메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 129, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 1059-1066

Measuring positive and negative affect in the voiced sounds of African elephants (Loxodonta africana)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT FEMALES; AFFECTIVE STATE; AMPLITUDE VARIATIONS; ANIMAL KINGDOM; FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCIES; INTENSITY LEVELS; NEGATIVE AFFECTS; SOCIAL ACTIVITIES; SOCIAL CONTEXT; VOCAL EXPRESSION; VOICED SOUNDS;

EID: 79952156422     PISSN: 00014966     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1121/1.3531798     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (45)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0033090635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart rate responses to social interactions in free-moving rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): A pilot study
    • 10.1037/0735-7036.113.1.59
    • Aureli, F., Preston, S. D., and de Waal, F. B. M. (1999). Heart rate responses to social interactions in free-moving rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): A pilot study., J.Comp. Psychol. 113, 59-65. 10.1037/0735-7036.113.1. 59
    • (1999) J.Comp. Psychol. , vol.113 , pp. 59-65
    • Aureli, F.1    Preston, S.D.2    De Waal, F.B.M.3
  • 2
    • 0033463028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vocal expression and perception of emotion
    • 10.1111/1467-8721.00013
    • Bachorowski, J. (1999). Vocal expression and perception of emotion., Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 8, 53-57. 10.1111/1467-8721.00013
    • (1999) Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. , vol.8 , pp. 53-57
    • Bachorowski, J.1
  • 3
    • 84970473582 scopus 로고
    • Vocal expression of emotion: Acoustic properties of speech are associated with emotional intensity and context
    • 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00596.x
    • Bachorowski, J., and Owren, M. J. (1995). Vocal expression of emotion: Acoustic properties of speech are associated with emotional intensity and context., Psychol. Sci. 6, 219-224. 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00596.x
    • (1995) Psychol. Sci. , vol.6 , pp. 219-224
    • Bachorowski, J.1    Owren, M.J.2
  • 4
    • 1342263146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sounds of Emotion: Production and Perception of Affect-Related Vocal Acoustics
    • DOI 10.1196/annals.1280.012
    • Bachorowski, J., and Owren, M. J. (2003). Sounds of emotion: Production and perception of affect-related vocal acoustics., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1000, 244-265. 10.1196/annals.1280.012 (Pubitemid 38264838)
    • (2003) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.1000 , pp. 244-265
    • Bachorowski, J.-A.1    Owren, M.J.2
  • 5
    • 0030093965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acoustic Profiles in Vocal Emotion Expression
    • Banse, R., and Scherer, K. R. (1996). Acoustic profiles in vocal emotion expression., J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 70, 614-636. 10.1037/0022-3514.70.3.614 (Pubitemid 126420699)
    • (1996) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.70 , Issue.3 , pp. 614-636
    • Banse, R.1    Scherer, K.R.2
  • 6
    • 0000903084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrete Emotions or Dimensions? The Role of Valence Focus and Arousal Focus
    • Barrett, L. F. (1998). Discrete emotions or dimensions The role of valence focus and arousal focus., Cognit. Emotion 12, 579-599. 10.1080/026999398379574 (Pubitemid 128467539)
    • (1998) Cognition and Emotion , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 579-599
    • Barrett, L.F.1
  • 7
    • 84993813877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are emotions natural kinds
    • 10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00003.x
    • Barrett, L. F. (2006a). Are emotions natural kinds Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 1, 28-58. 10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00003.x
    • (2006) Perspect. Psychol. Sci. , vol.1 , pp. 28-58
    • Barrett, L.F.1
  • 8
    • 33644555518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solving the emotion paradox: Categorization and the experience of emotion
    • DOI 10.1207/s15327957pspr1001-2
