Compartment syndrome of the upper extremity

Journal of Hand Surgery

Volumn 36, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 544-559

  Leversedge, Fraser J ^a,b   Moore, Thomas J ^a,b   Peterson, Bret C ^a,b   Seiler III, John G ^a,b  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Compartment syndrome; exertional; fasciotomy; Volkmanns

Indexed keywords

CREATINE KINASE; MANNITOL;

ACUTE DISEASE; ARM; ARM EXERCISE; ARTICLE; CHRONIC DISEASE; CHRONIC EXERTIONAL COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; CLINICAL PRACTICE; COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; CREATINE KINASE BLOOD LEVEL; DEBRIDEMENT; DECOMPRESSION SURGERY; DISEASE SEVERITY; DIURESIS; ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; FASCIOTOMY; FLUID BALANCE; FOREARM; HAND; INCISION; MANOMETER; MYOGLOBINURIA; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PATIENT MONITORING; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; POSTOPERATIVE CARE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPLINT; SURGICAL APPROACH; URINALYSIS; WOUND CARE;

EID: 79952306334     PISSN: 03635023     EISSN: 15316564     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2010.12.008     Document Type: Article

References (95)

1. R. Volkmann Die ischaemischen Muskellahmungen und Kontrakturen Centralbl Chir 8 1881 801 803
2. L. Bardenheuer Die entstehung und behandlung der ischaemichen muskelkontractur und gangran Deutsche Ztschr F Chir 108 1911 44
3. D.L. Griffiths Volkmann's ischaemic contracture Br J Surg 28 1940 239 260
4. E.G. Bywaters, and D. Beall Crush injuries with impairment of renal impairment Br Med J 1 1941 427 432
5. G. Bentley, and T.E. Jeffreys The crush syndrome in coal miners J Bone Joint Surg 50B 1968 588 594
6. C.H. Rorabeck The pathophysiology of Volkmann's ischemia Orthop Trans 2 1978 78 79
7. T.E. Whitesides, H. Harada, and K. Morimoto Compartment syndromes and the role of fasciotomy, its parameters and techniques AAOS Instructional Course Lecture 26 1977 179 196
8. R.B. Heppenstall, A.A. Sapega, and R. Scott The compartment syndrome An experimental and clinical study of muscular energy metabolism using phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Clin Orthop Rel Res 226 1988 138 155 (Pubitemid 18049794)
9. M.J. Matava, T.E. Whitesides, J.G. Seiler 3rd, K. Hewan-Lowe, and W.C. Hutton Determination of the compartment pressure threshold of muscle ischemia in a canine model J Trauma 37 1994 50 58 (Pubitemid 24230813)
10. M.T. Havig, F.J. Leversedge, and J.G. Seiler 3rd Forearm compartment pressures: an in vitro analysis of open and endoscopic assisted fasciotomy J Hand Surg 24A 1999 1289 1297
11. S.J. Mubarak, A.R. Hargens, C.A. Owen, L.P. Garetto, and W.H. Akeson The wick catheter technique for measurement of intramuscular pressure J Bone Joint Surg 58A 1976 1016 1020
12. S.J. Mubarak, and A.R. Hargens Acute compartment syndromes Surg Clin North Am 63 1983 539 565 (Pubitemid 13074054)
13. S.J. Mubarak A practical approach to compartment syndromes Part II AAOS Instructional Course Lecture 32 1983 92 102
14. A.R. Hargens, J.S. Romine, J.C. Sipe, K.L. Evans, S.J. Mubarak, and W.H. Akeson Peripheral nerve-conduction block by high muscle-compartment pressure J Bone Joint Surg 61A 1979 192 200 (Pubitemid 9130286)
15. F.A. Matsen, R.A. Winquist, and R.B. Krugmire Diagnosis and management of compartment syndromes J Bone Joint Surg 62A 1980 286 291
