메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 110-133

HIV sexual transmission and microbicides

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

4 BENZOYL 1 [(4 METHOXY 1H PYRROLO[2,3 B]PYRIDIN 3 YL)OXOACETYL] 2 METHYLPIPERAZINE; ACIDFORM; BMS 599793; C 31G; CARBOPOL 974P; CARRAGEENAN; CELLACEFATE; CELLULOSE SULFATE; CPMD 167; DAPIVIRINE; DODECYL SULFATE SODIUM; EMTRICITABINE PLUS TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS FUSION INHIBITOR; INTEGRASE INHIBITOR; INVISIBLE CONDOM; MARAVIROC; MICROBICIDE; MIV 150; MIV 160; MIV 170; N [4 CHLORO 3 (3 METHYL 2 BUTENYLOXY)PHENYL] 2 METHYL 3 FURANCARBOTHIOAMIDE; NONNUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR; NONOXINOL 9; PLACEBO; POLYANION; PRO 2000; PROBIOTIC AGENT; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; SAVVY; SURFACTANT; TENOFOVIR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; ZINC ACETATE; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

EID: 79953042657     PISSN: 10529276     EISSN: 10991654     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/rmv.684     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (45)

References (274)
  • 1
    • 1842486661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of sexually transmitted diseases in HIV transmission
    • Galvin SR, Cohen MS. The role of sexually transmitted diseases in HIV transmission. Nat Rev Microbiol 2004; 2: 33-42.
    • (2004) Nat Rev Microbiol , vol.2 , pp. 33-42
    • Galvin, S.R.1    Cohen, M.S.2
  • 2
    • 0035857959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in monogamous, heterosexual, HIV-1-discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda
    • Gray RH, Wawer MJ, Brookmeyer R, et al. Probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in monogamous, heterosexual, HIV-1-discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda. Lancet 2001; 357: 1149-1153.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , pp. 1149-1153
    • Gray, R.H.1    Wawer, M.J.2    Brookmeyer, R.3
  • 3
    • 33846018595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circumcision and HIV transmission
    • Quinn TC. Circumcision and HIV transmission. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2007; 20: 33-38.
    • (2007) Curr Opin Infect Dis , vol.20 , pp. 33-38
    • Quinn, T.C.1
  • 4
    • 49349098903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking the heterosexual infectivity of HIV-1: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Powers KA, Poole C, Pettifor AE, Cohen MS. Rethinking the heterosexual infectivity of HIV-1: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2008; 8: 553-563.
    • (2008) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.8 , pp. 553-563
    • Powers, K.A.1    Poole, C.2    Pettifor, A.E.3    Cohen, M.S.4
  • 5
    • 77955930318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness and safety of tenofovir gel, an antiretroviral microbicide, for the prevention of HIV infection in women
    • Abdool Karim Q, Abdool Karim SS, Frohlich JA, et al. Effectiveness and safety of tenofovir gel, an antiretroviral microbicide, for the prevention of HIV infection in women. Science 2010; 329: 1168-1174.
    • (2010) Science , vol.329 , pp. 1168-1174
    • Abdool Karim, Q.1    Abdool Karim, S.S.2    Frohlich, J.A.3
  • 6
    • 0345569681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibiting sexual transmission of HIV-1 infection
    • Shattock RJ, Moore JP. Inhibiting sexual transmission of HIV-1 infection. Nat Rev Microbiol 2003; 1: 25-34.
    • (2003) Nat Rev Microbiol , vol.1 , pp. 25-34
    • Shattock, R.J.1    Moore, J.P.2
  • 7
    • 78650549662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preexposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men
    • Grant RM, Lama JR, Anderson PL, et al. Preexposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 2587-2599.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.363 , pp. 2587-2599
    • Grant, R.M.1    Lama, J.R.2    Anderson, P.L.3
  • 8
    • 37049027132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human seminal plasma abrogates the capture and transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to CD4+ T cells mediated by DC-SIGN
    • Sabatté J, Ceballos A, Raiden S, et al. Human seminal plasma abrogates the capture and transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to CD4+ T cells mediated by DC-SIGN. J Virol 2007; 81: 13723-13734.
    • (2007) J Virol , vol.81 , pp. 13723-13734
    • Sabatté, J.1    Ceballos, A.2    Raiden, S.3
  • 9
    • 36849093472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semen-derived amyloid fibrils drastically enhance HIV infection
    • Münch J, Rücker E, Ständker L, et al. Semen-derived amyloid fibrils drastically enhance HIV infection. Cell 2007; 131: 1059-1071.
    • (2007) Cell , vol.131 , pp. 1059-1071
    • Münch, J.1    Rücker, E.2    Ständker, L.3
  • 10
    • 77953719956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semen-mediated enhancement of HIV infection is donor-dependent and correlates with the levels of SEVI
    • Kim KA, Yolamanova M, Zirafi O, et al. Semen-mediated enhancement of HIV infection is donor-dependent and correlates with the levels of SEVI. Retrovirology 2010; 7: 55.
    • (2010) Retrovirology , vol.7 , pp. 55
    • Kim, K.A.1    Yolamanova, M.2    Zirafi, O.3
  • 11
    • 77955884322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Within 1h, HIV-1 uses viral synapses to enter efficiently the inner, but not outer, foreskin mucosa and engages Langerhans-T cell conjugates
    • Ganor Y, Zhou Z, Tudor D, et al. Within 1h, HIV-1 uses viral synapses to enter efficiently the inner, but not outer, foreskin mucosa and engages Langerhans-T cell conjugates. Mucosal Immunol 2010; 3: 506-522.
    • (2010) Mucosal Immunol , vol.3 , pp. 506-522
    • Ganor, Y.1    Zhou, Z.2    Tudor, D.3
  • 12
    • 77953759999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced cellular responses and environmental sampling within inner foreskin explants: implications for the foreskin's role in HIV transmission
    • Fahrbach KM, Barry SM, Anderson MR, Hope TJ. Enhanced cellular responses and environmental sampling within inner foreskin explants: implications for the foreskin's role in HIV transmission. Mucosal Immunol 2010; 3: 410-418.
    • (2010) Mucosal Immunol , vol.3 , pp. 410-418
    • Fahrbach, K.M.1    Barry, S.M.2    Anderson, M.R.3    Hope, T.J.4
  • 13
    • 77953203539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abundant expression of HIV target cells and C-type lectin receptors in the foreskin tissue of young Kenyan men
    • Hirbod T, Bailey RC, Agot K, et al. Abundant expression of HIV target cells and C-type lectin receptors in the foreskin tissue of young Kenyan men. Am J Pathol 2010; 176: 2798-2805.
    • (2010) Am J Pathol , vol.176 , pp. 2798-2805
    • Hirbod, T.1    Bailey, R.C.2    Agot, K.3
  • 14
    • 0346494732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of DC-SIGN in human foreskin may facilitate sexual transmission of HIV
    • Soilleux EJ, Coleman N. Expression of DC-SIGN in human foreskin may facilitate sexual transmission of HIV. J Clin Pathol 2004; 57: 77-78.
    • (2004) J Clin Pathol , vol.57 , pp. 77-78
    • Soilleux, E.J.1    Coleman, N.2
  • 15
    • 79959843610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 transmission in the male genital tract
    • 28 November 2010 [Epub ahead of print].
    • Ganor Y, Bomsel M. HIV-1 transmission in the male genital tract. Am J Reprod Immunol 28 November 2010 [Epub ahead of print].
    • Am J Reprod Immunol
    • Ganor, Y.1    Bomsel, M.2
  • 16
    • 59849108852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 infection of human penile explant tissue and protection by candidate microbicides
    • Fischetti L, Barry SM, Hope TJ, Shattock RJ. HIV-1 infection of human penile explant tissue and protection by candidate microbicides. AIDS 2009; 23: 319-328.
    • (2009) AIDS , vol.23 , pp. 319-328
    • Fischetti, L.1    Barry, S.M.2    Hope, T.J.3    Shattock, R.J.4
  • 17
    • 33746211644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential HIV-1 target cells in the human penis
    • McCoombe SG, Short RV. Potential HIV-1 target cells in the human penis. AIDS 2006; 20: 1491-1495.
    • (2006) AIDS , vol.20 , pp. 1491-1495
    • McCoombe, S.G.1    Short, R.V.2
  • 18
    • 33644647926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 target cells in foreskins of African men with varying histories of sexually transmitted infections
    • Donoval BA, Landay AL, Moses S, et al. HIV-1 target cells in foreskins of African men with varying histories of sexually transmitted infections. Am J Clin Pathol 2006; 125: 386-391.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.125 , pp. 386-391
    • Donoval, B.A.1    Landay, A.L.2    Moses, S.3
  • 19
    • 79551619575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV infection and immune defense of the penis
    • 9 January 2011 [Epub ahead of print].
    • Anderson D, Politch JA, Pudney J. HIV infection and immune defense of the penis. Am J Reprod Immunol 9 January 2011 [Epub ahead of print].
    • Am J Reprod Immunol
    • Anderson, D.1    Politch, J.A.2    Pudney, J.3
  • 20
    • 0032441452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of HIV-1 in seminal plasma and seminal cells of HIV-1 seropositive men
    • Dulioust E, Tachet A, De Almeida M, et al. Detection of HIV-1 in seminal plasma and seminal cells of HIV-1 seropositive men. J Reprod Immunol 1998; 41: 27-40.
    • (1998) J Reprod Immunol , vol.41 , pp. 27-40
    • Dulioust, E.1    Tachet, A.2    De Almeida, M.3
  • 21
    • 73349125484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spermatozoa capture HIV-1 through heparan sulfate and efficiently transmit the virus to dendritic cells
    • Ceballos A, Remes Lenicov F, et al. Spermatozoa capture HIV-1 through heparan sulfate and efficiently transmit the virus to dendritic cells. J Exp Med 2009; 206: 2717-2733.
    • (2009) J Exp Med , vol.206 , pp. 2717-2733
    • Ceballos, A.1    Remes Lenicov, F.2
  • 22
    • 0026587543 scopus 로고
    • Cell-to-cell spread of HIV-1 occurs within minutes and may not involve the participation of virus particles
    • Sato H, Orenstein J, Dimitrov D, Martin M. Cell-to-cell spread of HIV-1 occurs within minutes and may not involve the participation of virus particles. Virology 1992; 186: 712-724.
    • (1992) Virology , vol.186 , pp. 712-724
    • Sato, H.1    Orenstein, J.2    Dimitrov, D.3    Martin, M.4
  • 24
    • 36049037370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predominant mode of human immunodeficiency virus transfer between T cells is mediated by sustained Env-dependent neutralization-resistant virological synapses
    • Chen P, Hübner W, Spinelli MA, Chen BK. Predominant mode of human immunodeficiency virus transfer between T cells is mediated by sustained Env-dependent neutralization-resistant virological synapses. J Virol 2007; 81: 12582-12595.
    • (2007) J Virol , vol.81 , pp. 12582-12595
    • Chen, P.1    Hübner, W.2    Spinelli, M.A.3    Chen, B.K.4
  • 25
    • 21644455405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propagation and dissemination of infection after vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus
    • Erratum in: J Virol 2005; 79(17): 11552. Wolinksy, Steven [corrected to Wolinsky, Steven].
    • Miller CJ, Li Q, Abel K, et al. Propagation and dissemination of infection after vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus. J Virol 2005; 79: 9217-9227. Erratum in: J Virol 2005; 79(17): 11552. Wolinksy, Steven [corrected to Wolinsky, Steven].
    • (2005) J Virol , vol.79 , pp. 9217-9227
    • Miller, C.J.1    Li, Q.2    Abel, K.3
  • 26
    • 0037206403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The innate and early immune response to pathogen challenge in the female genital tract and the pivotal role of epithelial cells
    • Quayle AJ. The innate and early immune response to pathogen challenge in the female genital tract and the pivotal role of epithelial cells. J Reprod Immunol 2002; 57: 61-79.
    • (2002) J Reprod Immunol , vol.57 , pp. 61-79
    • Quayle, A.J.1
  • 27
    • 70049117139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of treatment of asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis on HIV-1 shedding in the genital tract among women on antiretroviral therapy: a pilot study
    • Moreira C, Venkatesh KK, DeLong A, et al. Effect of treatment of asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis on HIV-1 shedding in the genital tract among women on antiretroviral therapy: a pilot study. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 49: 991-992.
    • (2009) Clin Infect Dis , vol.49 , pp. 991-992
    • Moreira, C.1    Venkatesh, K.K.2    DeLong, A.3
  • 28
    • 70350306659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is trapped by acidic but not by neutralized human cervicovaginal mucus
    • Lai SK, Hida K, Shukair S, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is trapped by acidic but not by neutralized human cervicovaginal mucus. J Virol 2009; 83: 11196-11200.
    • (2009) J Virol , vol.83 , pp. 11196-11200
    • Lai, S.K.1    Hida, K.2    Shukair, S.3
  • 29
    • 0037423819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent observations on HIV type-1 infection in the genital tract of men and women
    • Coombs RW, Reichelderfer PS, Landay AL. Recent observations on HIV type-1 infection in the genital tract of men and women. AIDS 2003; 17: 455-480.
    • (2003) AIDS , vol.17 , pp. 455-480
    • Coombs, R.W.1    Reichelderfer, P.S.2    Landay, A.L.3
  • 30
    • 49849099241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial vaginosis and HIV acquisition: a meta-analysis of published studies
    • Atashili J, Poole C, Ndumbe PM, Adimora AA, Smith JS. Bacterial vaginosis and HIV acquisition: a meta-analysis of published studies. AIDS 2008; 22: 1493-1501.
    • (2008) AIDS , vol.22 , pp. 1493-1501
    • Atashili, J.1    Poole, C.2    Ndumbe, P.M.3    Adimora, A.A.4    Smith, J.S.5
  • 31
    • 0028278098 scopus 로고
    • Leukocytes migrate through three-dimensional gels of midcycle cervical mucus
    • Parkhurst MR, Saltzman WM. Leukocytes migrate through three-dimensional gels of midcycle cervical mucus. Cell Immunol 1994; 156: 77-94.
    • (1994) Cell Immunol , vol.156 , pp. 77-94
    • Parkhurst, M.R.1    Saltzman, W.M.2
  • 32
    • 27644435540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low pH immobilizes and kills human leukocytes and prevents transmission of cell-associated HIV in a mouse model
    • Olmsted SS, Khanna KV, Ng EM, et al. Low pH immobilizes and kills human leukocytes and prevents transmission of cell-associated HIV in a mouse model. BMC Infect Dis 2005; 5: 79.
    • (2005) BMC Infect Dis , vol.5 , pp. 79
    • Olmsted, S.S.1    Khanna, K.V.2    Ng, E.M.3
  • 33
    • 0028973961 scopus 로고
    • The cofactor effect of genital ulcers on the per-exposure risk of HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa
    • Hayes RJ, Schulz KF, Plummer FA. The cofactor effect of genital ulcers on the per-exposure risk of HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. J Trop Med Hyg 1995; 98: 1-18.