    • Barrett, L. F. (2006b). Solving the emotion paradox: Categorization and the experience of emotion., Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev. 10, 20-46. 10.1207/s15327957pspr1001-2 (Pubitemid 43294772)
    • (2006) Personality and Social Psychology Review , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-46
    • Barrett, L.F.1
  • 9
    • 47649101013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affect cues in vocalizations of the bat, Megaderma lyra, during agonistic interactions
    • DOI 10.1121/1.2924123
    • Bastian, A., and Schmidt, S. (2008). Affect cues in vocalizations of the bat, Megaderma lyra, during agonistic interactions., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 124, 598-608. 10.1121/1.2924123 (Pubitemid 352019349)
    • (2008) Journal of the Acoustical Society of America , vol.124 , Issue.1 , pp. 598-608
    • Bastian, A.1    Schmidt, S.2
  • 10
    • 0025236952 scopus 로고
    • Influence of maternal proximity on behavioral and physiological responses to separation in infant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
    • DOI 10.1037//0735-7044.104.1.98
    • Bayart, F., Hayashi, K. T., Faull, K. F., Barchas, J. D., and Levine, S. (1990). Influence of maternal proximity on behavioral and physiological responses to separation in infant rhesus monkeys., Behav. Neurosci. 104, 98-107. 10.1037/0735-7044.104.1.98 (Pubitemid 20138266)
    • (1990) Behavioral Neuroscience , vol.104 , Issue.1 , pp. 98-107
    • Bayart, F.1    Hayashi, K.T.2    Faull, K.F.3    Barchas, J.D.4    Levine, S.5
  • 11
    • 85005481054 scopus 로고
    • Vocalizations and associated behaviors of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) in captivity
    • 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1983.tb00741.x
    • Berg J. K. (1983). Vocalizations and associated behaviors of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) in captivity., Z. Tierpsychol 63, 63-79. 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1983.tb00741.x
    • (1983) Z. Tierpsychol , vol.63 , pp. 63-79
    • Berg, J.K.1
  • 12
    • 0025946954 scopus 로고
    • Twenty-two kHz alarm cries to presentation of a predator, by laboratory rats living in visible burrow systems
    • 10.1016/0031-9384(91)90423-L
    • Blanchard, R. J., Blanchard, D. C., Agullana, R., and Weiss, S. M. (1991). Twenty-two kHz alarm cries to presentation of a predator, by laboratory rats living in visible burrow systems., Physiol. Behav. 50, 967-972. 10.1016/0031-9384(91)90423-L
    • (1991) Physiol. Behav. , vol.50 , pp. 967-972
    • Blanchard, R.J.1    Blanchard, D.C.2    Agullana, R.3    Weiss, S.M.4
  • 15
    • 0034754574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of vagal nerve stimulation on voice
    • Charous, S. J., Kempster, G., Manders, E., and Ristanovic, R. (2001). The effect of vagal nerve stimulation on voice., Laryngoscope 111, 2028-2031. 10.1097/00005537-200111000-00030 (Pubitemid 33042121)
    • (2001) Laryngoscope , vol.111 , Issue.11 I , pp. 2028-2031
    • Charous, S.J.1    Kempster, G.2    Manders, E.3    Ristanovic, R.4
  • 16
    • 67649873119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstructing the evolution of laughter in great apes and humans
    • 10.1016/j.cub.2009.05.028
    • Davila Ross, M., Owren, M. J., and Zimmermann, E. (2009). Reconstructing the evolution of laughter in great apes and humans., Curr. Biol. 19, 1106-1111. 10.1016/j.cub.2009.05.028
    • (2009) Curr. Biol. , vol.19 , pp. 1106-1111
    • Davila Ross, M.1    Owren, M.J.2    Zimmermann, E.3
  • 17
    • 79952182784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of laughter in great apes and humans
    • 10.4161/cib.3.2.10944
    • Davila Ross, M., Owren, M. J., and Zimmermann, E. (2010). The evolution of laughter in great apes and humans., Communicative Integr. Biol. 3, 191-194. 10.4161/cib.3.2.10944
    • (2010) Communicative Integr. Biol. , vol.3 , pp. 191-194
    • Davila Ross, M.1    Owren, M.J.2    Zimmermann, E.3
  • 18
    • 0003041650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The social behavior of sheep
    • edited by J. L. Keeling and H. W. Gonyou (CAB International, Oxfordshire, UK)
    • Fisher, A., and Mathews, L. (2001). The social behavior of sheep., in The Social Behavior in Farm Animals, edited by, J. L. Keeling, and, H. W. Gonyou, (CAB International, Oxfordshire, UK), pp. 211-245.