16. T.E. Whitesides, T.C. Haney, H. Harada, H.E. Holmes, and K. Morimoto A simple method for tissue pressure determination Arch Surg 110 1975 1311 1313
17. R.H. Gelberman, S.R. Garfin, P.T. Hergenroeder, S.J. Mubarak, and J. Menon Compartment syndromes of the forearm: diagnosis and treatment Clin Orthop Relat Res 161 1981 252 261 (Pubitemid 12202269)
18. G.D. Chloros, A. Papadonikolakis, S. Ginn, and E.R. Wiesler Pronator quadratus space and compartment syndrome after low-energy fracture of the distal radius: a case report J Surg Orthop Adv 17 2008 102 106
19. S.L. Summerfield, C.R. Folberg, and A.P. Weiss Compartment syndrome of the pronator quadratus: a case report J Hand Surg 22A 1997 266 268 (Pubitemid 27180608)
20. A. DiFelice Jr, J.G. Seiler 3rd, and T.E. Whitesides Jr The compartments of the hand: an anatomic study J Hand Surg 23A 1998 682 686
21. M.Z. Ling, and V.P. Kumar Myofascial compartments of the hand in relation to compartment syndrome: a cadaveric study Plast Reconstr Surg 123 2009 613 616
22. A.A. Halpern, and R.M. Mochizuki Compartment syndrome of the interosseous muscles of the hand Orthop Rev 9 1980 121 127
23. S.B. Schnall, T. Vu-Rose, P.D. Holtom, B. Doyle, and M. Stevanovic Tissue pressures in pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis of the finger J Bone Joint Surg 78B 1996 793 795 (Pubitemid 26328965)
24. H. Ashton Effect of inflatable plastic splints on blood flow BMJ 4 1966 1427 1430
25. C. Aprahamian, G. Gessert, D.F. Bandyk, L. Sell, J. Stiehl, and D.W. Olson MAST-associated compartment syndrome (MACS): a review J Trauma 29 1989 549 555 (Pubitemid 19156482)
26. I. Dahn, N.A. Lassen, and H. Westling Blood flow in human muscles during external pressure or venous stasis Clin Sci 32 1967 467
27. M.M. McQueen, P. Gaston, and C.M. Court-Brown Acute compartment syndrome Who is at risk? J Bone Joint Surg 82B 2000 200 203 (Pubitemid 30167074)
28. R.H. Quinn, and S.T. Ruby Compartment syndrome after elective revascularization for chronic ischemia Arch Surg 127 1992 865 866
29. P.A. Grace Ischaemia-reperfusion injury Br J Surg 81 1994 637 647 (Pubitemid 24192082)
30. S.L. Jensen, and J. Sandermann Compartment syndrome and fasciotomy in vascular surgery A review of 57 cases Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 13 1997 48 53 (Pubitemid 27182149)
31. C.K. Field, J. Senkowsky, and L.H. Hollier Fasciotomy in vascular trauma: is it too much, too often? Am Surg 60 1994 409 411 (Pubitemid 24165994)
32. J.Y. Kim, D.W. Buck 2nd, A.J. Forte, V.S. Subramanian, M.V. Birman, and C.F. Schierle Risk factors for compartment syndrome in traumatic brachial artery injuries: an institutional experience in 139 patients J Trauma 67 2009 1339 1344
33. R.J. Mann, and J.M. Wallquist Early decompression fasciotomy in the treatment of high-voltage electrical burns of the extremities South Med J 68 1975 1103 1108
34. N.S. Piccolo, M.S. Piccolo, P.D. Piccolo, R. Piccolo-Daher, N.D. Piccolo, and M.T. Piccolo Escharotomies, fasciotomies, and carpal tunnel release in burn patientsreview of the literature and presentation of an algorithm for surgical decision making Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir 39 2007 161 167 (Pubitemid 46996886)
35. D.M. Shah, D.E. Bock, R.C. Darling 3rd, B.B. Chang, A.M. Kupinski, and R.P. Leather Beneficial effects of hypertonic mannitol in acute ischemia-reperfusion injuries in humans Cardiovasc Surg 4 1996 97 100 (Pubitemid 26025952)