    • (1995) J Trop Med Hyg , vol.98 , pp. 1-18
    • Hayes, R.J.1    Schulz, K.F.2    Plummer, F.A.3
  • 34
    • 48449099125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genital herpes has played a more important role than any other sexually transmitted infection in driving HIV prevalence in Africa
    • Abu-Raddad LJ, Magaret AS, Celum C, et al. Genital herpes has played a more important role than any other sexually transmitted infection in driving HIV prevalence in Africa. PLoS One 2008; 3: e2230.
    • (2008) PLoS One , vol.3
    • Abu-Raddad, L.J.1    Magaret, A.S.2    Celum, C.3
  • 35
    • 0036776324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory CD4(+) T cells are the earliest detectable human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected cells in the female genital mucosal tissue during HIV-1 transmission in an organ culture system
    • Gupta P, Collins KB, Ratner D, et al. Memory CD4(+) T cells are the earliest detectable human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected cells in the female genital mucosal tissue during HIV-1 transmission in an organ culture system. J Virol 2002; 76: 9868-9876.
    • (2002) J Virol , vol.76 , pp. 9868-9876
    • Gupta, P.1    Collins, K.B.2    Ratner, D.3
  • 36
    • 0031466811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression and function of CCR5 and CXCR4 on human Langerhans cells and macrophages: implications for HIV primary infection
    • Zaitseva M, Blauvelt A, Lee S, et al. Expression and function of CCR5 and CXCR4 on human Langerhans cells and macrophages: implications for HIV primary infection. Nat Med 1997; 3: 1369-1375.
    • (1997) Nat Med , vol.3 , pp. 1369-1375
    • Zaitseva, M.1    Blauvelt, A.2    Lee, S.3
  • 37
    • 70349422295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV type 1 infection in women: increased transcription of HIV type 1 in ectocervical tissue explants
    • Asin SN, Eszterhas SK, Rollenhagen C, Heimberg AM, Howell AL. HIV type 1 infection in women: increased transcription of HIV type 1 in ectocervical tissue explants. J Infect Dis 2009; 200: 965-972.
    • (2009) J Infect Dis , vol.200 , pp. 965-972
    • Asin, S.N.1    Eszterhas, S.K.2    Rollenhagen, C.3    Heimberg, A.M.4    Howell, A.L.5
  • 38
    • 0034598905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DC-SIGN, a dendritic cell-specific HIV-1-binding protein that enhances trans-infection of T cells
    • Geijtenbeek TB, Kwon DS, Torensma R, et al. DC-SIGN, a dendritic cell-specific HIV-1-binding protein that enhances trans-infection of T cells. Cell 2000; 100: 587-597.
    • (2000) Cell , vol.100 , pp. 587-597
    • Geijtenbeek, T.B.1    Kwon, D.S.2    Torensma, R.3
  • 39
    • 0036149902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of DC-SIGN by dendritic cells of intestinal and genital mucosae in humans and rhesus macaques
    • Jameson B, Baribaud F, Pöhlmann S, et al. Expression of DC-SIGN by dendritic cells of intestinal and genital mucosae in humans and rhesus macaques. J Virol 2002; 76: 1866-1875.
    • (2002) J Virol , vol.76 , pp. 1866-1875
    • Jameson, B.1    Baribaud, F.2    Pöhlmann, S.3
  • 40
    • 33847249013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial events in establishing vaginal entry and infection by human immunodeficiency virus type-1
    • Hladik F, Sakchalathorn P, Ballweber L, et al. Initial events in establishing vaginal entry and infection by human immunodeficiency virus type-1. Immunity 2007; 26: 257-270.
    • (2007) Immunity , vol.26 , pp. 257-270
    • Hladik, F.1    Sakchalathorn, P.2    Ballweber, L.3
  • 41
    • 33748918211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Young age is a risk factor for HIV among female sex workers-an experience from India
    • Sarkar K, Bal B, Mukherjee R, et al. Young age is a risk factor for HIV among female sex workers-an experience from India. J Infect 2006; 53: 255-259.
    • (2006) J Infect , vol.53 , pp. 255-259
    • Sarkar, K.1    Bal, B.2    Mukherjee, R.3
  • 42
    • 0035869104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cervical ectopy in adolescent girls with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection
    • Moscicki AB, Ma Y, Holland C, Vermund SH. Cervical ectopy in adolescent girls with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Infect Dis 2001; 183: 865-870.
    • (2001) J Infect Dis , vol.183 , pp. 865-870
    • Moscicki, A.B.1    Ma, Y.2    Holland, C.3    Vermund, S.H.4
  • 43
    • 0036172706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary intestinal epithelial cells selectively transfer R5 HIV-1 to CCR5+ cells
    • Meng G, Wei X, Wu X, et al. Primary intestinal epithelial cells selectively transfer R5 HIV-1 to CCR5+ cells. Nat Med 2002; 8: 150-156.
    • (2002) Nat Med , vol.8 , pp. 150-156
    • Meng, G.1    Wei, X.2    Wu, X.3
  • 44
    • 28444460441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, controlled intervention trial of male circumcision for reduction of HIV infection risk: the ANRS 1265 Trial
    • Erratum in: PLoS Med 2006; 3: e298.
    • Auvert B, Taljaard D, Lagarde E, Sobngwi-Tambekou J, Sitta R, Puren A. Randomized, controlled intervention trial of male circumcision for reduction of HIV infection risk: the ANRS 1265 Trial. PLoS Med 2005; 2: e298. Erratum in: PLoS Med 2006; 3: e298.
    • (2005) PLoS Med , vol.2
    • Auvert, B.1    Taljaard, D.2    Lagarde, E.3    Sobngwi-Tambekou, J.4    Sitta, R.5    Puren, A.6
  • 45
    • 33847151707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial
    • Bailey RC, Moses S, Parker CB, et al. Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2007; 369: 643-656.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.369 , pp. 643-656
    • Bailey, R.C.1    Moses, S.2    Parker, C.B.3
  • 46
    • 33847104829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda: a randomised trial
    • Gray RH, Kigozi G, Serwadda D, et al. Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda: a randomised trial. Lancet 2007; 369: 657-666.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.369 , pp. 657-666
    • Gray, R.H.1    Kigozi, G.2    Serwadda, D.3
  • 47
    • 48449084671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical oestrogen keratinises the human foreskin and may help prevent HIV infection
    • Pask AJ, McInnes KJ, Webb DR, Short RV. Topical oestrogen keratinises the human foreskin and may help prevent HIV infection. PLoS One 2008; 3: e2308.
    • (2008) PLoS One , vol.3
    • Pask, A.J.1    McInnes, K.J.2    Webb, D.R.3    Short, R.V.4
  • 48
    • 0029081161 scopus 로고
    • Comparative investigation of Langerhans' cells and potential receptors for HIV in oral, genitourinary and rectal epithelia
    • Hussain LA, Lehner T. Comparative investigation of Langerhans' cells and potential receptors for HIV in oral, genitourinary and rectal epithelia. Immunology 1995; 85: 475-484.
    • (1995) Immunology , vol.85 , pp. 475-484
    • Hussain, L.A.1    Lehner, T.2
  • 49
    • 0034732201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viral load and heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Rakai Project Study Group
    • Quinn TC, Wawer MJ, Sewankambo N, et al. Viral load and heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Rakai Project Study Group. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 921-929.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.342 , pp. 921-929
    • Quinn, T.C.1    Wawer, M.J.2    Sewankambo, N.3
  • 50
    • 0034826484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virologic and immunologic determinants of heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Africa
    • Fideli US, Allen SA, Musonda R, et al. Virologic and immunologic determinants of heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Africa. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2001; 17: 901-910.
    • (2001) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.17 , pp. 901-910
    • Fideli, U.S.1    Allen, S.A.2    Musonda, R.3
  • 51
    • 18144397438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycosylation variants with shorter V1-V2 loop sequences occurs during transmission of certain genetic subtypes and may impact viral RNA levels
    • Chohan B, Lang D, Sagar M, et al. Selection for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycosylation variants with shorter V1-V2 loop sequences occurs during transmission of certain genetic subtypes and may impact viral RNA levels. J Virol 2005; 79: 6528-6531.
    • (2005) J Virol , vol.79 , pp. 6528-6531
    • Chohan, B.1    Lang, D.2    Sagar, M.3
  • 52
    • 33846552274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of V1V2 and other human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope domains in resistance to autologous neutralization during clade C infection
    • Erratum in: J Virol 2007; 81: 12715.
    • Rong R, Bibollet-Ruche F, Mulenga J, Allen S, Blackwell JL, Derdeyn CA. Role of V1V2 and other human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope domains in resistance to autologous neutralization during clade C infection. J Virol 2007; 81: 1350-1359. Erratum in: J Virol 2007; 81: 12715.
    • (2007) J Virol , vol.81 , pp. 1350-1359
    • Rong, R.1    Bibollet-Ruche, F.2    Mulenga, J.3    Allen, S.4    Blackwell, J.L.5    Derdeyn, C.A.6
  • 53
    • 61849171106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection of HIV variants with signature genotypic characteristics during heterosexual transmission
    • Sagar M, Laeyendecker O, Lee S, et al. Selection of HIV variants with signature genotypic characteristics during heterosexual transmission. J Infect Dis 2009; 199: 580-589.
    • (2009) J Infect Dis , vol.199 , pp. 580-589
    • Sagar, M.1    Laeyendecker, O.2    Lee, S.3
  • 54
    • 33748925430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 V1-V2 envelope loop sequences expand and add glycosylation sites over the course of infection, and these modifications affect antibody neutralization sensitivity
    • Sagar M, Wu X, Lee S, Overbaugh J. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 V1-V2 envelope loop sequences expand and add glycosylation sites over the course of infection, and these modifications affect antibody neutralization sensitivity. J Virol 2006; 80: 9586-9598.
    • (2006) J Virol , vol.80 , pp. 9586-9598
    • Sagar, M.1    Wu, X.2    Lee, S.3    Overbaugh, J.4
  • 55
    • 0036888937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virus population homogenization following acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
    • Learn GH, Muthui D, Brodie SJ, et al. Virus population homogenization following acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J Virol 2002; 76: 11953-11959.
    • (2002) J Virol , vol.76 , pp. 11953-11959
    • Learn, G.H.1    Muthui, D.2    Brodie, S.J.3
  • 56
    • 41949124934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deciphering human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission and early envelope diversification by single-genome amplification and sequencing
    • Salazar-Gonzalez JF, Bailes E, Pham KT, et al. Deciphering human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission and early envelope diversification by single-genome amplification and sequencing. J Virol 2008; 82: 3952-3970.
    • (2008) J Virol , vol.82 , pp. 3952-3970
    • Salazar-Gonzalez, J.F.1    Bailes, E.2    Pham, K.T.3
  • 57
    • 44649102135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of transmitted and early founder virus envelopes in primary HIV-1 infection
    • Keele BF, Giorgi EE, Salazar-Gonzalez JF, et al. Identification and characterization of transmitted and early founder virus envelopes in primary HIV-1 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105: 7552-7557.
    • (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.105 , pp. 7552-7557
    • Keele, B.F.1    Giorgi, E.E.2    Salazar-Gonzalez, J.F.3
  • 58
    • 66049139947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic identity, biological phenotype, and evolutionary pathways of transmitted/founder viruses in acute and early HIV-1 infection
    • Salazar-Gonzalez JF, Salazar MG, Keele BF, et al. Genetic identity, biological phenotype, and evolutionary pathways of transmitted/founder viruses in acute and early HIV-1 infection. J Exp Med 2009; 206: 1273-1289.
    • (2009) J Exp Med , vol.206 , pp. 1273-1289
    • Salazar-Gonzalez, J.F.1    Salazar, M.G.2    Keele, B.F.3
  • 59
    • 64049089430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitating the multiplicity of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C reveals a non-poisson distribution of transmitted variants
    • Erratum in: J Virol 2009; 83: 6974.
    • Abrahams MR, Anderson JA, Giorgi EE, et al. Quantitating the multiplicity of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C reveals a non-poisson distribution of transmitted variants. J Virol 2009; 83: 3556-3567. Erratum in: J Virol 2009; 83: 6974.
    • (2009) J Virol , vol.83 , pp. 3556-3567
    • Abrahams, M.R.1    Anderson, J.A.2    Giorgi, E.E.3
  • 60
    • 59249096215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory genital infections mitigate a severe genetic bottleneck in heterosexual transmission of subtype A and C HIV-1
    • Haaland RE, Hawkins PA, Salazar-Gonzalez J, et al. Inflammatory genital infections mitigate a severe genetic bottleneck in heterosexual transmission of subtype A and C HIV-1. PLoS Pathog 2009; 5: e1000274.
    • (2009) PLoS Pathog , vol.5
    • Haaland, R.E.1    Hawkins, P.A.2    Salazar-Gonzalez, J.3
  • 61
    • 42549113127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 variation before seroconversion in men who have sex with men: analysis of acute/early HIV infection in the multicenter AIDS cohort study
    • Gottlieb GS, Heath L, Nickle DC, et al. HIV-1 variation before seroconversion in men who have sex with men: analysis of acute/early HIV infection in the multicenter AIDS cohort study. J Infect Dis 2008; 197: 1011-1015.
    • (2008) J Infect Dis , vol.197 , pp. 1011-1015
    • Gottlieb, G.S.1    Heath, L.2    Nickle, D.C.3
  • 62
    • 0026695382 scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 genomic RNA diversification following sexual and parenteral virus transmission
    • Wolfs TF, Zwart G, Bakker M, Goudsmit J. HIV-1 genomic RNA diversification following sexual and parenteral virus transmission. Virology 1992; 189: 103-110.
    • (1992) Virology , vol.189 , pp. 103-110
    • Wolfs, T.F.1    Zwart, G.2    Bakker, M.3    Goudsmit, J.4
  • 63
    • 0027229245 scopus 로고
    • Selection for specific sequences in the external envelope protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 upon primary infection
    • Zhang LQ, MacKenzie P, Cleland A, Holmes EC, Brown AJ, Simmonds P. Selection for specific sequences in the external envelope protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 upon primary infection. J Virol 1993; 67: 3345-3356.
    • (1993) J Virol , vol.67 , pp. 3345-3356
    • Zhang, L.Q.1    MacKenzie, P.2    Cleland, A.3    Holmes, E.C.4    Brown, A.J.5    Simmonds, P.6
  • 64
    • 0027422278 scopus 로고
    • Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of HIV-1 patients with primary infection
    • Zhu T, Mo H, Wang N, et al. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of HIV-1 patients with primary infection. Science 1993; 261: 1179-1181.
    • (1993) Science , vol.261 , pp. 1179-1181
    • Zhu, T.1    Mo, H.2    Wang, N.3
  • 65
    • 0029998895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in blood and genital secretions: evidence for viral compartmentalization and selection during sexual transmission
    • Zhu T, Wang N, Carr A, et al. Genetic characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in blood and genital secretions: evidence for viral compartmentalization and selection during sexual transmission. J Virol 1996; 70: 3098-3107.
    • (1996) J Virol , vol.70 , pp. 3098-3107
    • Zhu, T.1    Wang, N.2    Carr, A.3
  • 66
    • 12144289425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Envelope-constrained neutralization-sensitive HIV-1 after heterosexual transmission
    • Derdeyn CA, Decker JM, Bibollet-Ruche F, et al. Envelope-constrained neutralization-sensitive HIV-1 after heterosexual transmission. Science 2004; 303: 2019-2022.
