Statin use and the risk of age related macular degeneration in a large health organization in Israel

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

Volumn 18, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 83-90

  Shalev, Varda ^a,b   Sror, Miri ^a,c   Goldshtein, Inbal ^a   Kokia, Ehud ^a   Chodick, Gabriel ^a,b  

^a MACCABI HEALTHCARE SERVICES   (Israel)

^b TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^c Golda Campus Rabin Medical   (Israel)

Author keywords

AMD; Israel; Persistence; Statins; Visual impairment

Indexed keywords

ATORVASTATIN; CERIVASTATIN; FLUINDOSTATIN; MEVINOLIN; PRAVASTATIN; ROSUVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN; STATIN;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ASTHMA; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DATA BASE; DIABETES MELLITUS; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HAZARD RATIO; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HEALTH SERVICE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; ISRAEL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PHYSICIAN; POPULATION RESEARCH; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETINA MACULA AGE RELATED DEGENERATION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SMOKING;

AGED; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; DRUG UTILIZATION; FEMALE; HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; INCIDENCE; ISRAEL; MACULAR DEGENERATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 79952685446     PISSN: 09286586     EISSN: 17445086     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/09286586.2011.560746     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Klaver C, Wolfs R, Vingerling J. Age-specifc prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment in an older popu-lation: the Rotterdam Study. Arch Ophthalmol 1998;116:653.
2. Coleman HR, Chan CC, Ferris FL, 3rd, Chew EY. Age-related macular degeneration. Lancet 2008;372(9652):1835-1845.
3. Congdon N, O'Colmain B, Klaver CC, Klein R, Munoz B, Friedman DS, Kempen J, Taylor HR, Mitchell P. Causes and prevalence of visual impairment among adults in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol 2004;122(4):477-485. (Pubitemid 38456282)
4. Jager R, Mieler W, Miller J. Age-related macular degenera-tion. N Engl J Med 2008;358:2606-2617.
5. Lord SR, Dayhew J. Visual risk factors for falls in older peo-ple. J Am Geriatr Soc 2001;49(5):508-515. (Pubitemid 32525019)
6. Pascolini D, Mariotti SP, Pokharel GP, Pararajasegaram R, Etya'ale D, Negrel AD, Resnikoff S. 2002 global update of available data on visual impairment: a compilation of population-based prevalence studies. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2004;11(2):67-115. (Pubitemid 38530465)
7. Friedman DS, O'Colmain BJ, Munoz B, Tomany SC, McCarty C, de Jong PT, Nemesure B, Mitchell P, Kempen J. Prevalence of age-related macular degeneration in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol 2004;122(4):564-572. (Pubitemid 38456293)
8. Wang JJ, Rochtchina E, Lee AJ, Chia EM, Smith W, Cumming RG, Mitchell P. Ten-year incidence and progression of age-related maculopathy: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Ophthalmology 2007;114:92-98. (Pubitemid 46014292)
9. Klein R, Klein BE, Knudtson MD, Meuer SM, Swift M, Gangnon RE. Fifteen-year cumulative incidence of age-related macular degeneration: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Ophthalmology 2007;114(2):253-262. (Pubitemid 46161820)
10. Johnson LV, Anderson DH. Age-related macular degen-eration and the extracellular matrix. N Engl J Med 2004;351(4):320-322. (Pubitemid 38944398)
11. Seddon JM, George S, Rosner B, Rifai N. Progression of age-related macular degeneration: prospective assessment of C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and other cardiovascular biomarkers. Arch Ophthalmol 2005;123:774-782. (Pubitemid 41056598)
12. Vine AK, Stader J, Branham K, Musch DC, Swaroop A. Biomarkers of cardiovascular disease as risk factors for age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology 2005;112(12):2076-2080. (Pubitemid 41720983)
13. Zarbin M. Current concepts in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 2004;122:598-614. (Pubitemid 38456297)
14. Ciulla TA. Evolving pathophysiological paradigms for age related macular degeneration. Br J Ophthalmol 2001;85(5):510-512. (Pubitemid 32397817)
15. Kalayoglu M, Bula D, Arroyo J. Identifcation of Chlamydia pneumoniae within human choroidal neovascular mem-branes secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2005;243:1080.
16. Folkman J. Endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis. Harvey Lect 1996;92:65-82.
17. Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor: basic science and clinical progress. Endocr Rev 2004;25(4):581-611. (Pubitemid 39099316)