    • (2001) The Social Behavior in Farm Animals , pp. 211-245
    • Fisher, A.1    Mathews, L.2
  • 19
    • 34548124536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acoustical correlates of affective prosody
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.03.002, PII S0892199706000361
    • Hammerschmidt, K., and Jrgens, U. (2007). Acoustical correlates of affective prosody., J. Voice 21, 531-540. 10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.03.002 (Pubitemid 47302219)
    • (2007) Journal of Voice , vol.21 , Issue.5 , pp. 531-540
    • Hammerschmidt, K.1    Jurgens, U.2
  • 20
    • 0028845909 scopus 로고
    • Comparisons among aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic spectral measures of female voice
    • Holmberg, E. B., Hillman, R. E., Perkell, J. S., Guiod, P. C., and Goldman, S. L. (1995). Comparisons among aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic spectral measures of female voice., J. Speech Hear. Res. 38, 1212-1223.
    • (1995) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.38 , pp. 1212-1223
    • Holmberg, E.B.1    Hillman, R.E.2    Perkell, J.S.3    Guiod, P.C.4    Goldman, S.L.5
  • 21
    • 44149121656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic extraction of paralinguistic information using prosodic features related to F0, duration and voice quality
    • 10.1016/j.specom.2008.03.009
    • Ishi, C. T., Ishiguro, H., and Hagita, N. (2008). Automatic extraction of paralinguistic information using prosodic features related to F0, duration and voice quality., Speech Commun. 50, 531-543. 10.1016/j.specom.2008.03.009
    • (2008) Speech Commun. , vol.50 , pp. 531-543
    • Ishi, C.T.1    Ishiguro, H.2    Hagita, N.3
  • 22
    • 0036167359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural pathways underlying vocal control
    • DOI 10.1016/S0149-7634(01)00068-9, PII S0149763401000689
    • Jrgens, U. (2002). Neural pathways underlying vocal control., Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 26, 235-258. 10.1016/S0149-7634(01)00068-9 (Pubitemid 34145287)
    • (2002) Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 235-258
    • Jurgens, U.1
  • 23
    • 0002337244 scopus 로고
    • Animal language Vocal communication of some ungulates, canids and felids
    • Kiley-Worthington, M. (1984). Animal language Vocal communication of some ungulates, canids and felids., Acta Zool. Fennica. 171, 83-88.
    • (1984) Acta Zool. Fennica. , vol.171 , pp. 83-88
    • Kiley-Worthington, M.1
  • 24
    • 85047675030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrasonic vocalizations as indices of affective states in rats
    • 10.1037/0033-2909.128.6.961
    • Knutson, B., Burgdorf, J., and Panksepp, J. (2002). Ultrasonic vocalizations as indices of affective states in rats., Psychol. Bull. 128, 961-977. 10.1037/0033-2909.128.6.961
    • (2002) Psychol. Bull. , vol.128 , pp. 961-977
    • Knutson, B.1    Burgdorf, J.2    Panksepp, J.3
  • 25
    • 0028411041 scopus 로고
    • The varieties of emotional experience: A meditation on James-Lange theory
    • Lang, P. J. (1994). The varieties of emotional experience: A meditation on James-Lang Theory., Psychol. Sci. 101, 211-221. (Pubitemid 24976790)
    • (1994) Psychological Review , vol.101 , Issue.2 , pp. 211-221
    • Lang, P.J.1
  • 26
    • 0003132208 scopus 로고
    • African elephants respond to distant playbacks of low-frequency conspecific calls
    • Langbauer, W. R., Payne, K. B., Charif, R. A., Rapaport, L., and Osborn, F. (1991). African elephants respond to distant playbacks of low-frequency conspecific calls., J. Exp. Biol. 157, 35-46.