    • (2004) Science , vol.303 , pp. 2019-2022
    • Derdeyn, C.A.1    Decker, J.M.2    Bibollet-Ruche, F.3
  • 67
    • 0028091755 scopus 로고
    • Macrophage-tropic variants initiate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection after sexual, parenteral, and vertical transmission
    • van't Wout AB, Kootstra NA, Mulder-Kampinga GA, et al. Macrophage-tropic variants initiate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection after sexual, parenteral, and vertical transmission. J Clin Invest 1994; 94: 2060-2067.
    • (1994) J Clin Invest , vol.94 , pp. 2060-2067
    • van't Wout, A.B.1    Kootstra, N.A.2    Mulder-Kampinga, G.A.3
  • 68
    • 40349083688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viral characteristics of transmitted HIV
    • Derdeyn CA, Hunter E. Viral characteristics of transmitted HIV. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2008; 3: 16-21.
    • (2008) Curr Opin HIV AIDS , vol.3 , pp. 16-21
    • Derdeyn, C.A.1    Hunter, E.2
  • 69
    • 77957901912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transmission of single HIV-1 genomes and dynamics of early immune escape revealed by ultra-deep sequencing
    • Fischer W, Ganusov VV, Giorgi EE, et al. Transmission of single HIV-1 genomes and dynamics of early immune escape revealed by ultra-deep sequencing. PLoS One 2010; 5: e12303.
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5
    • Fischer, W.1    Ganusov, V.V.2    Giorgi, E.E.3
  • 70
    • 4644300726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of HIV-1 dual infection and its association with increased viral load set point in a cohort of HIV-1 subtype C-infected female sex workers
    • Grobler J, Gray CM, Rademeyer C, et al. Incidence of HIV-1 dual infection and its association with increased viral load set point in a cohort of HIV-1 subtype C-infected female sex workers. J Infect Dis 2004; 190: 1355-1359.
    • (2004) J Infect Dis , vol.190 , pp. 1355-1359
    • Grobler, J.1    Gray, C.M.2    Rademeyer, C.3
  • 71
    • 0033978489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in HIV-1 diversity at time of infection
    • Long EM, Martin HL Jr, Kreiss JK, et al. Gender differences in HIV-1 diversity at time of infection. Nat Med 2000; 6: 71-75.
    • (2000) Nat Med , vol.6 , pp. 71-75
    • Long, E.M.1    Martin Jr, H.L.2    Kreiss, J.K.3
  • 72
    • 0036260635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV type 1 variants transmitted to women in Kenya require the CCR5 coreceptor for entry, regardless of the genetic complexity of the infecting virus
    • Long EM, Rainwater SM, Lavreys L, Mandaliya K, Overbaugh J. HIV type 1 variants transmitted to women in Kenya require the CCR5 coreceptor for entry, regardless of the genetic complexity of the infecting virus. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2002; 18: 567-576.
    • (2002) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.18 , pp. 567-576
    • Long, E.M.1    Rainwater, S.M.2    Lavreys, L.3    Mandaliya, K.4    Overbaugh, J.5
  • 73
    • 0028783755 scopus 로고
    • Diversity in virus populations from genital secretions and peripheral blood from women recently infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Poss M, Martin HL, Kreiss JK, et al. Diversity in virus populations from genital secretions and peripheral blood from women recently infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol 1995; 69: 8118-8122.
    • (1995) J Virol , vol.69 , pp. 8118-8122
    • Poss, M.1    Martin, H.L.2    Kreiss, J.K.3
  • 74
    • 4644296727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple V1/V2 env variants are frequently present during primary infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Ritola K, Pilcher CD, Fiscus SA, et al. Multiple V1/V2 env variants are frequently present during primary infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol 2004; 78: 11208-11218.
    • (2004) J Virol , vol.78 , pp. 11208-11218
    • Ritola, K.1    Pilcher, C.D.2    Fiscus, S.A.3
  • 75
    • 2942665473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) diversity at time of infection is not restricted to certain risk groups or specific HIV-1 subtypes
    • Sagar M, Kirkegaard E, Long EM, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) diversity at time of infection is not restricted to certain risk groups or specific HIV-1 subtypes. J Virol 2004; 78: 7279-7283.
    • (2004) J Virol , vol.78 , pp. 7279-7283
    • Sagar, M.1    Kirkegaard, E.2    Long, E.M.3
  • 76
    • 20244368227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rates of HIV-1 transmission per coital act, by stage of HIV-1 infection, in Rakai, Uganda
    • Wawer MJ, Gray RH, Sewankambo NK, et al. Rates of HIV-1 transmission per coital act, by stage of HIV-1 infection, in Rakai, Uganda. J Infect Dis 2005; 191: 1403-1409.
    • (2005) J Infect Dis , vol.191 , pp. 1403-1409
    • Wawer, M.J.1    Gray, R.H.2    Sewankambo, N.K.3
  • 77
    • 0033048098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual transmission of HIV: infectiousness and prevention
    • Vernazza PL, Eron JJ, Fiscus SA, Cohen MS. Sexual transmission of HIV: infectiousness and prevention. AIDS 1999; 13: 155-166.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 155-166
    • Vernazza, P.L.1    Eron, J.J.2    Fiscus, S.A.3    Cohen, M.S.4
  • 78
    • 17844374605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Massive infection and loss of memory CD4+ T cells in multiple tissues during acute SIV infection
    • Mattapallil JJ, Douek DC, Hill B, Nishimura Y, Martin M, Roederer M. Massive infection and loss of memory CD4+ T cells in multiple tissues during acute SIV infection. Nature 2005; 434: 1093-1097.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.434 , pp. 1093-1097
    • Mattapallil, J.J.1    Douek, D.C.2    Hill, B.3    Nishimura, Y.4    Martin, M.5    Roederer, M.6
  • 79
    • 33845532053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection
    • Brenchley JM, Price DA, Schacker TW, et al. Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection. Nat Med 2006; 12: 1365-1371.
    • (2006) Nat Med , vol.12 , pp. 1365-1371
    • Brenchley, J.M.1    Price, D.A.2    Schacker, T.W.3
  • 80
    • 77954051000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High multiplicity infection by HIV-1 in men who have sex with men
    • Li H, Bar KJ, Wang S, et al. High multiplicity infection by HIV-1 in men who have sex with men. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6: e1000890.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog , vol.6
    • Li, H.1    Bar, K.J.2    Wang, S.3
  • 81
    • 77952678708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wide variation in the multiplicity of HIV-1 infection among injection drug users
    • Bar KJ, Li H, Chamberland A, et al. Wide variation in the multiplicity of HIV-1 infection among injection drug users. J Virol 2010; 84: 6241-6247.
    • (2010) J Virol , vol.84 , pp. 6241-6247
    • Bar, K.J.1    Li, H.2    Chamberland, A.3
  • 82
    • 77953609218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual risk behaviour for transmission of HIV in men who have sex with men: recent findings and potential interventions
    • McDaid LM, Hart GJ. Sexual risk behaviour for transmission of HIV in men who have sex with men: recent findings and potential interventions. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2010; 5: 311-315.
    • (2010) Curr Opin HIV AIDS , vol.5 , pp. 311-315
    • McDaid, L.M.1    Hart, G.J.2
  • 84
    • 66049157864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose rectal inoculation of rhesus macaques by SIVsmE660 or SIVmac251 recapitulates human mucosal infection by HIV-1
    • Keele BF, Li H, Learn GH, et al. Low-dose rectal inoculation of rhesus macaques by SIVsmE660 or SIVmac251 recapitulates human mucosal infection by HIV-1. J Exp Med 2009; 206: 1117-1134.
    • (2009) J Exp Med , vol.206 , pp. 1117-1134
    • Keele, B.F.1    Li, H.2    Learn, G.H.3
  • 85
    • 78049442075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Historical perspective on HIV - exposed seronegative individuals: has nature done the experiment for us
    • Shearer G, Clerici M. Historical perspective on HIV - exposed seronegative individuals: has nature done the experiment for us? J Infect Dis 2010; 202 (Suppl 3): S329-S332.
    • (2010) J Infect Dis , vol.202 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Shearer, G.1    Clerici, M.2
  • 86
    • 0001633495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic restriction of HIV-1 infection and progression to AIDS by a deletion allele of the CKR5 structural gene. Hemophilia Growth and Development Study, Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study, San Francisco City Cohort, ALIVE Study
    • Erratum in: Science 1996; 274: 1069.
    • Dean M, Carrington M, Winkler C, et al. Genetic restriction of HIV-1 infection and progression to AIDS by a deletion allele of the CKR5 structural gene. Hemophilia Growth and Development Study, Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study, San Francisco City Cohort, ALIVE Study. Science 1996; 273: 1856-1862. Erratum in: Science 1996; 274: 1069.
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 1856-1862
    • Dean, M.1    Carrington, M.2    Winkler, C.3
  • 87
    • 16044373004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to HIV-1 infection in caucasian individuals bearing mutant alleles of the CCR-5 chemokine receptor gene
    • Samson M, Libert F, Doranz BJ, et al. Resistance to HIV-1 infection in caucasian individuals bearing mutant alleles of the CCR-5 chemokine receptor gene. Nature 1996; 382: 722-725.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 722-725
    • Samson, M.1    Libert, F.2    Doranz, B.J.3
  • 89
    • 77649174985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-retroviral activity of TRIM5 alpha
    • Nakayama EE, Shioda T. Anti-retroviral activity of TRIM5 alpha. Rev Med Virol 2010; 20: 77-92.
    • (2010) Rev Med Virol , vol.20 , pp. 77-92
    • Nakayama, E.E.1    Shioda, T.2
  • 90
    • 78049445926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of protection among HIV - exposed seronegative persons: an overview
    • Lederman MM, Alter G, Daskalakis DC, et al. Determinants of protection among HIV - exposed seronegative persons: an overview. J Infect Dis 2010; 202 (Suppl 3): S333-S338.
    • (2010) J Infect Dis , vol.202 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Lederman, M.M.1    Alter, G.2    Daskalakis, D.C.3
  • 91
    • 70449657764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elucidating the elite: mechanisms of control in HIV-1 infection
    • O'Connell KA, Bailey JR, Blankson JN. Elucidating the elite: mechanisms of control in HIV-1 infection. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2009; 30: 631-637.
    • (2009) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.30 , pp. 631-637
    • O'Connell, K.A.1    Bailey, J.R.2    Blankson, J.N.3
  • 92
    • 0033402209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity in HIV-exposed seronegative persons
    • Bernard NF, Yannakis CM, Lee JS, Tsoukas CM. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity in HIV-exposed seronegative persons. J Infect Dis 1999; 179: 538-547.
    • (1999) J Infect Dis , vol.179 , pp. 538-547
    • Bernard, N.F.1    Yannakis, C.M.2    Lee, J.S.3    Tsoukas, C.M.4
  • 93
    • 17144454549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in persons with repeated exposure: evidence for T cell immunity in the absence of inherited CCR5 coreceptor defects
    • Goh WC, Markee J, Akridge RE, et al. Protection against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in persons with repeated exposure: evidence for T cell immunity in the absence of inherited CCR5 coreceptor defects. J Infect Dis 1999; 179: 548-557.
    • (1999) J Infect Dis , vol.179 , pp. 548-557
    • Goh, W.C.1    Markee, J.2    Akridge, R.E.3
  • 94
    • 0032989686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1-specific mucosal IgA in a cohort of HIV-1-resistant Kenyan sex workers
    • Kaul R, Trabattoni D, Bwayo JJ, et al. HIV-1-specific mucosal IgA in a cohort of HIV-1-resistant Kenyan sex workers. AIDS 1999; 13: 23-29.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 23-29
    • Kaul, R.1    Trabattoni, D.2    Bwayo, J.J.3
  • 95
    • 34447527138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diaphragm and lubricant gel for prevention of HIV acquisition in southern African women: a randomised controlled trial
    • Padian NS, van der Straten A, Ramjee G, et al. Diaphragm and lubricant gel for prevention of HIV acquisition in southern African women: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2007; 370: 251-261.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.370 , pp. 251-261
    • Padian, N.S.1    van der Straten, A.2    Ramjee, G.3
  • 96
    • 0028113516 scopus 로고
    • The efficiency of male-to-female and female-to-male sexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus: a study of 730 stable couples. Italian Study Group on HIV Heterosexual Transmission
    • Nicolosi A, Corrêa Leite ML, Musicco M, Arici C, Gavazzeni G, Lazzarin A. The efficiency of male-to-female and female-to-male sexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus: a study of 730 stable couples. Italian Study Group on HIV Heterosexual Transmission. Epidemiology 1994; 5: 570-575.
    • (1994) Epidemiology , vol.5 , pp. 570-575
    • Nicolosi, A.1    Corrêa Leite, M.L.2    Musicco, M.3    Arici, C.4    Gavazzeni, G.5    Lazzarin, A.6
  • 97
    • 0029933108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of nonoxynol-9 from an in vitro point of view
    • Bourinbaiar AS, Fruhstorfer EC. The efficacy of nonoxynol-9 from an in vitro point of view. AIDS 1996; 10: 558-559.
    • (1996) AIDS , vol.10 , pp. 558-559
    • Bourinbaiar, A.S.1    Fruhstorfer, E.C.2
  • 98
    • 0037190597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of COL-1492, a nonoxynol-9 vaginal gel, on HIV-1 transmission in female sex workers: a randomised controlled trial
    • Van Damme L, Ramjee G, Alary M, et al. Effectiveness of COL-1492, a nonoxynol-9 vaginal gel, on HIV-1 transmission in female sex workers: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2002; 360: 971-977.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 971-977
    • Van Damme, L.1    Ramjee, G.2    Alary, M.3
  • 99
    • 0032552228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of nonoxynol 9 film to reduce male-to-female transmission of sexually transmitted diseases
    • Roddy RE, Zekeng L, Ryan KA, Tamoufé U, Weir SS, Wong EL. A controlled trial of nonoxynol 9 film to reduce male-to-female transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 504-510.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 504-510
    • Roddy, R.E.1    Zekeng, L.2    Ryan, K.A.3    Tamoufé, U.4    Weir, S.S.5    Wong, E.L.6
  • 100
    • 0032842752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase 1 trial of nonoxynol-9 film among sex workers in South Africa
    • Rustomjee R, Abdool Karim Q, Abdool Karim SS, Laga M, Stein Z. Phase 1 trial of nonoxynol-9 film among sex workers in South Africa. AIDS 1999; 13: 1511-1515.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 1511-1515
    • Rustomjee, R.1    Abdool Karim, Q.2    Abdool Karim, S.S.3    Laga, M.4    Stein, Z.5
  • 101
    • 33746646763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal microbicides: detecting toxicities in vivo that paradoxically increase pathogen transmission
    • Cone RA, Hoen T, Wong X, Abusuwwa R, Anderson DJ, Moench TR. Vaginal microbicides: detecting toxicities in vivo that paradoxically increase pathogen transmission. BMC Infect Dis 2006; 6: 90.
