Architecture of the drug-drug interaction network

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics

Volumn 36, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 135-143

  Hu, T M ^a   Hayton, W L ^b  

^a NATIONAL DEFENSE MEDICAL CENTER   (Taiwan)

^b OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

drug interactions; network analysis; power law

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; ANDROGEN; CARBAMAZEPINE; CENTRAL DEPRESSANT AGENT; CIMETIDINE; CYCLOSPORIN; CYTOCHROME P450; CYTOCHROME P450 INHIBITOR; DIGOXIN; ERGOT ALKALOID; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; KETOCONAZOLE; LEVODOPA; LITHIUM; LOOP DIURETIC AGENT; PHENOBARBITAL; PHENYLBUTAZONE; PHENYTOIN; PROBENECID; PROPRANOLOL; QUINIDINE; RIFAMPICIN; SALICYLIC ACID DERIVATIVE; SULFONAMIDE; THEOPHYLLINE; THIAZIDE DIURETIC AGENT; THYROID HORMONE; TOLBUTAMIDE; UNINDEXED DRUG; WARFARIN;

ARTICLE; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSION; DATA ANALYSIS; DATA BASE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG INFORMATION; DRUG INTERACTION; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG SAFETY; HISTOGRAM; HUMAN; MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS; NETWORK LEARNING; POLYPHARMACY; PROBABILITY; SIDE EFFECT; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

DATA MINING; DATABASES, FACTUAL; DRUG INTERACTIONS; HUMANS; MODELS, THEORETICAL; PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS; SOFTWARE;