18. Hyman L, Neborsky R. Risk factors for age-related macu-lar degeneration: an update. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2002;13:174.
19. Ferrara N, Henzel W. Pituitary follicular cells secrete a novel heparin-binding growth factor specifc for vas-cular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989;161:851
20. Boekhoorn S, Vingerling J, Witteman J. C-reactive 20 pro-tein level and risk of aging macula disorder: The Rotterdam Study. Arch Ophthalmol 2007;125:1396.
21. Schaumberg D, Christen W, Buring J. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, other markers of infammation, and the incidence of macular degeneration in women. Arch Ophthalmol 2007;125:300.
22. Davignon J, Leiter LA. Ongoing clinical trials of the pleiotropic effects of statins. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2005;1(1):29-40.
23. Shafq N, Malhotra S, Pandhi P, Grover A. The "Statinth" wonder of the world a panacea for all illnesses or a bubble about to burst. J Negat Results Biomed 2005;4:3.
24. Nissen S, Nicholls S, Sipahi I. Effect of very high-intensity statin therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis: the ASTEROID trial. JAMA 2006;295:1556-1565.
25. Watson KE. The JUPITER trial: how will it change clinical practice? Rev Cardiovasc Med 2009;10(2):91-96.
26. Hansson GK. Infammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2005;352(16):1685-1695.
27. Shalev V, Chodick G, Silber H, Kokia E, Jan J, Heymann A. Continuation of statin treatment and all-cause mortal-ity: a population-based cohort study. Arch Intern Med 2009;169:260-268.
28. Chodick G, Heymann AD, Flash S, Kokia E, Shalev V. Persistence with statins and incident cataract: a popula-tion-based historical cohort study. Ann Epidemiol 2010; 20(2):136-142.
29. Shalev V, Chodick G, Silber H, Kokia E, Jan J, Heymann AD. Continuation of statin treatment, and all-cause mor-tality: a population-based cohort study. Arch Intern Med 2009;169(3):260-268.
30. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics: 1995 Census of Population and Housing Jerusalem. 1998.
31. Chodick G, Heymann AD, Shalev V, Kookia E. The epide-miology of diabetes in a large Israeli HMO. Eur J Epidemiol 2003;18:1143-1146. (Pubitemid 38083960)
32. Valuck R, Williams S, MacArthur M, Saseen J, Nair K, McCollum M, Ensor J. A retrospective cohort study of cor-relates of response to pharmacologic therapy for hyperlipi-demia in members of a managed care organization. Clin Ther 2003;25:2936-2957. (Pubitemid 37510602)
33. Meyer J, Schultz J, O'Donnell J, Patel P, Sasane R. Patterns and effectiveness of lipid-lowering therapies in a managed care environment Value in Health 2005;8:601-612
34. Jones P, Kafonek S, Laurora I, Hunninghake D. Comparative dose effcacy study of atorvastatin versus simvastatin, pravastatin, lovastatin, and fuvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia (the CURVES study). Am J Cardiol 1998;81:582-587. (Pubitemid 28182422)
35. Dujovne C, Knopp R, Kwiterovich P, Hunninghake D, McBride T, Poland M. Randomized comparison of the eff-cacy and safety of cerivastatin and pravastatin in 1030 hyper-cholesterolemic patients: the Cerivastatin Study Group. May Clin Proc 2000;75:1124-1132.
36. Hall NF, Gale CR, Syddall H, Phillips DI, Martyn CN. Risk of macular degeneration in users of statins: cross sectional study. BMJ 2001;323(7309):375-376. (Pubitemid 32762463)
37. McCarty CA, Mukesh BN, Guymer RH, Baird PN, Taylor HR. Cholesterol-lowering medications reduce the risk of age-related maculopathy progression. Med J Aust 2001;175(6):340. (Pubitemid 32888333)
38. van Leeuwen R, Vingerling JR, Hofman A, de Jong PT, Stricker BH. Cholesterol lowering drugs and risk of age related maculopathy: prospective cohort study with cumulative exposure measurement. BMJ 2003;326(7383):255-256. (Pubitemid 36169589)
39. Klein R, Klein BE, Jensen SC, Cruickshanks KJ, Lee KE, Danforth LG, Tomany SC. Medication use and the 5-year incidence of early age-related maculopathy: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Arch Ophthalmol 2001;119(9):1354-1359. (Pubitemid 32994881)
40. van Leeuwen R, Tomany SC, Wang JJ, Klein R, Mitchell P, Hofman A, Klein BE, Vingerling JR, Cumming RG, de Jong PT. Is medication use associated with the incidence of early age-related maculopathy? Pooled fndings from 3 continents. Ophthalmology 2004;111(6):1169-1175. (Pubitemid 38736996)
41. Tomany SC, Cruickshanks KJ, Klein R, Klein BE, Knudtson MD. Sunlight and the 10-year incidence of age-related maculopathy: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Arch Ophthalmol 2004;122(5):750-757. (Pubitemid 38596256)
42. Maguire MG, Ying GS, McCannel CA, Liu C, Dai Y. Statin use and the incidence of advanced age-related macu-lar degeneration in the Complications of Age-related Macular Degeneration Prevention Trial. Ophthalmology 2009;116(12):2381-2385.
43. Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE. Relation of smoking to the inci-dence of age-related maculopathy. The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Am J Epidemiol 1998;147(2):103-110. (Pubitemid 28060479)
44. Seddon JM, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Hankinson SE. A pro-spective study of cigarette smoking and age-related macular degeneration in women. JAMA 1996;276(14):1141-1146. (Pubitemid 26329740)
45. Christen WG, Glynn RJ, Manson JE, Ajani UA, Buring JE. A prospective study of cigarette smoking and risk of age-related macular degeneration in men. JAMA 1996;276(14):1147-1151. (Pubitemid 26329741)
46. Tan JS, Mitchell P, Rochtchina E, Wang JJ. Statins and the long-term risk of incident age-related macular degen-eration: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Am J Ophthalmol 2007;143(4):685-687. (Pubitemid 46452504)
47. Khan JC, Thurlby DA, Shahid H, Clayton DG, Yates JR, Bradley M, Moore AT, Bird AC. Smoking and age related macular degeneration: the number of pack years of cigarette smoking is a major determinant of risk for both geographic atrophy and choroidal neovascularisation. Br J Ophthalmol 2006;90(1):75-80. (Pubitemid 43029901)
48. Clemons TE, Milton RC, Klein R, Seddon JM, Ferris FL, 3rd. Risk factors for the incidence of advanced age-related macular degeneration in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) AREDS report no. 19. Ophthalmology 2005;112(4):533-539. (Pubitemid 41108849)
49. Delcourt C, Diaz JL, Ponton-Sanchez A, Papoz L. Smoking and age-related macular degeneration. The POLA Study. Pathologies Oculaires Liees a l'Age. Arch Ophthalmol 1998;116(8):1031-1035. (Pubitemid 29101827)
50. Topouzis F, Anastasopoulos E, Augood C, Bentham GC, Chakravarthy U, de Jong PT, Rahu M, Seland J, Soubrane G, Tomazzoli L, et al. Association of diabetes with age-related macular degeneration in the EUREYE study. Br J Ophthalmol 2009;93(8):1037-1041.
51. Tan JS, Mitchell P, Smith W, Wang JJ. Cardiovascular risk factors and the long-term incidence of age-related macular degeneration: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Ophthalmology 2007;114(6):1143-1150. (Pubitemid 46829381)
52. van Leeuwen R, Ikram MK, Vingerling JR, Witteman JC, Hofman A, de Jong PT. Blood pressure, atherosclerosis, and the incidence of age-related maculopathy: the Rotterdam Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003;44(9):3771- 3777. (Pubitemid 37047945)
53. Delcourt C, Michel F, Colvez A, Lacroux A, Delage M, Vernet MH. Associations of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors with age-related macular degeneration: the POLA study. Ophthal Epidemiol 2001;8(4):237-249. (Pubitemid 32681944)
54. Vingerling JR, Dielemans I, Bots ML, Hofman A, Grobbee DE, de Jong PT. Age-related macular degeneration is associated with atherosclerosis. The Rotterdam Study. Am J Epidemiol 1995;142(4):404-409.
55. Risk factors associated with age-related macular degen-eration. A case-control study in the age-related eye disease study: Age-Related Eye Disease Study Report Number 3. Ophthalmology 2000;107(12):2224-2232.
56. Klein R, Klein BE, Franke T. The relationship of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors to age-related maculopathy. The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Ophthalmology 1993;100(3):406-414. (Pubitemid 23088542)
57. Klein R, Clegg L, Cooper LS, Hubbard LD, Klein BE, King WN, Folsom AR. Prevalence of age-related maculopathy in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Arch Ophthalmol 1999;117(9):1203-1210. (Pubitemid 29428829)
58. Klein R, Klein BE, Marino EK, Kuller LH, Furberg C, Burke GL, Hubbard LD. Early age-related maculopathy in the cardiovascular health study. Ophthalmology 2003;110(1):25-33. (Pubitemid 36068722)
59. Smith W, Assink J, Klein R, Mitchell P, Klaver CC, Klein BE, Hofman A, Jensen S, Wang JJ, de Jong PT. Risk factors for age-related macular degeneration: pooled fndings from three continents. Ophthalmology 2001;108(4):697-704. (Pubitemid 32238465)
60. Klein R, Klein BE, Tomany SC, Cruickshanks KJ. The associa-tion of cardiovascular disease with the long-term incidence of age-related maculopathy: the Beaver Dam eye study. Ophthalmology 2003;110(4):636-643. (Pubitemid 36520056)
61. Klein R, Klein BE, Tomany SC, Cruickshanks KJ. The associa-tion of cardiovascular disease with the long-term incidence of age-related maculopathy: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Ophthalmology 2003;110(6):1273-1280.
62. Chodick G, Shalev V, Gerber Y, Heymann AD, Silber H, Simah V, Kokia E. Long-term persistence with statin treat-ment in a not-for-proft health maintenance organization: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Israel. Clin Therapeut 2008;30(11):2167-2179.