    • (2006) BMC Infect Dis , vol.6 , pp. 90
    • Cone, R.A.1    Hoen, T.2    Wong, X.3    Abusuwwa, R.4    Anderson, D.J.5    Moench, T.R.6
  • 102
    • 77951022974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of an in vitro dual-chamber model of the female genital tract as a screening tool for epithelial toxicity
    • Gali Y, Ariën KK, Praet M, et al. Development of an in vitro dual-chamber model of the female genital tract as a screening tool for epithelial toxicity. J Virol Methods 2010; 165: 186-197.
    • (2010) J Virol Methods , vol.165 , pp. 186-197
    • Gali, Y.1    Ariën, K.K.2    Praet, M.3
  • 103
    • 0027090044 scopus 로고
    • A non-antibiotic antimicrobial mixture (C31G): evaluation of the antimicrobial efficiency of C31G on vaginal cultures
    • Calis S, Yulug N, Sumnu M, Ayhan A, Hincal AA. A non-antibiotic antimicrobial mixture (C31G): evaluation of the antimicrobial efficiency of C31G on vaginal cultures. Boll Chim Farm 1992; 131: 335-338.
    • (1992) Boll Chim Farm , vol.131 , pp. 335-338
    • Calis, S.1    Yulug, N.2    Sumnu, M.3    Ayhan, A.4    Hincal, A.A.5
  • 104
    • 0032836802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by nonoxynol-9, C31G, or an alkyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate
    • Krebs FC, Miller SR, Malamud D, Howett MK, Wigdahl B. Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by nonoxynol-9, C31G, or an alkyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate. Antiviral Res 1999; 43: 157-173.
    • (1999) Antiviral Res , vol.43 , pp. 157-173
    • Krebs, F.C.1    Miller, S.R.2    Malamud, D.3    Howett, M.K.4    Wigdahl, B.5
  • 105
    • 0030972780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The microbicidal agent C31G inhibits chlamydia trachomatis infectivity in vitro
    • Wyrick PB, Knight ST, Gerbig DG Jr, et al. The microbicidal agent C31G inhibits chlamydia trachomatis infectivity in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41: 1335-1344.
    • (1997) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.41 , pp. 1335-1344
    • Wyrick, P.B.1    Knight, S.T.2    Gerbig Jr, D.G.3
  • 106
    • 0029894732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the anti-microbial agent C31G as a spermicide: comparison with nonoxynol-9
    • Thompson KA, Malamud D, Storey BT. Assessment of the anti-microbial agent C31G as a spermicide: comparison with nonoxynol-9. Contraception 1996; 53: 313-318.
    • (1996) Contraception , vol.53 , pp. 313-318
    • Thompson, K.A.1    Malamud, D.2    Storey, B.T.3
  • 108
    • 0036848251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of single daily use for one week of C31G HEC gel in women
    • Ballagh SA, Baker JM, Henry DM, Archer DF. Safety of single daily use for one week of C31G HEC gel in women. Contraception 2002; 66: 369-375.
    • (2002) Contraception , vol.66 , pp. 369-375
    • Ballagh, S.A.1    Baker, J.M.2    Henry, D.M.3    Archer, D.F.4
  • 109
    • 41849087248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAVVY vaginal gel (C31G) for prevention of HIV infection: a randomized controlled trial in Nigeria
    • Feldblum PJ, Adeiga A, Bakare R, et al. SAVVY vaginal gel (C31G) for prevention of HIV infection: a randomized controlled trial in Nigeria. PLoS One 2008; 3: e1474.
    • (2008) PLoS One , vol.3
    • Feldblum, P.J.1    Adeiga, A.2    Bakare, R.3
  • 110
    • 0036215206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium lauryl sulfate, a microbicide effective against enveloped and nonenveloped viruses
    • Piret J, Désormeaux A, Bergeron MG. Sodium lauryl sulfate, a microbicide effective against enveloped and nonenveloped viruses. Curr Drug Targets 2002; 3: 17-30.
    • (2002) Curr Drug Targets , vol.3 , pp. 17-30
    • Piret, J.1    Désormeaux, A.2    Bergeron, M.G.3
  • 111
    • 0037623729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoreversible gel formulation containing sodium lauryl sulfate as a potential contraceptive device
    • Haineault C, Gourde P, Perron S, et al. Thermoreversible gel formulation containing sodium lauryl sulfate as a potential contraceptive device. Biol Reprod 2003; 69: 687-694.
    • (2003) Biol Reprod , vol.69 , pp. 687-694
    • Haineault, C.1    Gourde, P.2    Perron, S.3
  • 112
    • 0035010666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoreversible gel formulations containing sodium lauryl sulfate or n-Lauroylsarcosine as potential topical microbicides against sexually transmitted diseases
    • Roy S, Gourde P, Piret J, et al. Thermoreversible gel formulations containing sodium lauryl sulfate or n-Lauroylsarcosine as potential topical microbicides against sexually transmitted diseases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45: 1671-1681.
    • (2001) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.45 , pp. 1671-1681
    • Roy, S.1    Gourde, P.2    Piret, J.3
  • 113
    • 70349987814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled safety and acceptability study of two Invisible Condom formulations in women from Cameroon
    • Mbopi-Keou FX, Trottier S, Omar RF, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled safety and acceptability study of two Invisible Condom formulations in women from Cameroon. Contraception 2009; 80: 484-492.
    • (2009) Contraception , vol.80 , pp. 484-492
    • Mbopi-Keou, F.X.1    Trottier, S.2    Omar, R.F.3
  • 114
    • 71449121884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II extended safety study of two Invisible Condom formulations in Cameroonian women
    • Mbopi-Keou FX, Trottier S, Omar RF, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II extended safety study of two Invisible Condom formulations in Cameroonian women. Contraception 2010; 81: 79-85.
    • (2010) Contraception , vol.81 , pp. 79-85
    • Mbopi-Keou, F.X.1    Trottier, S.2    Omar, R.F.3
  • 115
    • 0031970450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The vaginal microbial ecosystem and resistance to HIV
    • Hillier SL. The vaginal microbial ecosystem and resistance to HIV. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1998; 14 (Suppl 1): S17-S21.
    • (1998) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.14 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Hillier, S.L.1
  • 116
    • 0015611603 scopus 로고
    • Continuous measurement by radio-telemetry of vaginal pH during human coitus
    • Fox CA, Meldrum SJ, Watson BW. Continuous measurement by radio-telemetry of vaginal pH during human coitus. J Reprod Fertil 1973; 33: 69-75.
    • (1973) J Reprod Fertil , vol.33 , pp. 69-75
    • Fox, C.A.1    Meldrum, S.J.2    Watson, B.W.3
  • 117
    • 0030978444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo semen-associated pH neutralization of cervicovaginal secretions
    • Tevi-Bénissan C, Bélec L, Lévy M, et al. In vivo semen-associated pH neutralization of cervicovaginal secretions. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1997; 4: 367-374.
    • (1997) Clin Diagn Lab Immunol , vol.4 , pp. 367-374
    • Tevi-Bénissan, C.1    Bélec, L.2    Lévy, M.3
  • 118
    • 0034021519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rate at which human sperm are immobilized and killed by mild acidity
    • Olmsted SS, Dubin NH, Cone RA, Moench TR. The rate at which human sperm are immobilized and killed by mild acidity. Fertil Steril 2000; 73: 687-693.
    • (2000) Fertil Steril , vol.73 , pp. 687-693
    • Olmsted, S.S.1    Dubin, N.H.2    Cone, R.A.3    Moench, T.R.4
  • 120
    • 0023845364 scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of inactivation of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 by commonly used antiseptic agents
    • Croughan WS, Behbehani AM. Comparative study of inactivation of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 by commonly used antiseptic agents. J Clin Microbiol 1988; 26: 213-215.
    • (1988) J Clin Microbiol , vol.26 , pp. 213-215
    • Croughan, W.S.1    Behbehani, A.M.2
  • 121
    • 0036843332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbicide efficacy and toxicity tests in a mouse model for vaginal transmission of Chlamydia trachomatis
    • Achilles SL, Shete PB, Whaley KJ, Moench TR, Cone RA. Microbicide efficacy and toxicity tests in a mouse model for vaginal transmission of Chlamydia trachomatis. Sex Transm Dis 2002; 29: 655-664.
    • (2002) Sex Transm Dis , vol.29 , pp. 655-664
    • Achilles, S.L.1    Shete, P.B.2    Whaley, K.J.3    Moench, T.R.4    Cone, R.A.5
  • 122
    • 0035144537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase 1 trial of the topical microbicide BufferGel: safety results from four international sites
    • van De Wijgert J, Fullem A, Kelly C, et al. Phase 1 trial of the topical microbicide BufferGel: safety results from four international sites. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2001; 26: 21-27.
    • (2001) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.26 , pp. 21-27
    • van De Wijgert, J.1    Fullem, A.2    Kelly, C.3
  • 123
    • 0035112881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and tolerability of BufferGel, a novel vaginal microbicide, in women in the United States
    • Mayer KH, Peipert J, Fleming T, et al. Safety and tolerability of BufferGel, a novel vaginal microbicide, in women in the United States. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32: 476-482.
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.32 , pp. 476-482
    • Mayer, K.H.1    Peipert, J.2    Fleming, T.3
  • 124
    • 0038298321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and acceptability of penile application of 2 candidate topical microbicides: BufferGel and PRO 2000 Gel: 3 randomized trials in healthy low-risk men and HIV-positive men
    • Erratum in: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003; 34: 118.
    • Tabet SR, Callahan MM, Mauck CK, et al. Safety and acceptability of penile application of 2 candidate topical microbicides: BufferGel and PRO 2000 Gel: 3 randomized trials in healthy low-risk men and HIV-positive men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003; 33: 476-483. Erratum in: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003; 34: 118.
    • (2003) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.33 , pp. 476-483
    • Tabet, S.R.1    Callahan, M.M.2    Mauck, C.K.3
  • 126
    • 0342948834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of the vaginal tolerance to Acidform, an acid-buffering, bioadhesive gel
    • Amaral E, Faúndes A, Zaneveld L, Waller D, Garg S. Study of the vaginal tolerance to Acidform, an acid-buffering, bioadhesive gel. Contraception 1999; 60: 361-366.
    • (1999) Contraception , vol.60 , pp. 361-366
    • Amaral, E.1    Faúndes, A.2    Zaneveld, L.3    Waller, D.4    Garg, S.5
  • 127
    • 33646049659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal safety after use of a bioadhesive, acid-buffering, microbicidal contraceptive gel (ACIDFORM) and a 2% nonoxynol-9 product
    • Amaral E, Perdigao A, Souza MH, et al. Vaginal safety after use of a bioadhesive, acid-buffering, microbicidal contraceptive gel (ACIDFORM) and a 2% nonoxynol-9 product. Contraception 2006; 73: 542-547.
    • (2006) Contraception , vol.73 , pp. 542-547
    • Amaral, E.1    Perdigao, A.2    Souza, M.H.3
  • 128
    • 33748419209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACIDFORM inactivates herpes simplex virus and prevents genital herpes in a mouse model: optimal candidate for microbicide combinations
    • Tuyama AC, Cheshenko N, Carlucci MJ, et al. ACIDFORM inactivates herpes simplex virus and prevents genital herpes in a mouse model: optimal candidate for microbicide combinations. J Infect Dis 2006; 194: 795-803.
    • (2006) J Infect Dis , vol.194 , pp. 795-803
    • Tuyama, A.C.1    Cheshenko, N.2    Carlucci, M.J.3
  • 129
    • 36349021921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase I safety trial of two vaginal microbicide gels (Acidform or BufferGel) used with a diaphragm compared to KY jelly used with a diaphragm
    • Williams DL, Newman DR, Ballagh SA, et al. Phase I safety trial of two vaginal microbicide gels (Acidform or BufferGel) used with a diaphragm compared to KY jelly used with a diaphragm. Sex Transm Dis 2007; 34: 977-984.
    • (2007) Sex Transm Dis , vol.34 , pp. 977-984
    • Williams, D.L.1    Newman, D.R.2    Ballagh, S.A.3
  • 130
    • 53749084426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal microbicide and diaphragm use for sexually transmitted infection prevention: a randomized acceptability and feasibility study among high-risk women in Madagascar
    • Behets FM, Turner AN, Van Damme K, et al. Vaginal microbicide and diaphragm use for sexually transmitted infection prevention: a randomized acceptability and feasibility study among high-risk women in Madagascar. Sex Transm Dis 2008; 35: 818-826.
    • (2008) Sex Transm Dis , vol.35 , pp. 818-826
    • Behets, F.M.1    Turner, A.N.2    Van Damme, K.3
  • 131
    • 76349113580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of a safety and feasibility study of the diaphragm used with ACIDFORM Gel or K-Y Jelly
    • von Mollendorf CE, Van Damme L, Moyes JA, et al. Results of a safety and feasibility study of the diaphragm used with ACIDFORM Gel or K-Y Jelly. Contraception 2010; 81: 232-239.
    • (2010) Contraception , vol.81 , pp. 232-239
    • von Mollendorf, C.E.1    Van Damme, L.2    Moyes, J.A.3
  • 133
    • 0037936772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA fingerprinting of Lactobacillus crispatus strain CTV-05 by repetitive element sequence-based PCR analysis in a pilot study of vaginal colonization
    • Antonio MA, Hillier SL. DNA fingerprinting of Lactobacillus crispatus strain CTV-05 by repetitive element sequence-based PCR analysis in a pilot study of vaginal colonization. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41: 1881-1887.
    • (2003) J Clin Microbiol , vol.41 , pp. 1881-1887
    • Antonio, M.A.1    Hillier, S.L.2
  • 135
    • 0141816744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of HIV infectivity by a natural human isolate of Lactobacillus jensenii engineered to express functional two-domain CD4
    • Chang TL, Chang CH, Simpson DA, et al. Inhibition of HIV infectivity by a natural human isolate of Lactobacillus jensenii engineered to express functional two-domain CD4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100: 11672-11677.
    • (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.100 , pp. 11672-11677
    • Chang, T.L.1    Chang, C.H.2    Simpson, D.A.3
  • 136
    • 24644446235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a live microbial microbicide for HIV: commensal bacteria secreting an HIV fusion inhibitor peptide
    • Rao S, Hu S, McHugh L, et al. Toward a live microbial microbicide for HIV: commensal bacteria secreting an HIV fusion inhibitor peptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102: 11993-11998.
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.102 , pp. 11993-11998
    • Rao, S.1    Hu, S.2    McHugh, L.3
  • 137
    • 33845408482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of HIV entry and fusion inhibitors expressed by the human vaginal colonizing probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14
    • Liu JJ, Reid G, Jiang Y, Turner MS, Tsai CC. Activity of HIV entry and fusion inhibitors expressed by the human vaginal colonizing probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14. Cell Microbiol 2007; 9: 120-130.
    • (2007) Cell Microbiol , vol.9 , pp. 120-130
    • Liu, J.J.1    Reid, G.2    Jiang, Y.3    Turner, M.S.4    Tsai, C.C.5
  • 138
    • 77950629248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antiviral protein cyanovirin-N: the current state of its production and applications
    • Xiong S, Fan J, Kitazato K. The antiviral protein cyanovirin-N: the current state of its production and applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 86: 805-812.