36. L.K. Hung, A.W.G. Kinninmonth, and M.L. Woo Vibrio vulnificans necrotizing fasciitis presenting with compartmental syndrome of the hand J Hand Surg 3B 1988 337 339
37. R.R. Madigan, W.T. Hanna, and S.L. Wallace Acute compartment syndrome in hemophilia J Bone Joint Surg 63A 1981 1327 1329
38. C. Dumontier, A. Sautet, M. Man, M. Bennani, and A. Apoil Entrapment and compartment syndromes of the upper limb in haemophilia J Hand Surg 19B 1994 427 429 (Pubitemid 24245199)
39. J.E. Lancourt, M.S. Gilbert, and M.A. Posner Management of bleeding and associated complications of hemophilia in the hand and forearm J Bone Joint Surg 59A 1977 451 460 (Pubitemid 8129452)
40. R.L. Ebbeson, M.J. DeKock, N. Penny, and T.R. Kollman Rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, and compartment syndrome in a child with parainfluenza type 1 infection Pediatr Infect Dis J 28 2009 850 852
41. F.J. Neviaser, J.P. Adams, and G.I. May Complications of arterial puncture in anticoagulated patients J Bone Joint Surg 58A 1976 218 220
42. R. Vidal, N. Kissoon, and M. Gayle Compartment syndrome following intraosseous infusion Pediatrics 91 1993 1201 1202 (Pubitemid 23165807)
43. T. Burke, and D.K. Kehl Intraosseous infusion in infants J Bone Joint Surg 75A 1993 428 429
44. S.M. Hay, M.J. Allen, and M.R. Barnes Acute compartment syndromes resulting from anticoagulant treatment BMJ 305 1992 1474 1475
45. D. Younge Haematoma block for fractures of the wrist: a cause of compartment syndrome J Hand Surg 14B 1989 194 195 (Pubitemid 19138436)
46. R.N. Nambisan, and C.P. Karakousis Axillary compression syndrome with neurapraxia due to operative positioning Surgery 105 1989 449 454 (Pubitemid 19076437)
47. F.A. Matsen, and D.K. Clawson The deep posterior compartmental syndrome of the leg J Bone Joint Surg 75A 1975 34 39
48. B.D. Steinberg, and R.H. Gelberman Evaluation of limb compartment with suspected increased interstitial pressure Clin Orthop Relat Res 300 1994 248 253
49. T.L. Greene, and D.S. Louis Compartment syndrome of the arma complication of the pneumatic tourniquet J Bone Joint Surg 65A 1983 270 273 (Pubitemid 13142131)
50. J.G. Seiler 3rd, S. Womack, W.R. De L'Aune, T.E. Whitesides, and W.C. Hutton Intracompartmental pressure measurements in the normal forearm J Orthop Trauma 7 1993 414 416
51. A. Ardolino, N. Zeineh, and D. O'Connor Experimental study of forearm compartmental pressures J Hand Surg 35A 2010 1620 1625
52. F.A. Matsen, and R.B. Krugmire Compartmental syndromes Surg Gynecol Obstet 147 1978 943 949
53. H. Ashton Critical closure in human limbs Br Med Bull 19 1963 149 154
54. R.H. Gelberman, G.S. Zakaib, S.J. Mubarak, A.R. Hargens, and W.H. Akeson Decompression of forearm compartment syndromes Clin Orthop Relat Res 134 1978 225 229 (Pubitemid 9047616)
55. R.H. Gelberman, R.M. Szabo, R.V. Williamson, and A.R. Hargens Tissue pressure threshold for peripheral nerve viability Clin Orthop Relat Res 178 1983 285 291 (Pubitemid 13001172)
56. A.A. Halpern, and D.A. Nagel Compartment syndromes of the foreman: early recognition using tissue pressure measurements J Hand Surg 4A 1979 258 263 (Pubitemid 9232014)
57. G.W. Sheridan, and F.A. Matsen Fasciotomy in the treatment of the acute compartment syndrome J Bone Joint Surg 58A 1976 112 114
58. E.A. Ouellette, and R. Kelly Compartment syndromes of the hand J Bone Joint Surg 78A 1996 1515 1521
