Fluorescent in situ visualization of sterols in Arabidopsis roots

Nature Protocols

Volumn 6, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 446-456

  Boutté, Yohann ^a,c   Men, Shuzhen ^a,b   Grebe, Markus ^a  

^a UMEÅ UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b NANKAI UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL OXIDASE; FILIPIN; FLUORESCENT DYE; STEROL;

ARABIDOPSIS; ARTICLE; CLINICAL PROTOCOL; CONFOCAL LASER MICROSCOPY; ENDOCYTOSIS; EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN; FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; NONHUMAN; PHYTOCHEMISTRY; PLANT ROOT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STEROL ANALYSIS; STEROL SYNTHESIS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION;

ARABIDOPSIS; ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS; CHOLESTEROL OXIDASE; FILIPIN; MICROSCOPY, FLUORESCENCE; PHYTOSTEROLS; PLANT ROOTS; STAINING AND LABELING;

ARABIDOPSIS; ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA; EUKARYOTA;

EID: 79952791393     PISSN: 17542189     EISSN: 17502799     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2011.323     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Benveniste, P. Biosynthesis and accumulation of sterols. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 55, 429-457 (2004). (Pubitemid 38940939)
2. Suzuki, M. & Muranaka, T. Molecular genetics of plant sterol backbone synthesis. Lipids 42, 47-54 (2007). (Pubitemid 46490743)
3. Zhang, S., Wei, Y., Lu, Y. & Wang, X. Mechanisms of brassinosteroids interacting with multiple hormones. Plant Signal Behav. 4, 1117-1120 (2009).
4. Boutté, Y. & Grebe, M. Cellular processes relying on sterol function in plants. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 12, 705-713 (2009).
5. Klima, A. & Foissner, I. FM dyes label sterol-rich plasma membrane domains and are internalized independently of the cytoskeleton in characean internodal cells. Plant Cell Physiol. 49, 1508-1521 (2008).
6. Lingwood, D. & Simons, K. Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science 327, 46-50 (2010).
7. Lippincott-Schwartz, J. & Phair, R.D. Lipids and cholesterol as regulators of traffc in the endomembrane system. Annu. Rev. Biophys. 39, 559-578 (2010).
8. Zappel, N.F. & Panstruga, R. Heterogeneity and lateral compartmentalization of plant plasma membranes. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 11, 632-640 (2008).
9. Gimpl, G. Cholesterol-protein interaction: methods and cholesterol reporter molecules. Subcell. Biochem. 51, 1-45 (2010).
10. Holtta-Vuori, M. et al. BODIPY-cholesterol: a new tool to visualize sterol traffcking in living cells and organisms. Traffc 9, 1839-1849 (2008).
11. Wustner, D. Fluorescent sterols as tools in membrane biophysics and cell biology. Chem. Phys. Lipids 146, 1-25 (2007). (Pubitemid 46227374)
12. Shimada, Y., Maruya, M., Iwashita, S. & Ohno-Iwashita, Y. The C-terminal domain of perfringolysin O is an essential cholesterol-binding unit targeting to cholesterol-rich microdomains. Eur. J. Biochem. 269, 6195-6203 (2002). (Pubitemid 35461832)
13. Selvaraj, V. et al. Mechanisms underlying the micron-scale segregation of sterols and GM1 in live mammalian sperm. J. Cell Physiol. 218, 522-536 (2009).
14. Chang, T.Y., Chang, C.C., Ohgami, N. & Yamauchi, Y. Cholesterol sensing, traffcking, and esterifcation. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 22, 129-157 (2006).
15. Schrick, K., Nguyen, D., Karlowski, W.M. & Mayer, K.F. START lipid/sterol-binding domains are amplifed in plants and are predominantly associated with homeodomain transcription factors. Genome Biol. 5, R41 (2004).
16. Saravanan, R.S. et al. The targeting of the oxysterol-binding protein ORP3a to the endoplasmic reticulum relies on the plant VAP33 homolog PVA12. Plant J. 58, 817-830 (2009).
17. Jin, L. et al. Cholesterol-enriched lipid domains can be visualized by di-4-ANEPPDHQ with linear and nonlinear optics. Biophys. J. 89, L04-L06 (2005). (Pubitemid 41098254)
18. Vida, T.A. & Emr, S.D. A new vital stain for visualizing vacuolar membrane dynamics and endocytosis in yeast. J. Cell Biol. 128, 779-792 (1995).
19. Ohno-Iwashita, Y. et al. Cholesterol-binding toxins and anti-cholesterol antibodies as structural probes for cholesterol localization. Subcell. Biochem. 51, 597-621 (2010).
20. Alvarez, F.J., Douglas, L.M. & Konopka, J.B. Sterol-rich plasma membrane domains in fungi. Eukaryot. Cell 6, 755-763 (2007). (Pubitemid 46835039)
21. Ceder, O. & Ryhage, R. The structure of Filipin. Acta Chem. Scand. 18, 558-560 (1964).