    • (2010) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol , vol.86 , pp. 805-812
    • Xiong, S.1    Fan, J.2    Kitazato, K.3
  • 139
  • 140
    • 39749134999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of HIV and other sexually transmissible infections in relation to lemon or lime juice douching among female sex workers in Jos, Nigeria
    • Imade G, Sagay A, Egah D, et al. Prevalence of HIV and other sexually transmissible infections in relation to lemon or lime juice douching among female sex workers in Jos, Nigeria. Sex Health 2008; 5: 55-60.
    • (2008) Sex Health , vol.5 , pp. 55-60
    • Imade, G.1    Sagay, A.2    Egah, D.3
  • 142
    • 77955880516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genital tract abnormalities among female sex workers who douche with lemon/lime juice in Nigeria
    • Sagay AS, Imade GE, Onwuliri V, et al. Genital tract abnormalities among female sex workers who douche with lemon/lime juice in Nigeria. Afr J Reprod Health 2009; 13: 37-45.
    • (2009) Afr J Reprod Health , vol.13 , pp. 37-45
    • Sagay, A.S.1    Imade, G.E.2    Onwuliri, V.3
  • 143
    • 0023912916 scopus 로고
    • Dextran sulfate suppression of viruses in the HIV family: inhibition of virion binding to CD4+ cells
    • Mitsuya H, Looney DJ, Kuno S, Ueno R, Wong-Staal F, Broder S. Dextran sulfate suppression of viruses in the HIV family: inhibition of virion binding to CD4+ cells. Science 1988; 240: 646-649.
    • (1988) Science , vol.240 , pp. 646-649
    • Mitsuya, H.1    Looney, D.J.2    Kuno, S.3    Ueno, R.4    Wong-Staal, F.5    Broder, S.6
  • 144
    • 0033920212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective interactions of polyanions with basic surfaces on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120
    • Moulard M, Lortat-Jacob H, Mondor I, et al. Selective interactions of polyanions with basic surfaces on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120. J Virol 2000; 74: 1948-1960.
    • (2000) J Virol , vol.74 , pp. 1948-1960
    • Moulard, M.1    Lortat-Jacob, H.2    Mondor, I.3
  • 145
    • 29744466672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PRO 2000 gel inhibits HIV and herpes simplex virus infection following vaginal application: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial
    • Keller MJ, Zerhouni-Layachi B, Cheshenko N, et al. PRO 2000 gel inhibits HIV and herpes simplex virus infection following vaginal application: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. J Infect Dis 2006; 193: 27-35.
    • (2006) J Infect Dis , vol.193 , pp. 27-35
    • Keller, M.J.1    Zerhouni-Layachi, B.2    Cheshenko, N.3
  • 146
    • 0034059527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase I study of a novel potential intravaginal microbicide, PRO 2000, in healthy sexually inactive women
    • Van Damme L, Wright A, Depraetere K, et al. A phase I study of a novel potential intravaginal microbicide, PRO 2000, in healthy sexually inactive women. Sex Transm Infect 2000; 76: 126-130.
    • (2000) Sex Transm Infect , vol.76 , pp. 126-130
    • Van Damme, L.1    Wright, A.2    Depraetere, K.3
  • 147
    • 0037436284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and tolerability of vaginal PRO 2000 gel in sexually active HIV-uninfected and abstinent HIV-infected women
    • Mayer KH, Karim SA, Kelly C, et al. Safety and tolerability of vaginal PRO 2000 gel in sexually active HIV-uninfected and abstinent HIV-infected women. AIDS 2003; 17: 321-329.
    • (2003) AIDS , vol.17 , pp. 321-329
    • Mayer, K.H.1    Karim, S.A.2    Kelly, C.3
  • 148
    • 33645366738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Documenting intermenstrual bleeding in a vaginal microbicide study: case reports and lessons learned
    • Joshi S, Dutta S, Bell B, et al. Documenting intermenstrual bleeding in a vaginal microbicide study: case reports and lessons learned. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2006; 22: 294-296.
    • (2006) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.22 , pp. 294-296
    • Joshi, S.1    Dutta, S.2    Bell, B.3
  • 149
    • 77958104207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PRO2000 vaginal gel for prevention of HIV-1 infection (Microbicides Development Programme 301): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial
    • McCormack S, Ramjee G, Kamali A, et al. PRO2000 vaginal gel for prevention of HIV-1 infection (Microbicides Development Programme 301): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial. Lancet 2010; 376: 1329-1337.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.376 , pp. 1329-1337
    • McCormack, S.1    Ramjee, G.2    Kamali, A.3
  • 150
    • 0041360150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carrageenan formulation prevents macrophage trafficking from vagina: implications for microbicide development
    • Perotti ME, Pirovano A, Phillips DM. Carrageenan formulation prevents macrophage trafficking from vagina: implications for microbicide development. Biol Reprod 2003; 69: 933-939.
    • (2003) Biol Reprod , vol.69 , pp. 933-939
    • Perotti, M.E.1    Pirovano, A.2    Phillips, D.M.3
  • 151
    • 0034530226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary safety and acceptability of a carrageenan gel for possible use as a vaginal microbicide
    • Coggins C, Blanchard K, Alvarez F, et al. Preliminary safety and acceptability of a carrageenan gel for possible use as a vaginal microbicide. Sex Transm Infect 2000; 76: 480-483.
    • (2000) Sex Transm Infect , vol.76 , pp. 480-483
    • Coggins, C.1    Blanchard, K.2    Alvarez, F.3
  • 152
    • 38649090090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No increase in cervicovaginal proinflammatory cytokines after Carraguard use in a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial
    • Bollen LJ, Blanchard K, Kilmarx PH, et al. No increase in cervicovaginal proinflammatory cytokines after Carraguard use in a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2008; 47: 253-257.
    • (2008) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.47 , pp. 253-257
    • Bollen, L.J.1    Blanchard, K.2    Kilmarx, P.H.3
  • 153
  • 154
    • 33750562573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and acceptability of the candidate microbicide Carraguard in Thai Women: findings from a Phase II Clinical Trial
    • Kilmarx PH, van de Wijgert JH, Chaikummao S, et al. Safety and acceptability of the candidate microbicide Carraguard in Thai Women: findings from a Phase II Clinical Trial. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2006; 43: 327-334.
    • (2006) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.43 , pp. 327-334
    • Kilmarx, P.H.1    van de Wijgert, J.H.2    Chaikummao, S.3
  • 155
    • 33745216146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbicide trials for preventing HIV/AIDS in South Africa: phase II trial partricipants' experiences and psychological needs
    • Pistorius AG, van de Wijgert JH, Sebola M, et al. Microbicide trials for preventing HIV/AIDS in South Africa: phase II trial partricipants' experiences and psychological needs. SAHARA J 2004; 1: 78-86.
    • (2004) SAHARA J , vol.1 , pp. 78-86
    • Pistorius, A.G.1    van de Wijgert, J.H.2    Sebola, M.3
  • 156
    • 0031935084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulfated polysaccharides and a synthetic sulfated polymer are potent inhibitors of Chlamydia trachomatis infectivity in vitro but lack protective efficacy in an in vivo murine model of chlamydial genital tract infection
    • Su H, Caldwell HD. Sulfated polysaccharides and a synthetic sulfated polymer are potent inhibitors of Chlamydia trachomatis infectivity in vitro but lack protective efficacy in an in vivo murine model of chlamydial genital tract infection. Infect Immun 1998; 66: 1258-1260.
    • (1998) Infect Immun , vol.66 , pp. 1258-1260
    • Su, H.1    Caldwell, H.D.2
  • 157
    • 0035991999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two novel vaginal microbicides (polystyrene sulfonate and cellulose sulfate) inhibit Gardnerella vaginalis and anaerobes commonly associated with bacterial vaginosis
    • Simoes JA, Citron DM, Aroutcheva A, et al. Two novel vaginal microbicides (polystyrene sulfonate and cellulose sulfate) inhibit Gardnerella vaginalis and anaerobes commonly associated with bacterial vaginosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46: 2692-2695.
    • (2002) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.46 , pp. 2692-2695
    • Simoes, J.A.1    Citron, D.M.2    Aroutcheva, A.3
  • 158
    • 0035180107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Papillomavirus microbicidal activities of high-molecular-weight cellulose sulfate, dextran sulfate, and polystyrene sulfonate
    • Christensen ND, Reed CA, Culp TD, et al. Papillomavirus microbicidal activities of high-molecular-weight cellulose sulfate, dextran sulfate, and polystyrene sulfonate. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45: 3427-3432.
    • (2001) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.45 , pp. 3427-3432
    • Christensen, N.D.1    Reed, C.A.2    Culp, T.D.3
  • 159
    • 0036217080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preclinical evaluation of sodium cellulose sulfate (Ushercell) as a contraceptive antimicrobial agent
    • Anderson RA, Feathergill KA, Diao XH, et al. Preclinical evaluation of sodium cellulose sulfate (Ushercell) as a contraceptive antimicrobial agent. J Androl 2002; 23: 426-438.
    • (2002) J Androl , vol.23 , pp. 426-438
    • Anderson, R.A.1    Feathergill, K.A.2    Diao, X.H.3
  • 160
    • 24144438231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candidate sulfonated and sulfated topical microbicides: comparison of anti-human immunodeficiency virus activities and mechanisms of action
    • Scordi-Bello IA, Mosoian A, He C, et al. Candidate sulfonated and sulfated topical microbicides: comparison of anti-human immunodeficiency virus activities and mechanisms of action. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49: 3607-3615.
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 3607-3615
    • Scordi-Bello, I.A.1    Mosoian, A.2    He, C.3
  • 161
    • 0035709299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single and multiple exposure tolerance study of cellulose sulfate gel: a Phase I safety and colposcopy study
    • Mauck C, Weiner DH, Ballagh S, et al. Single and multiple exposure tolerance study of cellulose sulfate gel: a Phase I safety and colposcopy study. Contraception 2001; 64: 383-391.
    • (2001) Contraception , vol.64 , pp. 383-391
    • Mauck, C.1    Weiner, D.H.2    Ballagh, S.3
  • 162
  • 163
    • 33646888228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and acceptability of cellulose sulfate as a vaginal microbicide in HIV-infected women
    • El-Sadr WM, Mayer KH, Maslankowski L, et al. Safety and acceptability of cellulose sulfate as a vaginal microbicide in HIV-infected women. AIDS 2006; 20: 1109-1116.
    • (2006) AIDS , vol.20 , pp. 1109-1116
    • El-Sadr, W.M.1    Mayer, K.H.2    Maslankowski, L.3
  • 164
    • 33745948610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fourteen-day safety and acceptability study of 6% cellulose sulfate gel: a randomized double-blind Phase I safety study
    • Schwartz JL, Mauck C, Lai JJ, et al. Fourteen-day safety and acceptability study of 6% cellulose sulfate gel: a randomized double-blind Phase I safety study. Contraception 2006; 74: 133-140.
    • (2006) Contraception , vol.74 , pp. 133-140
    • Schwartz, J.L.1    Mauck, C.2    Lai, J.J.3
  • 165
    • 34250873859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety trial of the vaginal microbicide cellulose sulfate gel in HIV-positive men
    • Jespers V, Buvé A, Van Damme L. Safety trial of the vaginal microbicide cellulose sulfate gel in HIV-positive men. Sex Transm Dis 2007; 34: 519-522.
    • (2007) Sex Transm Dis , vol.34 , pp. 519-522
    • Jespers, V.1    Buvé, A.2    Van Damme, L.3
  • 166
    • 27944510206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanded Phase I safety and acceptability study of 6% cellulose sulfate vaginal gel
    • Malonza IM, Mirembe F, Nakabiito C, et al. Expanded Phase I safety and acceptability study of 6% cellulose sulfate vaginal gel. AIDS 2005; 19: 2157-2163.
    • (2005) AIDS , vol.19 , pp. 2157-2163
    • Malonza, I.M.1    Mirembe, F.2    Nakabiito, C.3
  • 167
    • 48249154985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of effectiveness of cellulose sulfate gel for the prevention of vaginal HIV transmission
    • Van Damme L, Govinden R, Mirembe FM, et al. Lack of effectiveness of cellulose sulfate gel for the prevention of vaginal HIV transmission. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 463-472.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , pp. 463-472
    • Van Damme, L.1    Govinden, R.2    Mirembe, F.M.3
  • 168
    • 57049159412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of cellulose sulfate vaginal gel for the prevention of HIV infection: results of a Phase III trial in Nigeria
    • Halpern V, Ogunsola F, Obunge O, et al. Effectiveness of cellulose sulfate vaginal gel for the prevention of HIV infection: results of a Phase III trial in Nigeria. PLoS One 2008; 3: e3784.
    • (2008) PLoS One , vol.3
    • Halpern, V.1    Ogunsola, F.2    Obunge, O.3
  • 169
    • 2942627489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellulose acetate phthalate, a common pharmaceutical excipient, inactivates HIV-1 and blocks the coreceptor binding site on the virus envelope glycoprotein gp120
    • Neurath AR, Strick N, Li YY, Debnath AK. Cellulose acetate phthalate, a common pharmaceutical excipient, inactivates HIV-1 and blocks the coreceptor binding site on the virus envelope glycoprotein gp120. BMC Infect Dis 2001; 1: 17.
    • (2001) BMC Infect Dis , vol.1 , pp. 17
    • Neurath, A.R.1    Strick, N.2    Li, Y.Y.3    Debnath, A.K.4
  • 170
    • 33646891072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellulose acetate 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate inhibits infection by cell-free and cell-associated primary HIV-1 isolates
    • Lu H, Zhao Q, Wallace G, et al. Cellulose acetate 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylate inhibits infection by cell-free and cell-associated primary HIV-1 isolates. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2006; 22: 411-418.
    • (2006) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.22 , pp. 411-418
    • Lu, H.1    Zhao, Q.2    Wallace, G.3
  • 171
    • 2942622122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-HIV-1 activity of cellulose acetate phthalate: synergy with soluble CD4 and induction of 'dead-end' gp41 six-helix bundles
    • Neurath AR, Strick N, Jiang S, Li YY, Debnath AK. Anti-HIV-1 activity of cellulose acetate phthalate: synergy with soluble CD4 and induction of 'dead-end' gp41 six-helix bundles. BMC Infect Dis 2002; 2: 6.
    • (2002) BMC Infect Dis , vol.2 , pp. 6
    • Neurath, A.R.1    Strick, N.2    Jiang, S.3    Li, Y.Y.4    Debnath, A.K.5
  • 172
    • 27144532234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellulose acetate 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate protects against challenge with pathogenic X4 and R5 simian/human immunodeficiency virus
    • Boadi T, Schneider E, Chung S, et al. Cellulose acetate 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylate protects against challenge with pathogenic X4 and R5 simian/human immunodeficiency virus. AIDS 2005; 19: 1587-1594.
    • (2005) AIDS , vol.19 , pp. 1587-1594
    • Boadi, T.1    Schneider, E.2    Chung, S.3
  • 173
    • 19944428117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple vaginal exposures to low doses of R5 simian-human immunodeficiency virus: strategy to study HIV preclinical interventions in nonhuman primates
    • Otten RA, Adams DR, Kim CN, et al. Multiple vaginal exposures to low doses of R5 simian-human immunodeficiency virus: strategy to study HIV preclinical interventions in nonhuman primates. J Infect Dis 2005; 191: 164-173.
