Treatment of two-phase flow in cathode gas channel for an improved one-dimensional proton exchange membrane fuel cell model

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Volumn 36, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 3941-3955

  Wong, K H ^a   Loo, K H ^a   Lai, Y M ^a   Tan, Siew Chong ^a   Tse, Chi K ^a  

^a HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Gas channel flooding; Inlet gas conditions; Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Two phase flow

Indexed keywords

AIR PRESSURES; AIR STOICHIOMETRY; BOUNDARY VALUES; CAPILLARY PRESSURES; CATHODE GAS CHANNEL; CATHODE REGION; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS MODELS; CONVECTIVE FLOW; DARCY'S LAW; EXPERIMENTAL DATA; FUEL CELL MODEL; FUEL CELL PERFORMANCE; GAS CHANNELS; GAS DIFFUSION LAYERS; INLET AIR; INLET CONDITIONS; INLET GAS; LIQUID WATER SATURATION; MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLIES; ONE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL; PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL MODELS; RELATIVE HUMIDITIES; SIMULATION RESULT; WATER DISTRIBUTIONS; WATER TRANSPORT; WATERFLOODING;

AIR; ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY; ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; CATHODES; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS; DIFFUSION IN GASES; GASES; INLET FLOW; INTAKE SYSTEMS; LIQUIDS; MEMBRANES; ONE DIMENSIONAL; PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS (PEMFC); PROTONS; STOICHIOMETRY; TWO PHASE FLOW; WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; WATER TREATMENT;

PHASE INTERFACES;