22. Drabikowski, W., Lagwińska, E. & Sarzala, M.G. Filipin as a fuorescent probe for the location of cholesterol in the membranes of fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 291, 61-70 (1973).
23. Miller, R.G. The use and abuse of flipin to localize cholesterol in membranes. Cell Biol. Int. Rep. 8, 519-535 (1984).
24. Whitfeld, G.B. et al. Filipin, an antifungal antibiotic: isolation and properties. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77, 4799-4801 (1955).
25. Milhaud, J., Bolard, J., Benveniste, P. & Hartmann, M.A. Interaction of the polyene antibiotic flipin with model and natural membranes containing plant sterols. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 943, 315-325 (1988).
26. Grebe, M. et al. Arabidopsis sterol endocytosis involves actin-mediated traffcking via ARA6-positive early endosomes. Curr. Biol. 13, 1378-1387 (2003). (Pubitemid 37029427)
27. MacLachlan, J., Wotherspoon, A.T., Ansell, R.O. & Brooks, C.J. Cholesterol oxidase: sources, physical properties and analytical applications. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 72, 169-195 (2000). (Pubitemid 30261523)
28. Simons, M. et al. Cholesterol depletion inhibits the generation of beta-amyloid in hippocampal neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 6460-6464 (1998). (Pubitemid 28249035)
29. Boutté, Y Endocytosis Restricts Arabidopsis KNOLLE Syntaxin to the Cell Division Plane during Late Cytokinesis. EMBO J. 29, 546-558 (2010).
30. Men, S. et al. Sterol-dependent endocytosis mediates post-cytokinetic acquisition of PIN2 auxin effux carrier polarity. Nat. Cell Biol. 10, 237-244 (2008). (Pubitemid 351194054)
31. Bhat, R.A. et al. Recruitment and interaction dynamics of plant penetration resistance components in a plasma membrane microdomain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 3135-3140 (2005). (Pubitemid 40299928)
32. Bonneau, L. et al. Plasma membrane sterol complexation, generated by flipin, triggers signaling responses in tobacco cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1798, 2150-2159 (2010).
33. Speranza, M. et al. Sterols and lignin in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. wood: spatial distribution and fungal removal as revealed by microscopy and chemical analyses. Holzforschung 63, 362-370 (2009).
34. Kleine-Vehn, J. et al. Subcellular traffcking of the Arabidopsis auxin infux carrier AUX1 uses a novel pathway distinct from PIN1. Plant Cell 18, 3171-3181 (2006). (Pubitemid 46013284)
35. Cutler, S.R., Ehrhardt, D.W., Grifftts, J.S. & Somerville, C.R. Random GFP:cDNA fusions enable visualization of subcellular structures in cells of Arabidopsis at a high frequency. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 3718-3723 (2000). (Pubitemid 30183369)
36. Chow, CM., Neto, H., Foucart, C. & Moore, I. Rab-A2 and Rab-A3 GTPases defne a trans-golgi endosomal membrane domain in Arabidopsis that contributes substantially to the cell plate. Plant Cell 20, 101-123 (2008). (Pubitemid 352844037)
37. Geldner, N. et al. The Arabidopsis GNOM ARF-GEF mediates endosomal recycling, auxin transport, and auxin-dependent plant growth. Cell 112, 219-230 (2003). (Pubitemid 36144111)
38. Xu, J. & Scheres, B. Dissection of Arabidopsis ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR 1 function in epidermal cell polarity. Plant Cell 17, 525-536 (2005). (Pubitemid 41672972)
39. +-ATPase and tonoplast-type pyrophosphatase in the plasma membrane of the sieve element-companion cell complex in the stem of Ricinus communis L. Planta 213, 11-19 (2001). (Pubitemid 32507446)
40. Lauber, M.H. et al. The Arabidopsis KNOLLE protein is a cytokinesis-specifc syntaxin. J. Cell Biol. 139, 1485-1493 (1997). (Pubitemid 28013669)
41. Castanho, M.A., Coutinho, A. & Prieto, M.J. Absorption and fuorescence spectra of polyene antibiotics in the presence of cholesterol. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 204-209 (1992).
42. Norman, A.W., Demel, R.A., de Kruyff, B. & van Deenen, L.L. Studies on the biological properties of polyene antibiotics. Evidence for the direct interaction of flipin with cholesterol. J. Biol. Chem. 247, 1918-1929 (1972).
43. Ovecka, M. et al. Structural sterols are involved in both the initiation and tip growth of root hairs in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 22, 2999-3019 (2010).
44. Hölttä-Vuori, M., Tanhuanpää, K., Möbius, W., Somerharju, P. & Ikonen, E. Modulation of cellular cholesterol transport and homeostasis by Rab11. Mol. Biol. Cell. 13, 3107-3122 (2002). (Pubitemid 35034249)