EID: 79952263228     PISSN: 02694727     EISSN: 13652710     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01103.x     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Juurlink DN, Mamdani M, Kopp A, Laupacis A, Redelmeier DA, (2003) Drug-drug interactions among elderly patients hospitalized for drug toxicity. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 289, 1652-1658. (Pubitemid 37430270)
2. Stockley IH, (1999) Drug interactions: a source book of adverse interactions, their mechanisms, clinical importance and management, 5th edn. London: Pharmaceutical Press.
3. Thummel KE, Kunze KL, Shen DD, (2000) Metabolically-based drug-drug interactions: principles and mechanisms. In:, Levy RH, Thummel KE, Trager WF, Hansten PD, Eichelbaum M, eds. Metabolic drug interactions. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 3-19.
4. Tucker GT, Houston JB, Huang SM, (2001) Optimizing drug development: strategies to assess drug metabolism/transporter interaction potential-toward a consensus. Pharmaceutical Research, 18, 1071-1080. (Pubitemid 32900389)
5. Bergk V, Gasse C, Schnell R, Haefeli WE, (2004) Requirements for a successful implementation of drug interaction information systems in general practice: results of a questionnaire survey in Germany. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 60, 595-602. (Pubitemid 39517914)
6. Bergk V, Gasse C, Rothenbacher D, Loew M, Brenner H, Haefeli WE, (2004) Drug interactions in primary care: impact of a new algorithm on risk determination. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 76, 85-96. (Pubitemid 38844737)
7. Malone DC, Abarca J, Hansten PD, et al., (2004) Identification of serious drug-drug interactions: results of the partnership to prevent drug-drug interactions. Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washhington, D.C.), 44, 142-151.
8. Albert R, Barabasi AL, (2002) Statistical mechanics of complex networks. Reviews of Modern Physics, 74, 47-97.
9. Barabasi AL, Albert R, (1999) Emergence of scaling in random networks. Science, 286, 509-512.
10. Jeong H, Tombor B, Albert R, Oltvai ZN, Barabasi AL, (2000) The large-scale organization of metabolic networks. Nature, 407, 651-654.
11. Montoya JM, Sol RV, (2002) Small world patterns in food webs. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 214, 405-412. (Pubitemid 34948539)
12. Newman ME, (2001) The structure of scientific collaboration networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98, 404-409. (Pubitemid 32105053)
13. Kirillova OV, (2001) Communication networks with an emergent dynamical structure. Physical Review Letters, 87, 068701-068704.
14. Dorogovtsev SN, Mendes JF, (2001) Scaling properties of scale-free evolving networks: continuous approach. Physical Review E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics, 63 (5 Pt 2), 056125: 1-19.
15. Stockley IH, (1991) Drug interactions: a source book of adverse interactions, their mechanisms, clinical importance and management, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
16. Stockley IH, (1981) Drug interactions: a source book of adverse interactions, their mechanisms, clinical importance and management, 1st edn. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
17. Marroum PJ, Uppoor RS, Parmelee T, et al., (2000) In vivo drug-drug interaction studies-a survey of all new molecular entities approved from 1987 to 1997. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 68, 280-285.
18. Meakin P, (1998) Fractals, scaling and growth far from equilibrium. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
19. Batagelj V, Mrvar A, (1998) Pajek: a program for large network analysis. Connections, 21, 47-57.
20. Lazarou J, Pomeranz BH, Corey PN, (1998) Incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 279, 1200-1205. (Pubitemid 28193431)
21. Huang SM, Lesko LJ, (2004) Drug-drug, drug-dietary supplement, and drug-citrus fruit and other food interactions: what have we learned? Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 44, 559-569. (Pubitemid 38668017)
22. Bonnabry P, Sievering J, Leemann T, Dayer P, (2001) Quantitative drug interactions prediction system (Q-DIPS): a dynamic computer-based method to assist in the choice of clinically relevant in vivo studies. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 40, 631-640. (Pubitemid 32954987)
23. Brown HS, Ito K, Galetin A, Houston JB, (2005) Prediction of in vivo drug-drug interactions from in vitro data: impact of incorporating parallel pathways of drug elimination and inhibitor absorption rate constant. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 60, 508-518. (Pubitemid 41532451)
24. Hutzler M, Messing DM, Wienkers LC, (2005) Predicting drug-drug interactions in drug discovery: where are we now and where are we going? Current Opinion in Drug Discovery and Development, 8, 51-58. (Pubitemid 40116330)
25. Lin JH, (2006) CYP induction-mediated drug interactions: in vitro assessment and clinical implications. Pharmaceutical Research, 23, 1089-1116. (Pubitemid 43946134)
26. Obach RS, Walsky RL, Venkatakrishnan K, Gaman EA, Houston JB, Tremaine LM, (2006) The utility of in vitro cytochrome P450 inhibition data in the prediction of drug-drug interactions. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 316, 336-348. (Pubitemid 41832613)
27. Obach RS, Walsky RL, Venkatakrishnan K, Houston JB, Tremaine LM, (2005) In vitro cytochrome P450 inhibition data and the prediction of drug-drug interactions: qualitative relationships, quantitative predictions, and the rank-order approach. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 78, 582-592.
28. Malone DC, Hutchins DS, Haupert H, et al., (2005) Assessment of potential drug-drug interactions with a prescription claims database. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 62, 1983-1991. (Pubitemid 41416234)
29. Ratz Bravo AE, Tchambaz L, Krahenbuhl-Melcher A, Hess L, Schlienger RG, Krahenbuhl S, (2005) Prevalence of potentially severe drug-drug interactions in ambulatory patients with dyslipidaemia receiving HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor therapy. Drug Safety, 28, 263-275. (Pubitemid 40364892)
30. Riechelmann RP, Moreira F, Smaletz O, Saad ED, (2005) Potential for drug interactions in hospitalized cancer patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 56, 286-290. (Pubitemid 40941799)
31. Zhan C, Correa-de-Araujo R, Bierman AS, et al., (2005) Suboptimal prescribing in elderly outpatients: potentially harmful drug-drug and drug-disease combinations. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53, 262-267. (Pubitemid 41632552)
32. Paine MF, (2000) H2-receptor antagonists. In:, Levy RH, Thummel KE, Trager WF, Hansten PD, Eichelbaum M, eds. Metabolic drug interactions. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 653-659.
33. Papp-Jambor C, Jaschinski U, Forst H, (2002) [Cytochrome P450 enzymes and their role in drug interactions]. Der Anaesthesist, 51, 2-15. (Pubitemid 34146200)
34. Weaver RJ, (2001) Assessment of drug-drug interactions: concepts and approaches. Xenobiotica, 31, 499-538. (Pubitemid 32826390)
35. Galetin A, Ito K, Hallifax D, Houston JB, (2005) CYP3A4 substrate selection and substitution in the prediction of potential drug-drug interactions. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 314, 180-190. (Pubitemid 41058254)
36. Zhou S, Yung Chan S, Cher Goh B, et al., (2005) Mechanism-based inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 by therapeutic drugs. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 44, 279-304. (Pubitemid 40477790)
37. Kuhlmann J, (1994) Drug interaction studies during drug development: which, when, how? International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 32, 305-311. (Pubitemid 24172590)
38. FDA (1999) Guidance for industry: in vivo metabolism/drug interactions: study design, data analysis and recommendation for dosing and labeling, Rockville, MD: Food and Drug Administration. Available at: (accessed 11 June 2009).
39. Tatro DS, ed. (2002) Drug interaction facts. St Louis: Fact and Comparisons.
40. Yeh P, Tschumi AI, Kishony R, (2006) Functional classification of drugs by properties of their pairwise interactions. Nature Genetics, 38, 489-494.
41. Schmatz D, Friend S, (2006) A simple recipe for drug interaction networks earns its stars. Nature Genetics, 38, 405-406.
42. Fuhr U, (2007) What is the true risk of a pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction? European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 63, 897-899. (Pubitemid 47387917)
43. Fuhr U, (2008) Improvement in the handling of drug-drug interactions. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 64, 167-171.