    • (1991) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.157 , pp. 35-46
    • Langbauer, W.R.1    Payne, K.B.2    Charif, R.A.3    Rapaport, L.4    Osborn, F.5
  • 28
    • 53749084343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rumble vocalizations mediate interpartner distance in African elephants, Loxodonta africana
    • 10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.06.022
    • Leighty, K. A., Soltis, J., Wesolek, C. M., and Savage, A. (2008). Rumble vocalizations mediate interpartner distance in African elephants, Loxodonta africana., Anim. Behav. 76, 1601-1608. 10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.06.022
    • (2008) Anim. Behav. , vol.76 , pp. 1601-1608
    • Leighty, K.A.1    Soltis, J.2    Wesolek, C.M.3    Savage, A.4
  • 29
    • 60249088285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GPS determination of walking rates in captive African elephants (Loxodonta africana)
    • 10.1002/zoo.20199
    • Leighty, K. A., Soltis, J., Wesolek, C. M., Savage, A., Mellen, J., and Lehnhardt, J. (2009). GPS determination of walking rates in captive African elephants (Loxodonta africana)., Zoo Biol. 28, 16-28. 10.1002/zoo.20199
    • (2009) Zoo Biol. , vol.28 , pp. 16-28
    • Leighty, K.A.1    Soltis, J.2    Wesolek, C.M.3    Savage, A.4    Mellen, J.5    Lehnhardt, J.6
  • 30
    • 1342284468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood, Sweat, and Fears: The Autonomic Architecture of Emotion
    • DOI 10.1196/annals.1280.016
    • Levenson, R. W. (2003). Blood, sweat, and fears: The autonomic architecture of emotion., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1000, 348-366. 10.1196/annals.1280.016 (Pubitemid 38264851)
    • (2003) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.1000 , pp. 348-366
    • Levenson, R.W.1
  • 31
    • 3242658140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vocalization of farm animals as a measure of welfare
    • DOI 10.1016/j.applanim.2004.02.012, PII S0168159104000565
    • Manteuffel, G., Puppe, B., and Schn, P. C. (2004). Vocalizations of farm animals as a measure of welfare., Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 88, 163-182. 10.1016/j.applanim.2004.02.012 (Pubitemid 38946666)
    • (2004) Applied Animal Behaviour Science , vol.88 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 163-182
    • Manteuffel, G.1    Puppe, B.2    Schon, P.C.3
  • 32
    • 0035292597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The beginning of an alternative view of the neurobiology of emotion
    • 10.1177/053901801040001003
    • Mendoza, S. P., and Ruys, J. D. (2001). The beginning of an alternative view of the neurobiology of emotion., Soc. Sci. Inform. 40, 39-60. 10.1177/053901801040001003
    • (2001) Soc. Sci. Inform. , vol.40 , pp. 39-60
    • Mendoza, S.P.1    Ruys, J.D.2
  • 33
    • 3042511361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation induced changes in Guinea Pig Cavia porcellus pup distress whistles
    • Monticelli, P. F., Tokumaru, R. S., and Ades, C. (2004). Isolation induced changes in guinea pig Cavia pordellis pup distress whistles., Ann. Braz. Acad. Sci. 76, 368-372. (Pubitemid 38835050)
    • (2004) Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias , vol.76 , Issue.2 , pp. 368-372
    • Monticelli, P.F.1    Tokumaru, R.S.2    Ades, C.3
  • 35
    • 0042383410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Laughing" rats and the evolutionary antecedents of human joy?
    • DOI 10.1016/S0031-9384(03)00159-8
    • Panksepp, J., and Burgdorf, J. (2003). Laughing' rats and the evolutionary antecedents of human joy Physiol. Behav. 79, 533-547. 10.1016/S0031-9384(03)00159-8 (Pubitemid 37087920)
    • (2003) Physiology and Behavior , vol.79 , Issue.3 , pp. 533-547
    • Panksepp, J.1    Burgdorf, J.2
  • 36
    • 0000750757 scopus 로고
    • Infrasonic calls of the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus)
    • 10.1007/BF00300007
    • Payne, K. B., Langbauer, W. R., and Thomas, E. M. (1986). Infrasonic calls of the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus)., Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 18, 297-301. 10.1007/BF00300007
    • (1986) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.18 , pp. 297-301
    • Payne, K.B.1    Langbauer, W.R.2    Thomas, E.M.3
  • 37
    • 0036930623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purring and similar vocalizations in mammals
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2907.2002.00113.x
    • Peters, G. (2002). Purring and similar vocalizations in mammals., Mammal Rev. 32, 245-271. 10.1046/j.1365-2907.2002.00113.x (Pubitemid 36049115)
    • (2002) Mammal Review , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 245-271
    • Peters, G.1
  • 39
    • 0030947821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotion: An evolutionary by-product of the neural regulation of the autonomic nervous system
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51913.x
    • Porges, S. W. (1997). Emotion: An evolutionary by-product of the neural regulation of the autonomic nervous system., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 807, 62-77. 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51913.x (Pubitemid 27135486)
    • (1997) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.807 , pp. 62-77