EID: 79952440279     PISSN: 03603199     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.12.092     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. J.H. Nam, and M. Kaviany Effective diffusivity and water-saturation distribution in single- and two-layer pemfc diffusion medium International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 46 24 2003 4595 4611 (Pubitemid 37111150)
2. U. Pasaogullari, and C.Y. Wang Liquid water transport in gas diffusion layer of polymer electrolyte fuel cells Journal of the Electrochemical Society 151 3 2004 A399 A406
3. G. Lin, W. He, and T.V. Nguyen Modeling liquid water effects in the gas diffusion and catalyst layers of the cathode of a pem fuel cell Journal of the Electrochemical Society 151 12 2004 A1999 A2006
4. Z. Zhan, J. Xiao, D. Li, M. Pan, and R. Yuan Effects of porosity distribution variation on the liquid water flux through gas diffusion layers of pem fuel cells Journal of Power Sources 160 2 2006 1041 1048 (Pubitemid 44441694)
5. Z. Zhan, J. Xiao, Y. Zhang, M. Pan, and R. Yuan Gas diffusion through differently structured gas diffusion layers of pem fuel cells International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 32 17 2007 4443 4451 (Pubitemid 350180179)
6. S.M. Chang, and H.S. Chu A transient model of pem fuel cells based on a spherical thin film-agglomerate approach Journal of Power Sources 172 2 2007 790 798
7. W. Shi, E. Kurihara, and N. Oshima Effect of capillary pressure on liquid water removal in the cathode gas diffusion layer of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell Journal of Power Sources 182 1 2008 112 118
8. C. Ziegler, H.M. Yu, and J.O. Schumacher Two-phase dynamic modeling of pemfcs and simulation of cyclo-voltammograms Journal of the Electrochemical Society 152 8 2005 A1555 A1567
9. A.Z. Weber, R.M. Darling, and J. Newman Modeling two-phase behavior in pefcs Journal of the Electrochemical Society 151 10 2004 A1715 A1727
10. U. Pasaogullari, C.Y. Wang, and K.S. Chen Two-phase transport in polymer electrolyte fuel cells with bilayer cathode gas diffusion media Journal of the Electrochemical Society 152 8 2005 A1574 A1582
11. X. Wang, and T.V. Nguyen Modeling the effects of capillary property of porous media on the performance of the cathode of a pemfc Journal of the Electrochemical Society 155 11 2008 B1085 B1092
12. D. Song, Q. Wang, Z.S. Liu, and C. Huang Transient analysis for the cathode gas diffusion layer of pem fuel cells Journal of Power Sources 159 2 2006 928 942 (Pubitemid 44301677)
13. H. Ju Analyzing the effects of immobile liquid saturation and spatial wettability variation on liquid water transport in diffusion media of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (pefcs) Journal of Power Sources 185 1 2008 55 62
14. K. Tüber, D.P. ócza, and C. Hebling Visualization of water buildup in the cathode of a transparent pem fuel cell Journal of Power Sources 124 2 2003 403 414
15. X.G. Yang, F.Y. Zhang, A.L. Lubawy, and C.Y. Wang Visualization of liquid water transport in a pefc Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 7 11 2004 A408 A411
16. X. Liu, H. Guo, F. Ye, and C.F. Ma Water flooding and pressure drop characteristics in flow channels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells Electrochimica Acta 52 11 2007 3607 3614
17. H. Masuda, K. Ito, T. Oshima, and K. Sasaki Comparison between numerical simulation and visualization experiment on water behavior in single straight flow channel polymer electrolyte fuel cells Journal of Power Sources 177 2 2008 303 313
18. I.S. Hussaini, and C.Y. Wang Visualization and quantification of cathode channel flooding in pem fuel cells Journal of Power Sources 187 2 2009 444 451
19. Y. Wang, S. Basu, and C.Y. Wang Modeling two-phase flow in pem fuel cell channels Journal of Power Sources 179 2 2008 603 617
20. A.A. Shah, G.S. Kim, W. Gervais, A. Young, K. Promislow, and J. Li The effects of water and microstructure on the performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cells Journal of Power Sources 160 2 2006 1251 1268 (Pubitemid 44441705)
21. A.A. Shah, G.S. Kim, P.C. Sui, and D. Harvey Transient non-isothermal model of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell Journal of Power Sources 163 2 2007 793 806 (Pubitemid 44959596)
22. D. Gerteisen, T. Heilmann, and C. Ziegler Modeling the phenomena of dehydration and flooding of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell Journal of Power Sources 187 1 2009 165 181
23. B.R. Babin, G.P. Peterson, and D. Wu Steady-state modeling and testing of a micro heat pipe Journal of Heat Transfer 112 3 1990 595 601 (Pubitemid 20734850)
24. C.-Y. Wang, M. Groll, S. Roler, and C.-J. Tu Porous medium model for two-phase flow in mini channels with applications to micro heat pipes Heat Recovery Systems and CHP 14 4 1994 377 389
25. J.M. Ha, and G.P. Peterson Analytical prediction of the axial dryout point for evaporating liquids in triangular microgrooves Journal of Heat Transfer 116 2 1994 498 503
26. J.P. Longtin, B. Badran, and F.M. Gerner A one-dimensional model of a micro heat pipe during steady-state operation Journal of Heat Transfer 116 3 1994 709 715 (Pubitemid 284855)
27. K.-K. Tio, C.Y. Liu, and K.C. Toh Thermal analysis of micro heat pipes using a porous-medium model Heat and Mass Transfer 36 2000 21 28 (Pubitemid 30584476)
28. D. Sugumar, and K.-K. Tio Thermal analysis of inclined micro heat pipes Journal of Heat Transfer 128 2 2006 198 202
29. L. Vasiliev Micro and miniature heat pipes - electronic component coolers Applied Thermal Engineering 28 4 2008 266 273 (Pubitemid 350088540)
