Environmental impacts of the Swiss collection and recovery systems for Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE): A follow-up

Science of the Total Environment

Volumn 409, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 1746-1756

  Wager P A ^a   Hischier, R ^a   Eugster, M ^a  

^a SWISS FEDERAL LABORATORIES FOR MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Collection; Environmental impacts; Life cycle assessment; Material flow analysis; Recycling; WEEE

Indexed keywords

COLLECTION; COMPREHENSIVE STUDIES; ECOINVENT; ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS; ENVIRONMENTAL LOADS; LANDFILLING; LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT; LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY DATABASE; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENTS; MATERIAL FLOW; MATERIAL FLOW ANALYSIS; OZONE DEPLETION; PRE-PROCESSING; RECOVERY SYSTEMS; WASTE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT; WEEE;

AMPLIFIERS (ELECTRONIC); GLOBAL WARMING; LIFE CYCLE; METAL ANALYSIS; METAL RECOVERY; OSCILLATORS (ELECTRONIC); OZONE; OZONE LAYER; RATING; RECYCLING; WASTE INCINERATION;

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT;

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT; INCINERATION; LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS; RECYCLING; WASTE DISPOSAL; WASTE FACILITY; WASTE MANAGEMENT; WASTE TREATMENT;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPLOITATION; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT; GEOCHEMISTRY; GREENHOUSE EFFECT; INCINERATION; LANDFILL; LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT; MATERIALS MANAGEMENT; OZONE DEPLETION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROCESS DESIGN; PROCESS DEVELOPMENT; PROCESSING; PRODUCT RECOVERY; QUALITY CONTROL; RECYCLING; SWITZERLAND; WASTE DISPOSAL; WASTE MANAGEMENT;

ELECTRONIC WASTE; ENVIRONMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; SWITZERLAND; WASTE MANAGEMENT;

SWITZERLAND;

EID: 79952625963     PISSN: 00489697     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.01.050     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Ansems A.M.M., van Gijlswijk R.N. Eco-efficiency of routes for selected WEEE products containing plastics 2001, TNO Environment EaPI, Apeldoorn (The Netherlands).
2. Betts K. Producing usable materials from e-waste. Environ Sci Technol 2008, 42:6782-6783.
3. Doka G. Life cycle inventories of waste treatment services. Dübendorf, CH http://www.ecoinvent.ch.
4. Duan H., Eugster M., Hischier R., Streicher-Porte M., Li J. Life cycle assessment study of a Chinese desktop personal computer. Sci Total Environ 2009, 407:1755-1764.
5. ecoinvent Centre ecoinvent data v1.1. Dübendorf, CH http://www.ecoinvent.ch.
6. ecoinvent Centre ecoinvent data v2.01. Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories. Centre e, Dübendorf http://www.ecoinvent.ch.
7. European Commission Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. Off J Eur Union 2003, 19-23.
8. European Commission Directive 2002/96/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 2003 on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), Brussels 2003.
9. Eurostat WEEE collection rate, kg per capita 2010, European Commission, Brussels (Belgium).
10. Fleischer G. Methodik des Vergleichs von Verwertungs-/Entsorgungswegen im Rahmen der Ökobilanz. Abfallwirtschafts J 1994, 6:697-701.
11. Goedkoop M., Spriensma R. The Eco-indicator 99: a damage oriented method for life cycle impact assessment. Consultants P, Amersfoort, The Netherlands http://www.pre.nl/eco-indicator99/.
12. Guinée J.B., Gorrée M., Heijungs R., Huppes G., Kleijn R., de Koning A., et al. Life cycle assessment. An operational guide to the ISO standards. Part 3: Scientific Background. Ministry of Housing SPaEVaCoESC, Den Haag and Leiden, The Netherlands 2001, http://www.leidenuniv.nl/cml/ssp/projects/lca2/lca2.html.
13. Hagelüken C., Meskers C.E.M. Complex life cycles of precious and special metals. Linkages of sustainability. 4 2010, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. T. Graedel, E. van der Voet (Eds.).
14. Hischier R., Baudin I. LCA study of a plasma television device. Int J Life Cycle Assess 2010, 15:428-438.
15. Hischier R., Wäger P.A., Gauglhofer J. Does WEEE recycling make sense from an environmental perspective? The environmental impacts of the Swiss take-back and recycling systems for waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Environ Impact Assess Rev 2005, 25:525-539.
16. Hischier R., Classen M., Lehmann M., Scharnhorst W. Life cycle inventories of electric and electronic equipment: production, use and disposal. Dübendorf, CH http://www.ecoinvent.ch.
17. Huisman J., Magalini F., Kuehr R., Maurer C., Ogilvie S., Poll J., et al. 2008 Review of Directive 2002/96 on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/weee/pdf/final_rep_unu.pdf.
18. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Environmental management-life cycle assessment - requirements and guidelines. Geneva (Switzerland) 2006.
19. Morf L.S., Tremp J., Gloor R., Schuppisser F., Stengele M., R.T. Metals, non-metals and PCB in electrical and electronic waste - actual levels in Switzerland. Waste Manage Res 2007, 27:1306-1316.
20. Morf L., Tremp J., Gloor R., Huber Y., Stengele M., Zennegg M. Brominated flame retardants in waste electric and electronic equipement: substance flows in a recycling plant. Environ Sci Technol 2005, 39:8691-8699.
21. Robinson B.H. E-waste: an assessment of global production and environmental impacts. Sci Total Environ 2009, 408:183-191.
22. Schlummer M., Gruber L., Mäurer A., Wolz G., van Eldik R. Characterisation of polymer fractions from waste electrical and electronic equipement (WEEE) and implications for waste management. Chemosphere 2007, 67:1866-1876.
23. SENS Report of the Technical Inspectorate 2009. Stiftung Entsorgung Schweiz (SENS), Zürich (Switzerland) http://www.sens.ch/global/pdf/marktplatz/100624_SENS_FB_2009_druck_e.pdf.
24. Sepúlveda A., Schluep M., Renaud F.G., Streicher M., Kuehr R., Hagelüken C., et al. A review of the environmental fate and effects of hazardous substances released from electrical and electronic equipments during recycling: examples from China and India. Environ Impact Assess Rev 2010, 30:28-41.
25. Sinha-Khetriwal D., Kräuchi P., Widmer R. Producer responsibility for e-waste management: key issues for consideration - learning from the Swiss experience. J Environ Manage 2009, 90:153-165.
26. SWICO Recycling 2009 Activity Report. Swiss Economic Association for Information Communications and Organisational Technology, Zürich (Switzerland) http://www.swicorecycling.ch/downloads/497/243925/swi_taetigkeitsbericht_e.pdf.
27. Wäger P.A., Lang D.L., Bleischwitz R., Hagelüken C., Meissner S., Reller A., et al. Seltene Metalle - Rohstoffe für Zukunftstechnologien. Zürich http://www.satw.ch/publikationen/schriften/SelteneMetalle.pdf.
28. Wäger P.A., Schluep M., Müller E. RoHS substances in mixed plastics from waste electrical and electronic equipment. Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen http://www.weee-forum.org/index.php?section=general&page=news&id=205&weeeforum=30336b7ac5638f6dff2d76ab4fb6adad.
29. WEEE Forum 2008 Key figures. Key figures on quantities of electrical and electronic equipment put on the market, quantities of WEEE collected, and costs related to WEEE management http://www.weee-forum.org/doc/key_figures_2008.pdf?weeeforum=4bdae0d72ae2730105af31572819aab8.