Hormone-related risk factors and postmenopausal breast cancer among nulliparous versus parous women: An aggregated study

American Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 173, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 509-517

  Schonfeld, Sara J ^a,b   Pfeiffer, Ruth M ^a   Lacey Jr , James V ^a,c   Berrington De González, Amy ^a   Doody, Michele M ^a   Greenlee, Robert T ^a,d   Park, Yikyung ^a   Schairer, Catherine ^a   Schatzkin, Arthur ^a   Sigurdson, Alice J ^a   Hartge, Patricia ^a   Visvanathan, Kala ^a,b,e  

^a NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c CITY OF HOPE NATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d MARSHFIELD CLINIC   (United States)

^e JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

alcohol drinking; body mass index; breast neoplasms; hormone replacement therapy; parity; prospective studies; risk factors

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; BODY MASS; CANCER; DRINKING; HORMONE; HYPOTHESIS TESTING; RISK FACTOR; STATISTICAL APPLICATION; WOMENS HEALTH;

ADULT; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; BREAST CANCER; CANCER RISK; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; CONTROLLED STUDY; FAMILY HISTORY; FEMALE; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MENARCHE; MULTIPARA; NULLIPARA; POSTMENOPAUSE; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK ASSESSMENT;

AGE FACTORS; BREAST NEOPLASMS; FEMALE; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; PARITY; POSTMENOPAUSE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; QUESTIONNAIRES; RISK FACTORS; STATISTICS, NONPARAMETRIC; UNITED STATES;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 79952176465     PISSN: 00029262     EISSN: 14766256     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwq404     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Dye JL. Fertility of American Women: 2006. Washington, DC: US Census Bureau; 2008.
2. MacMahon B, Cole P, Lin TM, et al. Age at first birth and breast cancer risk. Bull World Health Organ. 1970;43(2):209-221.
3. MacMahon B, Cole P, Brown J. Etiology of human breast cancer: a review. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1973;50(1):21-42.
4. Rosner B, Colditz GA. Nurses' Health Study: log-incidence mathematical model of breast cancer incidence. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996;88(6):359-364. (Pubitemid 26094243)
5. Pike MC, Kolonel LN, Henderson BE, et al. Breast cancer in a multiethnic cohort in Hawaii and Los Angeles: risk factor-adjusted incidence in Japanese equals and in Hawaiians exceeds that in whites. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2002;11(9):795-800. (Pubitemid 35014880)
6. Sweeney C, Blair CK, Anderson KE, et al. Risk factors for breast cancer in elderly women. Am J Epidemiol. 2004;160(9):868-875. (Pubitemid 39434771)
7. Henderson BE, Feigelson HS. Hormonal carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis. 2000;21(3):427-433. (Pubitemid 30137927)
8. Russo J, Moral R, Balogh GA, et al. The protective role of pregnancy in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2005;7(3):131-142. (Pubitemid 40704134)
9. Russo IH, Russo J. Mammary gland neoplasia in long-term rodent studies. Environ Health Perspect. 1996;104(9):938-967. (Pubitemid 26372400)
10. Ginger MR, Gonzalez-Rimbau MF, Gay JP, et al. Persistent changes in gene expression induced by estrogen and progesterone in the rat mammary gland. Mol Endocrinol. 2001;15(11):1993-2009. (Pubitemid 33022536)
11. Blakely CM, Stoddard AJ, Belka GK, et al. Hormone-induced protection against mammary tumorigenesis is conserved in multiple rat strains and identifies a core gene expression signature induced by pregnancy. Cancer Res. 2006;66(12):6421-6431.
12. Britt K, Ashworth A, Smalley M. Pregnancy and the risk of breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2007;14(4):907-933. (Pubitemid 351252427)
13. Russo J, Rivera R, Russo IH. Influence of age and parity on the development of the human breast. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1992;23(3):211-218.
14. Russo J, Balogh GA, Russo IH. Full-term pregnancy induces a specific genomic signature in the human breast. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17(1):51-66. (Pubitemid 351196273)
15. Peeters PH, Verbeek AL, Krol A, et al. Age at menarche and breast cancer risk in nulliparous women. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1995;33(1):55-61.
16. Fioretti F, Tavani A, Bosetti C, et al. Risk factors for breast cancer in nulliparous women. Br J Cancer. 1999;79(11-12): 1923-1928. (Pubitemid 29132326)
17. Hirose K, Tajima K, Hamajima N, et al. Impact of established risk factors for breast cancer in nulligravid Japanese women. Breast Cancer. 2003;10(1):45-53.
18. Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy. collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52, 705 women with breast cancer and 108, 411 women without breast cancer. Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer. Lancet. 1997;350(9084):1047-1059.
19. van den Brandt PA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, et al. Pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies on height, weight, and breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;152(6):514-527.
20. Familial breast cancer. collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 52 epidemiological studies including 58, 209 women with breast cancer and 101, 986 women without the disease. Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer. Lancet. 2001;358(9291):1389-1399.
21. Hamajima N, Hirose K, Tajima K, et al. Alcohol, tobacco and breast cancer-collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 53 epidemiological studies, including 58, 515 women with breast cancer and 95, 067 women without the disease. Br J Cancer. 2002;87(11):1234-1245.
22. Schairer C, Lubin J, Troisi R, et al. Menopausal estrogen and estrogen-progestin replacement therapy and breast cancer risk. JAMA. 2000;283(4):485-491. (Pubitemid 30062864)
23. Leitzmann MF, Moore SC, Peters TM, et al. Prospective study of physical activity and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer [electronic article]. Breast Cancer Res. 2008;10(5):R92. (doi:10.1186/bcr2190).
24. Schatzkin A, Subar AF, Thompson FE, et al. Design and serendipity in establishing a large cohort with wide dietary intake distributions: the National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2001;154(12):1119-1125. (Pubitemid 33140635)
25. Prorok PC, Andriole GL, Bresalier RS, et al. Design of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Control Clin Trials. 2000;21(suppl 6): S273-S309.
26. Lacey JV Jr., Kreimer AR, Buys SS, et al. Breast cancer epidemiology according to recognized breast cancer risk factors in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial Cohort [electronic article]. BMC Cancer. 2009;9:84. (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-9-84).
27. Sigurdson AJ, Doody MM, Rao RS, et al. Cancer incidence in the US Radiologic Technologists health study, 1983-1998. Cancer. 2003;97(12):3080-3089. (Pubitemid 36676264)
28. Howard RA, Leitzmann MF, Linet MS, et al. Physical activity and breast cancer risk among pre-and postmenopausal women in the U. S. Radiologic Technologists cohort. Cancer Causes Control. 2009;20(3):323-333.
29. Hersh AL, Stefanick ML, Stafford RS. National use of postmenopausal hormone therapy: annual trends and response to recent evidence. JAMA. 2004;291(1):47-53. (Pubitemid 38040534)
30. Box G, Cox DR. An analysis of transformations. J R Stat Soc (B). 1964;26(2):211-252.
31. Morimoto LM, White E, Chen Z, et al. Obesity, body size, and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer: the Women's Health Initiative (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 2002;13(8):741-751. (Pubitemid 35204050)
32. Milanese TR, Hartmann LC, Sellers TA, et al. Age-related lobular involution and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98(22):1600-1607. (Pubitemid 44811643)
33. Verkasalo PK, Thomas HV, Appleby PN, et al. Circulating levels of sex hormones and their relation to risk factors for breast cancer: a cross-sectional study in 1092 pre-and postmenopausal women (United Kingdom). Cancer Causes Control. 2001;12(1):47-59. (Pubitemid 32125900)
34. Chavez-MacGregor M, van Gils CH, van der Schouw YT, et al. Lifetime cumulative number of menstrual cycles and serum sex hormone levels in postmenopausal women. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2008;108(1):101-112. (Pubitemid 351623234)
35. Colditz GA, Rosner B. Cumulative risk of breast cancer to age 70 years according to risk factor status: data from the Nurses' Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;152(10):950-964.
36. Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002;288(3):321-333. (Pubitemid 34761611)
37. Reeves GK, Beral V, Green J, et al. Hormonal therapy for menopause and breast-cancer risk by histological type: a cohort study and meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2006;7(11):910-918. (Pubitemid 44615945)
38. Brinton LA, Richesson D, Leitzmann MF, et al. Menopausal hormone therapy and breast cancer risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study Cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17(11):3150-3160.
39. Ma H, Bernstein L, Pike MC, et al. Reproductive factors and breast cancer risk according to joint estrogen and progesterone receptor status: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies [electronic article]. Breast Cancer Res. 2006;8(4):R43. (doi:10.1186/bcr1525). (Pubitemid 44219656)
40. Setiawan VW, Monroe KR, Wilkens LR, et al. Breast cancer risk factors defined by estrogen and progesterone receptor status: the Multiethnic Cohort Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;169(10):1251-1259.