    • Vaux, A. (1988), 'Social and Emotional Loneliness: The Role of Social and Personal Characteristic,' Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 14, 722-734.
    • (1988) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.14 , pp. 722-734
    • Vaux, A.1
  • 81
    • 84955547551 scopus 로고
    • Reflections on the Present State of Loneliness Research
    • Weiss, R.S. (1987), 'Reflections on the Present State of Loneliness Research,' Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 2, 1-16.
    • (1987) Journal of Social Behavior and Personality , vol.2 , pp. 1-16
    • Weiss, R.S.1
  • 84
    • 84965569425 scopus 로고
    • Brothers Keepers: Situating Kinship Relations in Broader Networks of Social Support
    • Wellman, B., and Wortley, S. (1989), 'Brothers Keepers: Situating Kinship Relations in Broader Networks of Social Support,' Sociological Perspectives, 32, 273-306.
    • (1989) Sociological Perspectives , vol.32 , pp. 273-306
    • Wellman, B.1    Wortley, S.2
  • 85
    • 79953213846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It's Okay to go there the Place of Friendship in Ministry
    • last accessed on September 4, 2009
    • Wells, B. (2003), 'It's Okay to go there the Place of Friendship in Ministry,' The Alumni Magazine of Duke Divinity School, http://www.pulpitandpew.duke.edu/friendship.htm (last accessed on September 4, 2009).
    • (2003) The Alumni Magazine of Duke Divinity School
    • Wells, B.1
  • 86
    • 84973731261 scopus 로고
    • Inter-Relationships Between Organizational Commitment and Job Characteristics, Job Satisfaction, Professional Behavior and Organizational Climate
    • Welsch, H.P., and LaVan, H. (1981), 'Inter-Relationships Between Organizational Commitment and Job Characteristics, Job Satisfaction, Professional Behavior and Organizational Climate,' Human Relations, 34, 12, 1079-1089.
    • (1981) Human Relations , vol.34 , Issue.12 , pp. 1079-1089
    • Welsch, H.P.1    Lavan, H.2
  • 87
    • 3142514188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in Levels of Social Isolation and Loneliness Among Older People in a Rural Area: A Twenty-year Longitudinal Study
    • Wenger, G.C., and Burholt, V. (2004), 'Changes in Levels of Social Isolation and Loneliness Among Older People in a Rural Area: A Twenty-year Longitudinal Study,' Canadian Journal on Aging, 23, 115-127.
    • (2004) Canadian Journal On Aging , vol.23 , pp. 115-127
    • Wenger, G.C.1    Burholt, V.2
  • 88
    • 84874546428 scopus 로고
    • Effects of Personal Values on the Relationship Between Participation and Job Attitudes
    • White, J.K., and Ruh, R.A. (1973), 'Effects of Personal Values on the Relationship Between Participation and Job Attitudes,' Administrative Science Quarterly, 18, 506-514.
    • (1973) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.18 , pp. 506-514
    • White, J.K.1    Ruh, R.A.2
  • 89
    • 0000189486 scopus 로고
    • Antecedents and Consequences of Satisfaction and Commitment in Turnover Models: A Reananlysis Using Latent Variable Structural Equation Methods
    • Williams, L.J., and Hazer, J.T. (1986), 'Antecedents and Consequences of Satisfaction and Commitment in Turnover Models: A Reananlysis Using Latent Variable Structural Equation Methods,' Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 219-231.
    • (1986) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.71 , pp. 219-231
    • Williams, L.J.1    Hazer, J.T.2
  • 90
    • 41849104583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Loneliness Among Older People in China
    • Yang, K., and Victor, C.R. (2008), 'The Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Loneliness Among Older People in China,' Ageing and Society, 28, 3, 305-327.
    • (2008) Ageing and Society , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 305-327
    • Yang, K.1    Victor, C.R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.