59. W. Duran, H. Takenaka, and R. Hobson Microvascular pathophysiology of skeletal muscle ischaemia-reperfusion Semin Vasc Surg 11 1998 203 211
60. R.G. Eaton, and W.T. Green Volkmann's ischemia A volar compartment syndrome of the forearm Clin Orthop Relat Res 113 1975 58 64
61. E.P. Hofmeister, and A.Y. Shin The role of prophylactic fasciotomy and medical treatment in limb ischemia and revascularization Hand Clin 14 1998 457 465 (Pubitemid 28397166)
62. C.J. Dente, D.V. Feliciano, G.S. Rozycki, R.A. Cava, W.L. Ingram, and J.P. Salomone A review of upper extremity fasciotomies in a level 1 trauma center Am Surg 70 2004 1088 1093
63. F.A. Matsen 3rd, K.A. Mayo, R.B. Krugmire Jr, G.W. Sheridan, and G.H. Kraft A model compartmental syndrome in man with particular reference to the quantification of nerve function J Bone Joint Surg 59A 1977 648 653 (Pubitemid 8154896)
64. R.M. Szabo, and R.H. Gelberman Peripheral nerve compressionetiology, critical pressure threshold and clinical assessment Orthopaedics 7 1984 1461
65. F.D. Shuler, and M.J. Dietz Physicians' ability to manually detect isolated elevations in leg intracompartmental pressure J Bone Joint Surg 92A 2010 361 367
66. S.J. Mubarak, and C.A. Owen Double incision fasciotomy of the leg for decompression in compartment syndromes J Bone Joint Surg 59A 1977 184 187 (Pubitemid 8067251)
67. M.M. Heckman, T.E. Whitesides Jr, S.R. Grewe, and M.D. Rooks Compartment pressure in association with closed tibial fractures The relationship between tissue pressure, compartment and the distance from the site of fracture J Bone Joint Surg 76A 1994 1285 1292 (Pubitemid 24336302)
68. D.M. McCarthy, D.G. Sotereanos, J.D. Towers, C.A. Britton, and J.H. Herndon A cadaveric and radiologic assessment of catheter placement for the measurement of forearm compartment pressures Clin Orthop Relat Res 312 1995 268 270
69. C.G. McDougall, and G.H. Johnston A new technique of catheter placement for measurement of forearm compartment pressures J Trauma 31 1991 1404 1407
70. R.S. Reneman The anterior and lateral compartment syndrome of the leg 1968 Mouton The Hague 176
71. F.A. Matsen, K.A. Mayo, G.W. Sheridan, and R.B. Krugmire Jr Monitoring of intramuscular pressure Surgery 79 1976 702 709
72. C. Rorabeck, G. Castle, R. Hardie, and J. Logan Compartmental pressure measurements: an experimental investigation using the slit catheter J Trauma 21 1981 446 449 (Pubitemid 11123012)
73. M.R. Barnes, M.J. Gibson, J. Scott, S. Bentley, and M.J. Allen A technique for the long term measurement of intracompartmental pressure in the lower leg J Biomed Eng 7 1985 35 39 (Pubitemid 15224090)
74. P. Abraham, G. Leftheriotis, and J.L. Saumet Laser Doppler flowmetry in the diagnosis of chronic compartment syndrome J Bone Joint Surg 80B 1998 365 369
75. P.D. Edwards, K.A. Miles, S.J. Owens, P.M. Kemp, and J.R. Jenner A new non-invasive test for the detection of compartment syndromes Nucl Med Commun 20 1999 215 218 (Pubitemid 29113275)
76. S. Arbabi, S.I. Brundage, and L.M. Gentilello Near-infrared spectroscopy: a potential method for continuous, transcutaneous monitoring for compartment syndrome in critically injured patients J Trauma 47 1999 829 833
77. M.S. Shuler, W.M. Reisman, T.E. Whitesides Jr, T.L. Kinsey, E.M. Hammerberg, and M.G. Davila Near-infrared spectroscopy in lower extremity trauma J Bone Joint Surg 91A 2009 1360 1368