    • (2005) J Infect Dis , vol.191 , pp. 164-173
    • Otten, R.A.1    Adams, D.R.2    Kim, C.N.3
  • 174
    • 27144549716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and distribution of cellulose acetate 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate (CAP), a candidate anti-HIV microbicide in rhesus macaques
    • Ratterree M, Gettie A, Williams V, et al. Safety and distribution of cellulose acetate 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylate (CAP), a candidate anti-HIV microbicide in rhesus macaques. AIDS 2005; 19: 1595-1599.
    • (2005) AIDS , vol.19 , pp. 1595-1599
    • Ratterree, M.1    Gettie, A.2    Williams, V.3
  • 175
    • 18244385201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination of candidate microbicides cellulose acetate 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate and UC781 has synergistic and complementary effects against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
    • Liu S, Lu H, Neurath AR, Jiang S. Combination of candidate microbicides cellulose acetate 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylate and UC781 has synergistic and complementary effects against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49: 1830-1836.
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 1830-1836
    • Liu, S.1    Lu, H.2    Neurath, A.R.3    Jiang, S.4
  • 176
    • 77957870262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure activity relationship of dendrimer microbicides with dual action antiviral activity
    • Tyssen D, Henderson SA, Johnson A, et al. Structure activity relationship of dendrimer microbicides with dual action antiviral activity. PLoS One 2010; 5: e12309.
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5
    • Tyssen, D.1    Henderson, S.A.2    Johnson, A.3
  • 177
    • 77957371320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a dendrimeric heparan sulfate-binding peptide that inhibits infectivity of genital types of human papillomaviruses
    • Donalisio M, Rusnati M, Civra A, et al. Identification of a dendrimeric heparan sulfate-binding peptide that inhibits infectivity of genital types of human papillomaviruses. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54: 4290-4299.
    • (2010) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 4290-4299
    • Donalisio, M.1    Rusnati, M.2    Civra, A.3
  • 178
    • 77952014136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Viologen' dendrimers as antiviral agents: the effect of charge number and distance
    • Asaftei S, De Clercq E. 'Viologen' dendrimers as antiviral agents: the effect of charge number and distance. J Med Chem 2010; 53: 3480-3488.
    • (2010) J Med Chem , vol.53 , pp. 3480-3488
    • Asaftei, S.1    De Clercq, E.2
  • 179
    • 76949084904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peptide-derivatized dendrimers inhibit human cytomegalovirus infection by blocking virus binding to cell surface heparan sulfate
    • Luganini A, Giuliani A, Pirri G, Pizzuto L, Landolfo S, Gribaudo G. Peptide-derivatized dendrimers inhibit human cytomegalovirus infection by blocking virus binding to cell surface heparan sulfate. Antiviral Res 2010; 85: 532-540.
    • (2010) Antiviral Res , vol.85 , pp. 532-540
    • Luganini, A.1    Giuliani, A.2    Pirri, G.3    Pizzuto, L.4    Landolfo, S.5    Gribaudo, G.6
  • 180
    • 67349101763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycerol monolaurate prevents mucosal SIV transmission
    • Li Q, Estes JD, Schlievert PM, et al. Glycerol monolaurate prevents mucosal SIV transmission. Nature 2009; 458: 1034-1038.
    • (2009) Nature , vol.458 , pp. 1034-1038
    • Li, Q.1    Estes, J.D.2    Schlievert, P.M.3
  • 181
    • 77949409948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting early infection to prevent HIV-1 mucosal transmission
    • Haase AT. Targeting early infection to prevent HIV-1 mucosal transmission. Nature 2010; 464: 217-223.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.464 , pp. 217-223
    • Haase, A.T.1
  • 182
    • 0034004857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variable sensitivity of CCR5-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates to inhibition by RANTES analogs
    • Torre VS, Marozsan AJ, Albright JL, et al. Variable sensitivity of CCR5-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates to inhibition by RANTES analogs. J Virol 2000; 74: 4868-4876.
    • (2000) J Virol , vol.74 , pp. 4868-4876
    • Torre, V.S.1    Marozsan, A.J.2    Albright, J.L.3
  • 183
    • 3142749905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PSC-RANTES blocks R5 human immunodeficiency virus infection of Langerhans cells isolated from individuals with a variety of CCR5 diplotypes
    • Erratum in: J Virol 2004; 78: 10837.
    • Kawamura T, Bruse SE, Abraha A, et al. PSC-RANTES blocks R5 human immunodeficiency virus infection of Langerhans cells isolated from individuals with a variety of CCR5 diplotypes. J Virol 2004; 78: 7602-7609. Erratum in: J Virol 2004; 78: 10837.
    • (2004) J Virol , vol.78 , pp. 7602-7609
    • Kawamura, T.1    Bruse, S.E.2    Abraha, A.3
  • 184
    • 0038153897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R5 HIV productively infects Langerhans cells, and infection levels are regulated by compound CCR5 polymorphisms
    • Kawamura T, Gulden FO, Sugaya M, et al. R5 HIV productively infects Langerhans cells, and infection levels are regulated by compound CCR5 polymorphisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100: 8401-8406.
    • (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.100 , pp. 8401-8406
    • Kawamura, T.1    Gulden, F.O.2    Sugaya, M.3
  • 185
    • 5644247983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of vaginal SHIV transmission in rhesus macaques through inhibition of CCR5
    • Lederman MM, Veazey RS, Offord R, et al. Prevention of vaginal SHIV transmission in rhesus macaques through inhibition of CCR5. Science 2004; 306: 485-487.
    • (2004) Science , vol.306 , pp. 485-487
    • Lederman, M.M.1    Veazey, R.S.2    Offord, R.3
  • 186
    • 56649122050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly potent, fully recombinant anti-HIV chemokines: reengineering a low-cost microbicide
    • Gaertner H, Cerini F, Escola JM, et al. Highly potent, fully recombinant anti-HIV chemokines: reengineering a low-cost microbicide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105: 17706-17711.
    • (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.105 , pp. 17706-17711
    • Gaertner, H.1    Cerini, F.2    Escola, J.M.3
  • 187
    • 60749109098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemokine analogues show suitable stability for development as microbicides
    • Cerini F, Landay A, Gichinga C, et al. Chemokine analogues show suitable stability for development as microbicides. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2008; 49: 472-476.
    • (2008) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.49 , pp. 472-476
    • Cerini, F.1    Landay, A.2    Gichinga, C.3
  • 188
    • 65549149201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topically applied recombinant chemokine analogues fully protect macaques from vaginal simian-human immunodeficiency virus challenge
    • Veazey RS, Ling B, Green LC, et al. Topically applied recombinant chemokine analogues fully protect macaques from vaginal simian-human immunodeficiency virus challenge. J Infect Dis 2009; 199: 1525-1527.
    • (2009) J Infect Dis , vol.199 , pp. 1525-1527
    • Veazey, R.S.1    Ling, B.2    Green, L.C.3
  • 189
    • 77955673220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection of rhesus macaques from vaginal infection by vaginally delivered maraviroc, an inhibitor of HIV-1 entry via the CCR5 co-receptor
    • Veazey RS, Ketas TJ, Dufour J, et al. Protection of rhesus macaques from vaginal infection by vaginally delivered maraviroc, an inhibitor of HIV-1 entry via the CCR5 co-receptor. J Infect Dis 2010; 202: 739-744.
    • (2010) J Infect Dis , vol.202 , pp. 739-744
    • Veazey, R.S.1    Ketas, T.J.2    Dufour, J.3
  • 190
    • 27744571425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection of macaques from vaginal SHIV challenge by vaginally delivered inhibitors of virus-cell fusion
    • Veazey RS, Klasse PJ, Schader SM, et al. Protection of macaques from vaginal SHIV challenge by vaginally delivered inhibitors of virus-cell fusion. Nature 2005; 438: 99-102.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.438 , pp. 99-102
    • Veazey, R.S.1    Klasse, P.J.2    Schader, S.M.3
  • 191
    • 12244281787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rational design of a CD4 mimic that inhibits HIV-1 entry and exposes cryptic neutralization epitopes
    • Martin L, Stricher F, Missé D, et al. Rational design of a CD4 mimic that inhibits HIV-1 entry and exposes cryptic neutralization epitopes. Nat Biotechnol 2003; 21: 71-76.
    • (2003) Nat Biotechnol , vol.21 , pp. 71-76
    • Martin, L.1    Stricher, F.2    Missé, D.3
  • 192
    • 41149121552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD4 mimetic miniproteins: potent anti-HIV compounds with promising activity as microbicides
    • Van Herrewege Y, Morellato L, Descours A, et al. CD4 mimetic miniproteins: potent anti-HIV compounds with promising activity as microbicides. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 61: 818-826.
    • (2008) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.61 , pp. 818-826
    • Van Herrewege, Y.1    Morellato, L.2    Descours, A.3
  • 193
    • 77952311370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of antibodies in HIV vaccines
    • Mascola JR, Montefiori DC. The role of antibodies in HIV vaccines. Annu Rev Immunol 2010; 28: 413-444.
    • (2010) Annu Rev Immunol , vol.28 , pp. 413-444
    • Mascola, J.R.1    Montefiori, D.C.2
  • 194
    • 0025838698 scopus 로고
    • A large array of human monoclonal antibodies to type 1 human immunodeficiency virus from combinatorial libraries of asymptomatic seropositive individuals
    • Burton DR, Barbas CF 3rd, Persson MA, Koenig S, Chanock RM, Lerner RA. A large array of human monoclonal antibodies to type 1 human immunodeficiency virus from combinatorial libraries of asymptomatic seropositive individuals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991; 88: 10134-10137.
    • (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.88 , pp. 10134-10137
    • Burton, D.R.1    Barbas 3rd, C.F.2    Persson, M.A.3    Koenig, S.4    Chanock, R.M.5    Lerner, R.A.6
  • 195
    • 0027985431 scopus 로고
    • Efficient neutralization of primary isolates of HIV-1 by a recombinant human monoclonal antibody
    • Burton DR, Pyati J, Koduri R, et al. Efficient neutralization of primary isolates of HIV-1 by a recombinant human monoclonal antibody. Science 1994; 266: 1024-1027.
    • (1994) Science , vol.266 , pp. 1024-1027
    • Burton, D.R.1    Pyati, J.2    Koduri, R.3
  • 196
    • 33847101745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural definition of a conserved neutralization epitope on HIV-1 gp120
    • Zhou T, Xu L, Dey B, et al. Structural definition of a conserved neutralization epitope on HIV-1 gp120. Nature 2007; 445: 732-737.
    • (2007) Nature , vol.445 , pp. 732-737
    • Zhou, T.1    Xu, L.2    Dey, B.3
  • 197
    • 0345471066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of virus transmission to macaque monkeys by a vaginally applied monoclonal antibody to HIV-1 gp120
    • Veazey RS, Shattock RJ, Pope M, et al. Prevention of virus transmission to macaque monkeys by a vaginally applied monoclonal antibody to HIV-1 gp120. Nat Med 2003; 9: 343-346.
    • (2003) Nat Med , vol.9 , pp. 343-346
    • Veazey, R.S.1    Shattock, R.J.2    Pope, M.3
  • 198
    • 0027310612 scopus 로고
    • Naturally occurring antibodies devoid of light chains
    • Hamers-Casterman C, Atarhouch T, Muyldermans S, et al. Naturally occurring antibodies devoid of light chains. Nature 1993; 363: 446-448.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.363 , pp. 446-448
    • Hamers-Casterman, C.1    Atarhouch, T.2    Muyldermans, S.3
  • 199
    • 57349165849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Llama antibody fragments with cross-subtype human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-neutralizing properties and high affinity for HIV-1 gp120
    • Forsman A, Beirnaert E, Aasa-Chapman MM, et al. Llama antibody fragments with cross-subtype human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-neutralizing properties and high affinity for HIV-1 gp120. J Virol 2008; 82: 12069-12081.
    • (2008) J Virol , vol.82 , pp. 12069-12081
    • Forsman, A.1    Beirnaert, E.2    Aasa-Chapman, M.M.3
  • 200
    • 33645241975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis for the preferential cleft recognition by dromedary heavy-chain antibodies
    • De Genst E, Silence K, Decanniere K, et al. Molecular basis for the preferential cleft recognition by dromedary heavy-chain antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103: 4586-4591.
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.103 , pp. 4586-4591
    • De Genst, E.1    Silence, K.2    Decanniere, K.3
  • 201
    • 0344447084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potent enzyme inhibitors derived from dromedary heavy-chain antibodies
    • Lauwereys M, Arbabi Ghahroudi M, Desmyter A, et al. Potent enzyme inhibitors derived from dromedary heavy-chain antibodies. EMBO J 1998; 17: 3512-3520.
    • (1998) EMBO J , vol.17 , pp. 3512-3520
    • Lauwereys, M.1    Arbabi Ghahroudi, M.2    Desmyter, A.3
  • 202
    • 0033961580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation of antigen specific llama VHH antibody fragments and their high level secretion by Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Frenken LG, van der Linden RH, Hermans PW, et al. Isolation of antigen specific llama VHH antibody fragments and their high level secretion by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biotechnol 2000; 78: 11-21.
    • (2000) J Biotechnol , vol.78 , pp. 11-21
    • Frenken, L.G.1    van der Linden, R.H.2    Hermans, P.W.3
  • 203
    • 0036182644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-domain antibody fragments with high conformational stability
    • Dumoulin M, Conrath K, Van Meirhaeghe A, et al. Single-domain antibody fragments with high conformational stability. Protein Sci 2002; 11: 500-515.
    • (2002) Protein Sci , vol.11 , pp. 500-515
    • Dumoulin, M.1    Conrath, K.2    Van Meirhaeghe, A.3
  • 204
    • 0032955291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of physical chemical properties of llama VHH antibody fragments and mouse monoclonal antibodies
    • van der Linden RH, Frenken LG, de Geus B, et al. Comparison of physical chemical properties of llama VHH antibody fragments and mouse monoclonal antibodies. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1431: 37-46.
    • (1999) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1431 , pp. 37-46
    • van der Linden, R.H.1    Frenken, L.G.2    de Geus, B.3
  • 205
    • 33646545070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental therapy of African trypanosomiasis with a nanobody-conjugated human trypanolytic factor
    • Baral TN, Magez S, Stijlemans B, et al. Experimental therapy of African trypanosomiasis with a nanobody-conjugated human trypanolytic factor. Nat Med 2006; 12: 580-584.
    • (2006) Nat Med , vol.12 , pp. 580-584
    • Baral, T.N.1    Magez, S.2    Stijlemans, B.3
  • 206
    • 10644228142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient cancer therapy with a nanobody-based conjugate
    • Cortez-Retamozo V, Backmann N, Senter PD, et al. Efficient cancer therapy with a nanobody-based conjugate. Cancer Res 2004; 64: 2853-2857.