    • Porges, S.W.1
  • 40
    • 0023987972 scopus 로고
    • Newborn pain cries and vagal tone: Parallel changes in response to circumcision
    • 10.2307/1130327
    • Porter, F. L., Porges, S. W., and Marshall, R. E. (1988). Newborn pain cries and vagal tone: Parallel changes in response to circumcision., Child Dev. 59, 495-505. 10.2307/1130327
    • (1988) Child Dev. , vol.59 , pp. 495-505
    • Porter, F.L.1    Porges, S.W.2    Marshall, R.E.3
  • 41
    • 0038621588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acoustic correlates of caller identity and affect intensity in the vowel-like grunt vocalizations of baboons
    • DOI 10.1121/1.1568942
    • Rendall, D. (2003). Acoustic correlates of caller identity and affect intensity in the vowel-like grunt vocalizations of baboons., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 113, 3390-3402. 10.1121/1.1568942 (Pubitemid 36676530)
    • (2003) Journal of the Acoustical Society of America , vol.113 , Issue.6 , pp. 3390-3402
    • Rendall, D.1
  • 42
    • 34147117196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonlinear acoustics in the pant hoots of common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Vocalizing at the edge
    • DOI 10.1121/1.2427115
    • Riede, T., Arcadi, A. C., and Owren, M. J. (2007). Nonlinear acoustics in the pant hoots of common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Vocalizing at the edge., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 121, 1758-1767. 10.1121/1.2427115 (Pubitemid 46555440)
    • (2007) Journal of the Acoustical Society of America , vol.121 , Issue.3 , pp. 1758-1767
    • Riede, T.1    Arcadi, A.C.2    Owren, M.J.3
  • 44
    • 0033125011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Core affect, prototypical emotional episodes, and other things called emotion: Dissecting the elephant
    • 10.1037/0022-3514.76.5.805
    • Russell, J. A., and Barrett, L. F. (1999). Core affect, prototypical emotional episodes, and other things called emotion: Dissecting the elephant., J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 76, 805-819. 10.1037/0022-3514.76.5.805
    • (1999) J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. , vol.76 , pp. 805-819
    • Russell, J.A.1    Barrett, L.F.2
  • 45
    • 34848911643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More than one kind of happiness: Can we recognize vocal expression of different positive states
    • 10.1007/s11031-007-9065-x
    • Sauter, D. A., and Scott, S. K. (2007). More than one kind of happiness: Can we recognize vocal expression of different positive states Motiv. Emotion 31, 192-199. 10.1007/s11031-007-9065-x
    • (2007) Motiv. Emotion , vol.31 , pp. 192-199
    • Sauter, D.A.1    Scott, S.K.2
  • 47
    • 2342527871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automated recording of stress vocalisations as a tool to document impaired welfare in pigs
    • Schn, P. C., Puppe, B., and Manteuffel, G. (2004). Automated recording of stress vocalizations as a tool to document impaired welfare in pigs., Anim. Welfare 13, 105-110. (Pubitemid 38585256)
    • (2004) Animal Welfare , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-110
    • Schon, P.C.1    Puppe, B.2    Manteuffel, G.3
  • 48
    • 0031782107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vocal quality is correlated with levels of stress hormones in domestic pigs
    • Schrader, L., and Todt, D. (1998). Vocal quality is correlated with levels of stress hormones in domestic pigs., Ethology 104, 859-876. 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1998.tb00036.x (Pubitemid 28490454)
    • (1998) Ethology , vol.104 , Issue.10 , pp. 859-876
    • Schrader, L.1    Todt, D.2
  • 49
    • 0027803473 scopus 로고
    • ANOVA for unbalanced data: An overview
    • Shaw, R. G., and Mitchell-Olds, T. (1993). ANOVA for unbalanced data: An overview., Ecology 74, 1638-1645. 10.2307/1939922 (Pubitemid 24408335)
    • (1993) Ecology , vol.74 , Issue.6 , pp. 1638-1645
    • Shaw, R.G.1    Mitchell-Olds, T.2
  • 50
    • 8644274702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in proboscidean taxonomy & classification, anatomy & physiology, and ecology & behavior
    • DOI 10.1016/j.quaint.2004.04.011, PII S1040618204000734
    • Shoshani, J., and Tassy, P. (2005). Advances in proboscidean taxonomy classification, anatomy physiology, and ecology behavior., Quatern Int. 126, 5-20. 10.1016/j.quaint.2004.04.011 (Pubitemid 39499757)
    • (2005) Quaternary International , vol.126-128 , Issue.1 SPEC. ISSUE , pp. 5-20
    • Shoshani, J.1    Tassy, P.2
  • 51
    • 0033159743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotion in speech: The acoustic attributes of fear, anger, sadness and joy
    • 10.1023/A:1023237014909
    • Sobin, C., and Alpert, M. (1999). Emotion in speech: The acoustic attributes of fear, anger, sadness and joy., J. Psycholinguist. Res. 28, 347-365. 10.1023/A:1023237014909
    • (1999) J. Psycholinguist. Res. , vol.28 , pp. 347-365
    • Sobin, C.1    Alpert, M.2
  • 52
    • 77954586454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vocal communication in African elephants (Loxodonta africana)
    • Soltis, J. (2010). Vocal communication in African elephants (Loxodonta africana)., Zoo Biol. 29, 192-209.