30. D. Sugumar, and K.-K. Tio The effects of working fluid on the heat transport capacity of a microheat pipe Journal of Heat Transfer 131 1 2009 012401
31. Y.M. Hung, and K.-K. Tio Analysis of microheat pipes with axial conduction in the solid wall Journal of Heat Transfer 132 7 2010 071301
32. S. Basu, C.-Y. Wang, and K.S. Chen Two-phase flow maldistribution and mitigation in polymer electrolyte fuel cells Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 6 2009 031007
33. S. Basu, J. Li, and C.-Y. Wang Two-phase flow and maldistribution in gas channels of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell Journal of Power Sources 187 2 2009 431 443
34. A.M.O. Smith Remarks on transition in a round tube Journal of Fluid Mechanics 7 04 1960 565 576
35. D.J. Tritton Physical fluid dynamics 1988 Oxford University Press New York
36. R.K. Shah, and A.L. London Laminar flow forced convection in ducts 1978 Academic Press New York
37. J. Bear Dynamics of fluids in porous media 1972 American Elsevier Pub. Co. New York
38. D. Spernjak, A.K. Prasad, and S.G. Advani Experimental investigation of liquid water formation and transport in a transparent single-serpentine pem fuel cell Journal of Power Sources 170 2 2007 334 344 (Pubitemid 46873862)
39. G.F. Pinder, and G.G. William Essentials of multiphase flow and transport in porous media 2008 John Wiley & Sons
40. H. Meng, and C.Y. Wang Model of two-phase flow and flooding dynamics in polymer electrolyte fuel cells Journal of the Electrochemical Society 152 9 2005 A1733 A1741
41. V.P. Schulz, J. Becker, A. Wiegmann, P.P. Mukherjee, and C.-Y. Wang Modeling of two-phase behavior in the gas diffusion medium of pefcs via full morphology approach Journal of the Electrochemical Society 154 4 2007 B419 B426
42. P.K. Sinha, and C.-Y. Wang Pore-network modeling of liquid water transport in gas diffusion layer of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell Electrochimica Acta 52 28 2007 7936 7945 (Pubitemid 47301818)
43. B. Markicevic, A. Bazylak, and N. Djilali Determination of transport parameters for multiphase flow in porous gas diffusion electrodes using a capillary network model Journal of Power Sources 171 2 2007 706 717 (Pubitemid 47368974)
44. J.T. Gostick, M.A. Ioannidis, M.W. Fowler, and M.D. Pritzker Pore network modeling of fibrous gas diffusion layers for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells Journal of Power Sources 173 1 2007 277 290 (Pubitemid 47498848)
45. P.K. Sinha, and C.-Y. Wang Liquid water transport in a mixed-wet gas diffusion layer of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell Chemical Engineering Science 63 4 2008 1081 1091
46. O. Chapuis, M. Prat, M. Quintard, E. Chane-Kane, O. Guillot, and N. Mayer Two-phase flow and evaporation in model fibrous media: application to the gas diffusion layer of pem fuel cells Journal of Power Sources 178 1 2008 258 268
47. K.-J. Lee, J.H. Nam, and C.-J. Kim Pore-network analysis of two-phase water transport in gas diffusion layers of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells Electrochimica Acta 54 4 2009 1166 1176
48. K.-J. Lee, J.H. Nam, and C.-J. Kim Steady saturation distribution in hydrophobic gas-diffusion layers of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: a pore-network study Journal of Power Sources 195 1 2010 130 141
49. Q. Yan, H. Toghiani, and H. Causey Steady state and dynamic performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (pemfcs) under various operating conditions and load changes Journal of Power Sources 161 1 2006 492 502 (Pubitemid 44442736)
50. M. Eikerling Water management in cathode catalyst layers of pem fuel cells Journal of the Electrochemical Society 153 3 2006 E58 E70
51. D.A.G. Bruggeman Berechnung verschiedener physikalischer konstanten von heterogenen substanzen Annalen der Physik 416 7 1935 636 664
52. T.E. Springer, T.A. Zawodzinski, and S. Gottesfeld Polymer electrolyte fuel cell model Journal of the Electrochemical Society 138 8 1991 2334 2342 (Pubitemid 21699642)
53. S. Motupally, A.J. Becker, and J.W. Weidner Diffusion of water in nafion 115 membranes Journal of the Electrochemical Society 147 9 2000 3171 3177
54. T.V. Nguyen, and W. He Ch. 8 of Vol. 3 of Handbook of fuel cell-fundamentals, technology and applications 2003 John Wiley & Sons
55. W. Sun, B.A. Peppley, and K. Karan An improved two-dimensional agglomerate cathode model to study the influence of catalyst layer structural parameters Electrochimica Acta 50 16-17 2005 3359 3374 (Pubitemid 40661529)
56. S. Litster, and G. McLean Pem fuel cell electrodes Journal of Power Sources 130 1-2 2004 61 76 (Pubitemid 41325892)
57. F.P. Incropera, and D.P. Dewitt Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer 1990 John Wiley & Sons
58. D.R. Lide, and W.M. Haynes CRC handbook of chemistry and physics 2010 The CRC Press
59. R.B. Bird, W.E. Stewart, and E.N. Lightfoot Transport phenomena 1960 John Wiley & Sons
60. D.M. Bernardi, and M.W. Verbrugge Mathematical model of a gas diffusion electrode bonded to a polymer electrolyte AIChE Journal 37 8 1991 1151 1163
61. Q. Ye, and T.V. Nguyen Three-dimensional simulation of liquid water distribution in a pemfc with experimentally measured capillary functions Journal of the Electrochemical Society 154 12 2007 B1242 B1251
62. J.C. Amphlett, R.M. Baumert, R.F. Mann, B.A. Peppley, P.R. Roberge, and T.J. Harris Performance modeling of the ballard mark iv solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell Journal of the Electrochemical Society 142 1 1995 1 8