    • (2004) Cancer Res , vol.64 , pp. 2853-2857
    • Cortez-Retamozo, V.1    Backmann, N.2    Senter, P.D.3
  • 207
    • 33745032737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formatted anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha VHH proteins derived from camelids show superior potency and targeting to inflamed joints in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis
    • Coppieters K, Dreier T, Silence K, et al. Formatted anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha VHH proteins derived from camelids show superior potency and targeting to inflamed joints in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2006; 54: 1856-1866.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , pp. 1856-1866
    • Coppieters, K.1    Dreier, T.2    Silence, K.3
  • 208
    • 12244251436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation of llama antibody fragments for prevention of dandruff by phage display in shampoo
    • Dolk E, van der Vaart M, Lutje Hulsik D, et al. Isolation of llama antibody fragments for prevention of dandruff by phage display in shampoo. Appl Environ Microbiol 2005; 71: 442-450.
    • (2005) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.71 , pp. 442-450
    • Dolk, E.1    van der Vaart, M.2    Lutje Hulsik, D.3
  • 209
    • 0042467574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A camelid antibody fragment inhibits the formation of amyloid fibrils by human lysozyme
    • Dumoulin M, Last AM, Desmyter A, et al. A camelid antibody fragment inhibits the formation of amyloid fibrils by human lysozyme. Nature 2003; 424: 783-788.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.424 , pp. 783-788
    • Dumoulin, M.1    Last, A.M.2    Desmyter, A.3
  • 210
    • 33845922737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient inhibition of EGFR signaling and of tumour growth by antagonistic anti-EFGR nanobodies
    • Roovers RC, Laeremans T, Huang L, et al. Efficient inhibition of EGFR signaling and of tumour growth by antagonistic anti-EFGR nanobodies. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 56: 303-317.
    • (2007) Cancer Immunol Immunother , vol.56 , pp. 303-317
    • Roovers, R.C.1    Laeremans, T.2    Huang, L.3
  • 211
    • 29644434847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy-associated aggregation of nuclear polyA-binding protein with a single-domain intracellular antibody
    • Verheesen P, de Kluijver A, van Koningsbruggen S, et al. Prevention of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy-associated aggregation of nuclear polyA-binding protein with a single-domain intracellular antibody. Hum Mol Genet 2006; 15: 105-111.
    • (2006) Hum Mol Genet , vol.15 , pp. 105-111
    • Verheesen, P.1    de Kluijver, A.2    van Koningsbruggen, S.3
  • 212
    • 33845225906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactobacilli expressing variable domain of llama heavy-chain antibody fragments (lactobodies) confer protection against rotavirus-induced diarrhea
    • Pant N, Hultberg A, Zhao Y, et al. Lactobacilli expressing variable domain of llama heavy-chain antibody fragments (lactobodies) confer protection against rotavirus-induced diarrhea. J Infect Dis 2006; 194: 1580-1588.
    • (2006) J Infect Dis , vol.194 , pp. 1580-1588
    • Pant, N.1    Hultberg, A.2    Zhao, Y.3
  • 213
    • 52649114833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Llama-derived single-chain antibody fragments directed to rotavirus VP6 protein possess broad neutralizing activity in vitro and confer protection against diarrhea in mice
    • Garaicoechea L, Olichon A, Marcoppido G, et al. Llama-derived single-chain antibody fragments directed to rotavirus VP6 protein possess broad neutralizing activity in vitro and confer protection against diarrhea in mice. J Virol 2008; 82: 9753-9764.
    • (2008) J Virol , vol.82 , pp. 9753-9764
    • Garaicoechea, L.1    Olichon, A.2    Marcoppido, G.3
  • 214
    • 77953513983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of a family-specific phage library of llama single chain antibody fragments that neutralize HIV-1
    • Koh WW, Steffensen S, Gonzalez-Pajuelo M, et al. Generation of a family-specific phage library of llama single chain antibody fragments that neutralize HIV-1. J Biol Chem 2010; 285: 19116-19124.
    • (2010) J Biol Chem , vol.285 , pp. 19116-19124
    • Koh, W.W.1    Steffensen, S.2    Gonzalez-Pajuelo, M.3
  • 215
    • 77953508965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of the neutralizing Llama V(HH) D7 and its mode of HIV-1 gp120 interaction
    • Hinz A, Lutje Hulsik D, Forsman A, et al. Crystal structure of the neutralizing Llama V(HH) D7 and its mode of HIV-1 gp120 interaction. PLoS One 2010; 5: e10482.
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5
    • Hinz, A.1    Lutje Hulsik, D.2    Forsman, A.3
  • 216
    • 4143088167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of a new cross-reactive human immunodeficiency virus type 1-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody
    • Zhang MY, Xiao X, Sidorov IA, et al. Identification and characterization of a new cross-reactive human immunodeficiency virus type 1-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody. J Virol 2004; 78: 9233-9242.
    • (2004) J Virol , vol.78 , pp. 9233-9242
    • Zhang, M.Y.1    Xiao, X.2    Sidorov, I.A.3
  • 217
    • 0025292252 scopus 로고
    • Assignment of intrachain disulfide bonds and characterization of potential glycosylation sites of the type 1 recombinant human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein (gp120) expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells
    • Leonard CK, Spellman MW, Riddle L, Harris RJ, Thomas JN, Gregory TJ. Assignment of intrachain disulfide bonds and characterization of potential glycosylation sites of the type 1 recombinant human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein (gp120) expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Biol Chem 1990; 265: 10373-10382.
    • (1990) J Biol Chem , vol.265 , pp. 10373-10382
    • Leonard, C.K.1    Spellman, M.W.2    Riddle, L.3    Harris, R.J.4    Thomas, J.N.5    Gregory, T.J.6
  • 218
    • 77956385205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Envelope glycans of immunodeficiency virions are almost entirely oligomannose antigens
    • Doores KJ, Bonomelli C, Harvey DJ, et al. Envelope glycans of immunodeficiency virions are almost entirely oligomannose antigens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107: 13800-13805.
    • (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.107 , pp. 13800-13805
    • Doores, K.J.1    Bonomelli, C.2    Harvey, D.J.3
  • 219
    • 33947275171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate-binding agents: a potential future cornerstone for the chemotherapy of enveloped viruses
    • Balzarini J. Carbohydrate-binding agents: a potential future cornerstone for the chemotherapy of enveloped viruses? Antivir Chem Chemother 2007; 18: 1-11.
    • (2007) Antivir Chem Chemother , vol.18 , pp. 1-11
    • Balzarini, J.1
  • 220
    • 34247636624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploiting the defensive sugars of HIV-1 for drug and vaccine design
    • Scanlan CN, Offer J, Zitzmann N, Dwek RA. Exploiting the defensive sugars of HIV-1 for drug and vaccine design. Nature 2007; 446: 1038-1045.
    • (2007) Nature , vol.446 , pp. 1038-1045
    • Scanlan, C.N.1    Offer, J.2    Zitzmann, N.3    Dwek, R.A.4
  • 221
    • 79961015311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential of carbohydrate-binding agents as therapeutics against enveloped viruses
    • 23 June 2010 [Epub ahead of print].
    • François KO, Balzarini J. Potential of carbohydrate-binding agents as therapeutics against enveloped viruses. Med Res Rev 23 June 2010 [Epub ahead of print].
    • Med Res Rev
    • François, K.O.1    Balzarini, J.2
  • 222
    • 12444291017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody domain exchange is an immunological solution to carbohydrate cluster recognition
    • Calarese DA, Scanlan CN, Zwick MB, et al. Antibody domain exchange is an immunological solution to carbohydrate cluster recognition. Science 2003; 300: 2065-2071.
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 2065-2071
    • Calarese, D.A.1    Scanlan, C.N.2    Zwick, M.B.3
  • 223
    • 59849088564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyanovirin-N potently inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in cellular and cervical explant models
    • Buffa V, Stieh D, Mamhood N, Hu Q, Fletcher P, Shattock RJ. Cyanovirin-N potently inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in cellular and cervical explant models. J Gen Virol 2009; 90: 234-243.
    • (2009) J Gen Virol , vol.90 , pp. 234-243
    • Buffa, V.1    Stieh, D.2    Mamhood, N.3    Hu, Q.4    Fletcher, P.5    Shattock, R.J.6
  • 224
    • 0042368611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyanovirin-N gel as a topical microbicide prevents rectal transmission of SHIV89.6P in macaques
    • Tsai CC, Emau P, Jiang Y, et al. Cyanovirin-N gel as a topical microbicide prevents rectal transmission of SHIV89.6P in macaques. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2003; 19: 535-541.
    • (2003) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.19 , pp. 535-541
    • Tsai, C.C.1    Emau, P.2    Jiang, Y.3
  • 225
    • 0742272702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyanovirin-N inhibits AIDS virus infections in vaginal transmission models
    • Tsai CC, Emau P, Jiang Y, et al. Cyanovirin-N inhibits AIDS virus infections in vaginal transmission models. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2004; 20: 11-18.
    • (2004) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.20 , pp. 11-18
    • Tsai, C.C.1    Emau, P.2    Jiang, Y.3
  • 226
    • 77950104390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pradimicin S, a highly soluble nonpeptidic small-size carbohydrate-binding antibiotic, is an anti-HIV drug lead for both microbicidal and systemic use
    • Balzarini J, François KO, Van Laethem K, et al. Pradimicin S, a highly soluble nonpeptidic small-size carbohydrate-binding antibiotic, is an anti-HIV drug lead for both microbicidal and systemic use. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54: 1425-1435.
    • (2010) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 1425-1435
    • Balzarini, J.1    François, K.O.2    Van Laethem, K.3
  • 227
    • 1542345753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Actinohivin, a novel anti-human immunodeficiency virus protein from an actinomycete, inhibits viral entry to cells by binding high-mannose type sugar chains of gp120
    • Chiba H, Inokoshi J, Nakashima H, Omura S, Tanaka H. Actinohivin, a novel anti-human immunodeficiency virus protein from an actinomycete, inhibits viral entry to cells by binding high-mannose type sugar chains of gp120. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 316: 203-210.
    • (2004) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.316 , pp. 203-210
    • Chiba, H.1    Inokoshi, J.2    Nakashima, H.3    Omura, S.4    Tanaka, H.5
  • 228
    • 77955365315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Actinohivin, a broadly neutralizing prokaryotic lectin, inhibits HIV-1 infection by specifically targeting high-mannose-type glycans on the gp120 envelope
    • Hoorelbeke B, Huskens D, Férir G, et al. Actinohivin, a broadly neutralizing prokaryotic lectin, inhibits HIV-1 infection by specifically targeting high-mannose-type glycans on the gp120 envelope. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54: 3287-3301.
    • (2010) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 3287-3301
    • Hoorelbeke, B.1    Huskens, D.2    Férir, G.3
  • 229
    • 70349456136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism by which the lectin actinohivin blocks HIV infection of target cells
    • Tanaka H, Chiba H, Inokoshi J, et al. Mechanism by which the lectin actinohivin blocks HIV infection of target cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106: 15633-15638.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.106 , pp. 15633-15638
    • Tanaka, H.1    Chiba, H.2    Inokoshi, J.3
  • 230
    • 20144370949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of griffithsin, a novel HIV-inactivating protein, from the red alga Griffithsia sp
    • Mori T, O'Keefe BR, Sowder RC 2nd, et al. Isolation and characterization of griffithsin, a novel HIV-inactivating protein, from the red alga Griffithsia sp. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 9345-9353.
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , pp. 9345-9353
    • Mori, T.1    O'Keefe, B.R.2    Sowder 2nd, R.C.3
  • 231
    • 34547109661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Griffithsin, a potent HIV entry inhibitor, is an excellent candidate for anti-HIV microbicide
    • Emau P, Tian B, O'keefe BR, et al. Griffithsin, a potent HIV entry inhibitor, is an excellent candidate for anti-HIV microbicide. J Med Primatol 2007; 36: 244-253.
    • (2007) J Med Primatol , vol.36 , pp. 244-253
    • Emau, P.1    Tian, B.2    O'keefe, B.R.3
  • 232
    • 65549099593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scaleable manufacture of HIV-1 entry inhibitor griffithsin and validation of its safety and efficacy as a topical microbicide component
    • O'Keefe BR, Vojdani F, Buffa V, et al. Scaleable manufacture of HIV-1 entry inhibitor griffithsin and validation of its safety and efficacy as a topical microbicide component. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106: 6099-6104.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.106 , pp. 6099-6104
    • O'Keefe, B.R.1    Vojdani, F.2    Buffa, V.3
  • 233
    • 33745034288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potent anti-HIV activity of scytovirin domain 1 peptide
    • Xiong C, O'Keefe BR, Byrd RA, McMahon JB. Potent anti-HIV activity of scytovirin domain 1 peptide. Peptides 2006; 27: 1668-1675.
    • (2006) Peptides , vol.27 , pp. 1668-1675
    • Xiong, C.1    O'Keefe, B.R.2    Byrd, R.A.3    McMahon, J.B.4
  • 234
    • 77952576510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mannose-rich glycosylation patterns on HIV-1 subtype C gp120 and sensitivity to the lectins, Griffithsin, Cyanovirin-N and Scytovirin
    • Alexandre KB, Gray ES, Lambson BE, et al. Mannose-rich glycosylation patterns on HIV-1 subtype C gp120 and sensitivity to the lectins, Griffithsin, Cyanovirin-N and Scytovirin. Virology 2010; 402: 187-196.
    • (2010) Virology , vol.402 , pp. 187-196
    • Alexandre, K.B.1    Gray, E.S.2    Lambson, B.E.3
  • 235
    • 77955288365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microvirin, a novel alpha(1,2)-mannose-specific lectin isolated from Microcystis aeruginosa, has anti-HIV-1 activity comparable with that of cyanovirin-N but a much higher safety profile
    • Huskens D, Férir G, Vermeire K, et al. Microvirin, a novel alpha(1, 2)-mannose-specific lectin isolated from Microcystis aeruginosa, has anti-HIV-1 activity comparable with that of cyanovirin-N but a much higher safety profile. J Biol Chem 2010; 285: 24845-24854.
    • (2010) J Biol Chem , vol.285 , pp. 24845-24854
    • Huskens, D.1    Férir, G.2    Vermeire, K.3
  • 237
    • 0036137322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection in herpes simplex virus type 2-seropositive persons: a meta-analysis
    • Wald A, Link K. Risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection in herpes simplex virus type 2-seropositive persons: a meta-analysis. J Infect Dis 2002; 185: 45-52.
    • (2002) J Infect Dis , vol.185 , pp. 45-52
    • Wald, A.1    Link, K.2
  • 238
    • 29144444035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herpes simplex virus 2 infection increases HIV acquisition in men and women: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies
    • Freeman EE, Weiss HA, Glynn JR, Cross PL, Whitworth JA, Hayes RJ. Herpes simplex virus 2 infection increases HIV acquisition in men and women: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. AIDS 2006; 20: 73-83.
    • (2006) AIDS , vol.20 , pp. 73-83
    • Freeman, E.E.1    Weiss, H.A.2    Glynn, J.R.3    Cross, P.L.4    Whitworth, J.A.5    Hayes, R.J.6
  • 239
    • 0034806946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase i/ii trial of the pharmacokinetics, safety, and antiretroviral activity of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults
    • Barditch-Crovo P, Deeks SG, Collier A, et al. Phase i/ii trial of the pharmacokinetics, safety, and antiretroviral activity of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45: 2733-2739.