    • (2010) Zoo Biol. , vol.29 , pp. 192-209
    • Soltis, J.1
  • 53
    • 33644547357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African elephant vocal communication I: Antiphonal calling behaviour among affiliated females
    • DOI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.11.015, PII S0003347205001582
    • Soltis, J., Leong, K., and Savage, A. (2005a). African elephant vocal communication I: Antiphonal calling behaviour among affiliated females., Anim. Behav. 70, 579-587. 10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.11.015 (Pubitemid 43293138)
    • (2005) Animal Behaviour , vol.70 , Issue.3 , pp. 579-587
    • Soltis, J.1    Leong, K.2    Savage, A.3
  • 54
    • 33644541797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African elephant vocal communication II: Rumble variation reflects the individual identity and emotional state of callers
    • DOI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.11.016, PII S0003347205001594
    • Soltis, J., Leong, K., and Savage, A. (2005b). African elephant vocal communication II: Rumble variation reflects the individual identity and emotional state of callers., Anim. Behav. 70, 589-599. 10.1016/j.anbehav.2004. 11.016 (Pubitemid 43293139)
    • (2005) Animal Behaviour , vol.70 , Issue.3 , pp. 589-599
    • Soltis, J.1    Leong, K.2    Savage, A.3
  • 55
    • 66149115576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The expression of affect in African elephant (Loxodonta africana) rumble vocalizations
    • 10.1037/a0015223
    • Soltis, J., Leighty, K. A., Wesolek, C. M., and Savage, A. (2009). The expression of affect in African elephant (Loxodonta africana) rumble vocalizations., J. Comp. Psychol. 123, 222-225. 10.1037/a0015223
    • (2009) J. Comp. Psychol. , vol.123 , pp. 222-225
    • Soltis, J.1    Leighty, K.A.2    Wesolek, C.M.3    Savage, A.4
  • 56
  • 57
    • 0018877723 scopus 로고
    • Happy talk: Perceptual and acoustic effects of smiling on speech
    • Tartter, V. C. (1980). Happy talk: Perceptual and acoustic effects of smiling on speech., Percept. Psychophys. 27, 24-27. 10.3758/BF03199901 (Pubitemid 10152804)
    • (1980) Perception and Psychophysics , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-27
    • Tartter, V.C.1
  • 58
    • 0004088662 scopus 로고
    • (Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle Creek, NJ)
    • Titze, I. R. (1994). Principles of Voice Production. (Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle Creek, NJ), pp. 53-217.
    • (1994) Principles of Voice Production , pp. 53-217
    • Titze, I.R.1
  • 59
    • 0033557306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of restraint and branding on rates and acoustic parameters of vocalization in beef cattle
    • DOI 10.1016/S0168-1591(98)00222-6, PII S0168159198002226
    • Watts, J. M., and Stookey, J. M. (1999). Effects of restraint and branding on rates and acoustic parameters of vocalizations in beef cattle., Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 62, 125-135. 10.1016/S0168-1591(98)00222-6 (Pubitemid 29051697)
    • (1999) Applied Animal Behaviour Science , vol.62 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 125-135
    • Watts, J.M.1    Stookey, J.M.2
  • 60
    • 29244452943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification of African elephant Loxodonta africana rumbles using acoustic parameters and cluster analysis
    • Wood, J. D., McCowan, B., Langbauer, W. R., Viljoen, J. J., and Hart, L. A. (2005). Classification of African elephant Loxodonta africana rumbles using acoustic parameters and cluster analysis., Bioacoustics 15, 143-161. (Pubitemid 41829825)
    • (2005) Bioacoustics , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 143-161
    • Wood, J.D.1    McCowan, B.2    Langbauer Jr., W.R.3    Viljoen, J.J.4    Hart, L.A.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.