78. M.S. Shuler, W.M. Reisman, T.L. Kinsey, T.E. Whitesides Jr, E.M. Hammerberg, and M.G. Davila Correlation between muscle oxygenation and compartment pressures in acute compartment syndrome of the leg J Bone Joint Surg 92A 2010 863 870
79. C. Collinge, and M. Kuper Comparison of three methods for measuring intracompartmental pressure in injured limbs of trauma patients J Orthop Trauma 24 2010 364 368
80. J. Styf Evaluation of injection techniques in recording of intramuscular pressure J Orthop Res 7 1989 812 816 (Pubitemid 19271853)
81. A.R. Boody, and M.D. Wongworawat Accuracy in the measurement of compartment pressures: a comparison of three commonly used devices J Bone Joint Surg 87A 2005 2415 2422 (Pubitemid 41546371)
82. A. Uliasz, J. Ishida, J. Fleming, and L.G. Yamamoto Comparing the methods of measuring compartment pressures in acute compartment syndrome Am J Emerg Med 21 2003 143 145 (Pubitemid 36396827)
83. J.L. Gielen, B. Peersman, G. Peersman, E. Roelant, P. Van Dyck, and F. Vanhoenacker Chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the forearm in motocross racers: findings on MRI Skel Radiol 38 2009 1153 1161
84. J.G. van den Brand, T. Nelson, E.J. Verleisdonk, and C. van der Werken The diagnostic value of intracompartmental pressure measurement, magnetic resonance imaging, and near-infrared spectroscopy in chronic exertional compartment syndrome: a prospective study in 50 patients Am J Sports Med 33 2005 699 704 (Pubitemid 40593766)
85. R.A. Pedowitz, A.R. Hargens, S.J. Mubarak, and D.H. Gershuni Modified criteria for the objective diagnosis of chronic compartment syndrome of the leg Am J Sport Med 18 1990 35 40 (Pubitemid 20041854)
86. L.K. Chidgey, R.M. Szabo, and B. Kolack Effects of elevation on nerve function in an acute upper extremity nerve compression model J Orthop Res 7 1989 783 791 (Pubitemid 19271850)
87. B.M. Cascio, D.B. Pateder, A.J. Farber, D.E. Kramer, M.C. Ain, and F.J. Frassica Improvement in documentation of compartment syndrome with a chart insert Orthopaedics 31 2008 364
88. F.Y. Khan Rhabdomyolysis: A review of the literature Neth J Med 67 2009 272 283
89. D. Buchbinder, A. Karmody, A. Leather, and D.M. Shah Hypertonic mannitol: its use in the prevention of revascularization syndrome after acute arterial ischaemia Arch Surg 116 1981 414 421 (Pubitemid 11152309)
90. D.N. Ronel, E. Mtui, and W.B. Nolan Forearm compartment syndrome: anatomical analysis of surgical approaches to the deep space Plast Reconstr Surg 114 2004 697 705 (Pubitemid 40090372)
91. T.D. Bauman, R.H. Gelberman, S.J. Mubarak, and S.R. Garfin The acute carpal tunnel syndrome Clin Orthop Relat Res 156 1981 151 156 (Pubitemid 11096509)
92. J. Zannis, J. Angobaldo, M. Marks, A. DeFranzo, L. David, and J. Molnar Comparison of fasciotomy wound closures using traditional dressing changes and the vacuum-assisted closure device Ann Plast Surg 62 2009 407 409
93. D.E. Detmer, K. Sharpe, R.L. Sufit, and F.M. Girdley Chronic compartment syndrome: diagnosis, management, and outcomes Am J Sport Med 13 1985 162 170 (Pubitemid 15000490)
94. J.F. Fronek, S.J. Mubarak, A.R. Hargens, Y.F. Lee, D.H. Gershuni, and S.R. Garfin Management of chronic exertional anterior compartment syndrome of the lower extremity Clin Orthop Relat Res 220 1987 217 227 (Pubitemid 17095218)
95. F.J. Leversedge, P.J. Casey, J.G. Seiler 3rd, and J.W. Xerogeanes Endoscopically assisted fasciotomy: description of technique and in vitro assessment of lower-leg compartment decompression Am J Sports Med 30 2002 272 278 (Pubitemid 34241270)