Cognitive Bias Modification: Induced Interpretive Biases Affect Memory

Emotion

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 145-152

  Tran, Tanya B ^a,b   Hertel, Paula T ^a   Joormann, Jutta ^a  

^a Department of Biology   (United States)

^b TRINITY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cognitive bias modification; Interpretation; Memory; Training

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AMBIGUITY; ARTICLE; COGNITION; EMOTION; EMOTIONAL DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; MEMORY; NORMAL HUMAN; RECALL; TRAINING;

AFFECT; COGNITION; DEPRESSION; EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MEMORY; MENTAL RECALL; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; REACTION TIME;

EID: 79952849187     PISSN: 15283542     EISSN: 19311516     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0021754     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Bartlett F.C. Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology 1932, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
2. Beard C., Amir N. A multi-session interpretation modification program: Changes in interpretation and social anxiety symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy 2008, 46:1135-1141.
3. Beck A.T., Steer R.A. Beck Depression Inventory-Manual 1993, Psychological Corp, San Antonio.
4. Beck A.T., Steer R.A., Garbin M.G. Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review 1988, 8(1):77-100.
5. Charles S., Mather M., Carstensen L.L. Aging and emotional memory: The forgettable nature of negative images for older adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 2003, 132(2):310-324.
6. Ellsworth P.C., Scherer K.R. Appraisal processes in emotion. Handbook of affective sciences 2003, Oxford University Press, New York. R.J. Davidson, H. Goldsmith, K.R. Scherer (Eds.).
7. Erber R., Erber M.W. Beyond mood and social judgment: Mood incongruent recall and mood regulation. European Journal of Social Psychology 1994, 24:79-88.
8. Foa E.B., Riggs D., Dancu C.V.S., Rothbaum B.O. Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1993, 6(4):459-473.
9. Grey S., Mathews A. Effects of training on interpretation of emotional ambiguity. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 2000, 53A:1143-1162.
10. Gross J.J., John O.P. Wise emotion regulation. The wisdom in feeling: Psychological processes in emotional intelligence 2002, 297-319. Guilford Press, New York. L.F. Barrett, P. Salovey (Eds.).
11. Hertel P.T. Habits of thought produce memory biases in anxiety and depression. Cognition, emotion, and psychopathology 2004, 109-129. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. J. Yiend (Ed.).
12. Hertel P.T., Brozovich F., Joormann J., Gotlib I.H. Biases in interpretation and memory in generalized social phobia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2008, 117(2):278-288.
13. Hirsch C.R., Clark D.M., Mathews A. Imagery and interpretations in social phobia: Support for the combined cognitive biases hypothesis. Behavior Therapy 2006, 37:223-236.
14. Holmes E.A., Lang T.J., Shah D.M. Developing interpretation bias modification as a 'cognitive vaccine' for depressed mood: Imagining positive events makes you feel better than thinking about them verbally. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2009, 118(1):76-88.
15. Joormann J., Siemer M. Memory accessibility, mood regulation and dysphoria: Difficulties in repairing sad mood with happy memories?. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2004, 113:179-188.
16. Joormann J., Yoon K.L., Siemer M. Cognition, attention and emotion regulation. Emotion regulation and psychopathology 2009, Guilford Press, New York. A. Kring, D. Sloan (Eds.).
17. Joormann J., Siemer M., Gotlib I.H. Mood regulation in depression: Differential effects of distraction and recall of happy memories on sad mood. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2007, 116:484-491.
18. Josephson B.R., Singer J.A., Salovey P. Mood regulation and memory: Repairing sad moods with happy memories. Cognition and Emotion 1996, 10:437-444.
19. Lundht L.G., Ost L.G. Recognition bias for critical faces in social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy 1996, 34:787-794.
20. Lyubomirsky S., Caldwell N.D., Nolen-Hoeksema S. Effects of ruminative and distracting responses to depressed mood on retrieval of autobiographical memories. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1998, 75(1):166-177.
21. Mackintosh B., Mathews A., Yiend J., Ridgeway V., Cook E. Induced biases in emotional interpretation influence stress vulnerability and endure despite changes in context. Behavior Therapy 2006, 37(3):209-222.
22. MacLeod C., Campbell L. Memory accessibility and probability judgments: An experimental evaluation of the availability heuristic. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1992, 63(6):890-902.
23. MacLeod C., Koster E.H.W., Fox E. Whither cognitive bias modification research: A commentary on the special section. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2009, 118(1):89-99.
24. MacLeod C., Rutherford E., Campbell L., Ebsworthy G., Holker L. Selective attention and emotional vulnerability: Assessing the causal basis of their association through the experimental manipulation of attentional bias. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2002, 111:107-123.
25. Mathews A., Mackintosh B. Induced emotional interpretation bias and anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2000, 109:602-615.
26. Mathews A., MacLeod C. Cognitive vulnerability to emotional disorders. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 2005, 1:167-195.
27. Mathews A., Ridgeway V., Cook E., Yiend J. Inducing a benign interpretational bias reduces trait anxiety. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 2007, 38:225-236.
28. Matt G.E., Vazquez C., Campbell W.K. Mood-congruent recall of affectively toned stimuli: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review 1992, 12:227-255.
29. Nolen-Hoeksema S. The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety/depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2000, 109:504-511.
30. Nolen-Hoeksema S., Larson J. Coping with loss 1999, Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ.
31. Nolen-Hoeksema S., Wisco B.E., Lyubomirsky S. Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science 2008, 3(5):400-424.
32. Parrott W.G., Sabini J. Mood and memory under natural conditions: Evidence for mood incongruent recall. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1990, 59:321-336.
33. Roberts J.E., Gilboa E., Gotlib I.H. Ruminative response style and vulnerability to episodes of dysphoria: Gender, neuroticism, and episode duration. Cognitive Therapy and Research 1998, 22:401-423.
34. Rusting C.L., DeHart T. Retrieving positive memories to regulate negative mood: Consequences for mood-congruent memory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2000, 78:737-752.
35. Salemink E., Hertel P., Mackintosh B. Interpretation training influences memory for prior interpretations. Emotion 2010, 10:903-907.
36. Salemink E., van den Hout M., Kindt M. Trained interpretive bias and anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy 2007, 45(2):329-340.
37. Salemink E., van den Hout M., Kindt M. Effects of positive interpretive bias modification in highly anxious individuals. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 2009, 23:676-683.
38. See J., MacLeod C., Bridle R. The reduction of anxiety vulnerability through the modification bias: A real-world study using a home-based cognitive modification procedure. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2009, 118(1):65-75.
39. Siemer M., Mauss I.B., Gross J.J. Same situation - different emotions: How appraisals shape our emotions. Emotion 2007, 7:592-600.
40. Wadlinger H.A., Isaacowitz D.M. Looking happy: The experimental manipulation of a positive visual attention bias. Emotion 2008, 8:121-126.
41. Watkins P.C., Mathews A., Williamson D.A., Fuller R.D. Mood-congruent memory in depression: Emotional priming or elaboration?. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1992, 101(3):581-586.
42. Wilson E.J., MacLeod C., Mathews A., Rutherford E.M. The causal role of interpretive bias in anxiety reactivity. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2006, 115:103-111.
43. Yiend J., Mackintosh B., Andrews M. Enduring consequences of experimentally induced biases in interpretation. Behaviour Research and Therapy 2005, 43:779-797.