    • (2001) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.45 , pp. 2733-2739
    • Barditch-Crovo, P.1    Deeks, S.G.2    Collier, A.3
  • 240
    • 50949097030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of SIV rectal transmission and priming of T cell responses in macaques after local pre-exposure application of tenofovir gel
    • Cranage M, Sharpe S, Herrera C, et al. Prevention of SIV rectal transmission and priming of T cell responses in macaques after local pre-exposure application of tenofovir gel. PLoS Med 2008; 5: e157.
    • (2008) PLoS Med , vol.5
    • Cranage, M.1    Sharpe, S.2    Herrera, C.3
  • 241
    • 38849136442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis prevents vaginal transmission of HIV-1 in humanized BLT mice
    • Denton PW, Estes JD, Sun Z, et al. Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis prevents vaginal transmission of HIV-1 in humanized BLT mice. PLoS Med 2008; 5: e16.
    • (2008) PLoS Med , vol.5
    • Denton, P.W.1    Estes, J.D.2    Sun, Z.3
  • 242
    • 78649640372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro evaluation of viability, integrity and inflammation in genital epithelia upon exposure to pharmaceutical excipients and candidate microbicides
    • Gali Y, Delezay O, Brouwers J, et al. In vitro evaluation of viability, integrity and inflammation in genital epithelia upon exposure to pharmaceutical excipients and candidate microbicides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54: 5105-5114.
    • (2010) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 5105-5114
    • Gali, Y.1    Delezay, O.2    Brouwers, J.3
  • 243
    • 0032500021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preclinical studies on thiocarboxanilide UC-781 as a virucidal agent
    • Balzarini J, Naesens L, Verbeken E, et al. Preclinical studies on thiocarboxanilide UC-781 as a virucidal agent. AIDS 1998; 12: 1129-1138.
    • (1998) AIDS , vol.12 , pp. 1129-1138
    • Balzarini, J.1    Naesens, L.2    Verbeken, E.3
  • 244
    • 33646173910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro microbicidal activity of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) UC781 against NNRTI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Hossain MM, Parniak MA. In vitro microbicidal activity of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) UC781 against NNRTI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol 2006; 80: 4440-4446.
    • (2006) J Virol , vol.80 , pp. 4440-4446
    • Hossain, M.M.1    Parniak, M.A.2
  • 245
    • 0347992022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro evaluation of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors UC-781 and TMC120-R147681 as human immunodeficiency virus microbicides
    • Van Herrewege Y, Michiels J, Van Roey J, et al. In vitro evaluation of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors UC-781 and TMC120-R147681 as human immunodeficiency virus microbicides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004; 48: 337-339.
    • (2004) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.48 , pp. 337-339
    • Van Herrewege, Y.1    Michiels, J.2    Van Roey, J.3
  • 246
    • 33947401108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dual chamber model of female cervical mucosa for the study of HIV transmission and for the evaluation of candidate HIV microbicides
    • Van Herrewege Y, Michiels J, Waeytens A, et al. A dual chamber model of female cervical mucosa for the study of HIV transmission and for the evaluation of candidate HIV microbicides. Antiviral Res 2007; 74: 111-124.
    • (2007) Antiviral Res , vol.74 , pp. 111-124
    • Van Herrewege, Y.1    Michiels, J.2    Waeytens, A.3
  • 247
    • 0037471277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blocking of cell-free and cell-associated HIV-1 transmission through human cervix organ culture with UC781
    • Zussman A, Lara L, Lara HH, Bentwich Z, Borkow G. Blocking of cell-free and cell-associated HIV-1 transmission through human cervix organ culture with UC781. AIDS 2003; 17: 653-661.
    • (2003) AIDS , vol.17 , pp. 653-661
    • Zussman, A.1    Lara, L.2    Lara, H.H.3    Bentwich, Z.4    Borkow, G.5
  • 248
    • 23844482064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor UC-781 inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of human cervical tissue and dissemination by migratory cells
    • Fletcher P, Kiselyeva Y, Wallace G, et al. The nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor UC-781 inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of human cervical tissue and dissemination by migratory cells. J Virol 2005; 79: 11179-11186.
    • (2005) J Virol , vol.79 , pp. 11179-11186
    • Fletcher, P.1    Kiselyeva, Y.2    Wallace, G.3
  • 249
    • 59749098155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection by the candidate microbicide dapivirine, a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
    • Fletcher P, Harman S, Azijn H, et al. Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection by the candidate microbicide dapivirine, a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53: 487-495.
    • (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 487-495
    • Fletcher, P.1    Harman, S.2    Azijn, H.3
  • 250
    • 34547480469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis using HIV inhibitors as microbicides against cell-free or cell-associated HIV-1 infection
    • Terrazas-Aranda K, Van Herrewege Y, Lewi PJ, Van Roey J, Vanham G. In vitro pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis using HIV inhibitors as microbicides against cell-free or cell-associated HIV-1 infection. Antivir Chem Chemother 2007; 18: 141-151.
    • (2007) Antivir Chem Chemother , vol.18 , pp. 141-151
    • Terrazas-Aranda, K.1    Van Herrewege, Y.2    Lewi, P.J.3    Van Roey, J.4    Vanham, G.5
  • 251
    • 46249087616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integration: a potential target for microbicides to prevent cell-free or cell-associated HIV-1 infection
    • Terrazas-Aranda K, Van Herrewege Y, Hazuda D, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integration: a potential target for microbicides to prevent cell-free or cell-associated HIV-1 infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2008; 52: 2544-2554.
    • (2008) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.52 , pp. 2544-2554
    • Terrazas-Aranda, K.1    Van Herrewege, Y.2    Hazuda, D.3
  • 252
    • 0042128299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of vaginal transmission of HIV-1 in hu-SCID mice by the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor TMC120 in a gel formulation
    • Di Fabio S, Van Roey J, Giannini G, et al. Inhibition of vaginal transmission of HIV-1 in hu-SCID mice by the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor TMC120 in a gel formulation. AIDS 2003; 17: 1597-1604.
    • (2003) AIDS , vol.17 , pp. 1597-1604
    • Di Fabio, S.1    Van Roey, J.2    Giannini, G.3
  • 253
    • 68649117176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety, tolerability, and systemic absorption of dapivirine vaginal microbicide gel in healthy, HIV-negative women
    • Nel AM, Coplan P, van de Wijgert JH, et al. Safety, tolerability, and systemic absorption of dapivirine vaginal microbicide gel in healthy, HIV-negative women. AIDS 2009; 23: 1531-1538.
    • (2009) AIDS , vol.23 , pp. 1531-1538
    • Nel, A.M.1    Coplan, P.2    van de Wijgert, J.H.3
  • 254
  • 255
    • 68049121905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and pharmacokinetics of dapivirine delivery from matrix and reservoir intravaginal rings to HIV-negative women
    • Nel A, Smythe S, Young K, et al. Safety and pharmacokinetics of dapivirine delivery from matrix and reservoir intravaginal rings to HIV-negative women. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2009; 51: 416-423.
    • (2009) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.51 , pp. 416-423
    • Nel, A.1    Smythe, S.2    Young, K.3
  • 256
    • 66149175684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and availability of dapivirine (TMC120) delivered from an intravaginal ring
    • Romano J, Variano B, Coplan P, et al. Safety and availability of dapivirine (TMC120) delivered from an intravaginal ring. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2009; 25: 483-488.
    • (2009) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.25 , pp. 483-488
    • Romano, J.1    Variano, B.2    Coplan, P.3
  • 257
    • 75149116238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segmented polyurethane intravaginal rings for the sustained combined delivery of antiretroviral agents dapivirine and tenofovir
    • Johnson TJ, Gupta KM, Fabian J, Albright TH, Kiser PF. Segmented polyurethane intravaginal rings for the sustained combined delivery of antiretroviral agents dapivirine and tenofovir. Eur J Pharm Sci 2010; 39: 203-212.
    • (2010) Eur J Pharm Sci , vol.39 , pp. 203-212
    • Johnson, T.J.1    Gupta, K.M.2    Fabian, J.3    Albright, T.H.4    Kiser, P.F.5
  • 258
    • 33847101873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-ranging phase 1 study of TMC120, a promising vaginal microbicide, in HIV-negative and HIV-positive female volunteers
    • Jespers VA, Van Roey JM, Beets GI, Buvé AM. Dose-ranging phase 1 study of TMC120, a promising vaginal microbicide, in HIV-negative and HIV-positive female volunteers. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2007; 44: 154-158.
    • (2007) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.44 , pp. 154-158
    • Jespers, V.A.1    Van Roey, J.M.2    Beets, G.I.3    Buvé, A.M.4
  • 259
    • 77956225829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of HIV-1 by non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors via an induced fit mechanism-Importance of slow dissociation and relaxation rates for antiviral efficacy
    • Elinder M, Selhorst P, Vanham G, Oberg B, Vrang L, Danielson UH. Inhibition of HIV-1 by non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors via an induced fit mechanism-Importance of slow dissociation and relaxation rates for antiviral efficacy. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 80: 1133-1140.
    • (2010) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.80 , pp. 1133-1140
    • Elinder, M.1    Selhorst, P.2    Vanham, G.3    Oberg, B.4    Vrang, L.5    Danielson, U.H.6
  • 261
    • 77951237291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A macaque model to study vaginal HSV-2/immunodeficiency virus co-infection and the impact of HSV-2 on microbicide efficacy
    • Crostarosa F, Aravantinou M, Akpogheneta OJ, et al. A macaque model to study vaginal HSV-2/immunodeficiency virus co-infection and the impact of HSV-2 on microbicide efficacy. PLoS One 2009; 4: e8060.
    • (2009) PLoS One , vol.4
    • Crostarosa, F.1    Aravantinou, M.2    Akpogheneta, O.J.3
  • 262
    • 79251589325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An antiretroviral/zinc combination gel provides 24 hours of complete protection against vaginal SHIV infection in macaques
    • Kenney J, Aravantinou M, Singer R, et al. An antiretroviral/zinc combination gel provides 24 hours of complete protection against vaginal SHIV infection in macaques. PLoS One 2011; 6: e15835.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6
    • Kenney, J.1    Aravantinou, M.2    Singer, R.3
  • 263
    • 77952553431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rational design of small-molecule inhibitors of the LEDGF/p75-integrase interaction and HIV replication
    • Christ F, Voet A, Marchand A, et al. Rational design of small-molecule inhibitors of the LEDGF/p75-integrase interaction and HIV replication. Nat Chem Biol 2010; 6: 442-448.
    • (2010) Nat Chem Biol , vol.6 , pp. 442-448
    • Christ, F.1    Voet, A.2    Marchand, A.3
  • 264
    • 77958015795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small molecules targeting the interaction between HIV-1 integrase and LEDGF/p75 cofactor
    • De Luca L, Ferro S, Gitto R, et al. Small molecules targeting the interaction between HIV-1 integrase and LEDGF/p75 cofactor. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18: 7515-7521.
    • (2010) Bioorg Med Chem , vol.18 , pp. 7515-7521
    • De Luca, L.1    Ferro, S.2    Gitto, R.3
  • 265
    • 79953043112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis by anti-retrovirals raltegravir and maraviroc protects against HIV-1 vaginal transmission in a humanized mouse model
    • Neff CP, Ndolo T, Tandon A, Habu Y, Akkina R. Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis by anti-retrovirals raltegravir and maraviroc protects against HIV-1 vaginal transmission in a humanized mouse model. PLoS One 2010; 5: e15257.
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5
    • Neff, C.P.1    Ndolo, T.2    Tandon, A.3    Habu, Y.4    Akkina, R.5
  • 266
    • 73549098143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of antiretrovirals in animal models of HIV infection
    • Van Rompay KK. Evaluation of antiretrovirals in animal models of HIV infection. Antiviral Res 2010; 85: 159-175.
    • (2010) Antiviral Res , vol.85 , pp. 159-175
    • Van Rompay, K.K.1
  • 267
    • 77954704777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infection of macaques after vaginal exposure to cell-associated simian immunodeficiency virus
    • Sallé B, Brochard P, Bourry O, et al. Infection of macaques after vaginal exposure to cell-associated simian immunodeficiency virus. J Infect Dis 2010; 202: 337-344.
    • (2010) J Infect Dis , vol.202 , pp. 337-344
    • Sallé, B.1    Brochard, P.2    Bourry, O.3
  • 268
    • 73549115378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), their discovery, development, and use in the treatment of HIV-1 infection: a review of the last 20 years (1989-2009)
    • de Béthune MP. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), their discovery, development, and use in the treatment of HIV-1 infection: a review of the last 20 years (1989-2009). Antiviral Res 2010; 85: 75-90.
    • (2010) Antiviral Res , vol.85 , pp. 75-90
    • de Béthune, M.P.1
  • 269
    • 33646342770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbicides and other topical strategies to prevent vaginal transmission of HIV
    • Lederman MM, Offord RE, Hartley O. Microbicides and other topical strategies to prevent vaginal transmission of HIV. Nat Rev Immunol 2006; 6: 371-382.
    • (2006) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.6 , pp. 371-382
    • Lederman, M.M.1    Offord, R.E.2    Hartley, O.3
  • 270
    • 33747137566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is HIV drug resistance a limiting factor in the development of anti-HIV NNRTI and NRTI-based vaginal microbicide strategies
    • Martinez J, Coplan P, Wainberg MA. Is HIV drug resistance a limiting factor in the development of anti-HIV NNRTI and NRTI-based vaginal microbicide strategies? Antiviral Res 2006; 71: 343-350.
    • (2006) Antiviral Res , vol.71 , pp. 343-350
    • Martinez, J.1    Coplan, P.2    Wainberg, M.A.3
  • 271
    • 55249126356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-susceptible HIV-1 infection despite intermittent fixed-dose combination tenofovir/emtricitabine as prophylaxis is associated with low-level viremia, delayed seroconversion, and an attenuated clinical course
    • Prada N, Davis B, Jean-Pierre P, et al. Drug-susceptible HIV-1 infection despite intermittent fixed-dose combination tenofovir/emtricitabine as prophylaxis is associated with low-level viremia, delayed seroconversion, and an attenuated clinical course. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2008; 49: 117-122.
    • (2008) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.49 , pp. 117-122
    • Prada, N.1    Davis, B.2    Jean-Pierre, P.3
  • 272
    • 70449723682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 is stabilizing in Europe
    • Vercauteren J, Wensing AM, van de Vijver DA, et al. Transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 is stabilizing in Europe. J Infect Dis 2009; 200: 1503-1508.
    • (2009) J Infect Dis , vol.200 , pp. 1503-1508
    • Vercauteren, J.1    Wensing, A.M.2    van de Vijver, D.A.3
  • 273
    • 78349313028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risk of HIV drug resistance following implementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis
    • van de Vijver DA, Boucher CA. The risk of HIV drug resistance following implementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2010; 23: 621-627.
    • (2010) Curr Opin Infect Dis , vol.23 , pp. 621-627
    • van de Vijver, D.A.1    Boucher, C.A.2
  • 274
    • 79953049919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cross resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors currently under development as microbicides
    • Jan 31. [Epub ahead of print].
    • Selhorst P, Vazquez AC, Terazzas-Aranda K, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cross resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors currently under development as microbicides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; Jan 31. [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2011) Antimicrob Agents Chemother
    • Selhorst, P.1    Vazquez, A.C.2    Terazzas-Aranda, K.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.