Effects of race on albuminuria and risk of cardiovascular and kidney disease

Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy

Volumn 9, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 245-249

  Buckalew Jr , Vardaman M ^a   Freedman, Barry I ^a  

^a WAKE FOREST SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

albuminuria; APOL1; apolipoprotein L1; cardiovascular disease; kidney disease; proteinuria; race

Indexed keywords

APOLIPOPROTEIN; MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN;

AFRICAN AMERICAN; ALBUMINURIA; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHROMOSOME 22Q; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; EUROPEAN AMERICAN; FOCAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; MICROALBUMINURIA; MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY; NOMENCLATURE; RACE DIFFERENCE; REVIEW;

ALBUMINURIA; APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; HUMANS; PREVALENCE; RENAL INSUFFICIENCY; RISK FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 79952136152     PISSN: 14779072     EISSN: 17448344     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/erc.10.185     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. Ruggenenti P, Remuzzi G. Time to abandon microalbuminuria? Kidney Int. 70(7), 1214-1222 (2006).
2. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 289(19), 2560-2572 (2003). (Pubitemid 37430158)
3. de Zeeuw D, Parving HH, Henning RH. Microalbuminuria as an early marker for cardiovascular disease. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17(8), 2100-2105 (2006). (Pubitemid 44141898)
4. Hillege HL, Fidler V, Diercks GF et al. Urinary albumin excretion predicts cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality in general population. Circulation 106(14), 1777-1782 (2002).
5. Levey AS, Coresh J, Balk E et al. National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Ann. Intern. Med. 139(2), 137-147 (2003).
6. Gansevoort RT, Brinkman J, Bakker SJ, de Jong PE, de Zeeuw D. Evaluation of measures of urinary albumin excretion. Am. J. Epidemiol. 164(8), 725-727 (2006). (Pubitemid 44522075)
7. Forman JP, Brenner BM. 'Hypertension' and 'microalbuminuria': the bell tolls for thee. Kidney Int. 69(1), 22-28 (2006). (Pubitemid 43117734)
8. Forman JP, Fisher ND, Schopick EL, Curhan GC. Higher levels of albuminuria within the normal range predict incident hypertension. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 19(10), 1983-1988 (2008).
9. Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium. Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in general population cohorts: a collaborative meta-analysis. Lancet 375(9731), 2073-2081 (2010).
10. Freedman BI, Kopp JB, Langefeld CDet al. The apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene and nondiabetic nephropathy in African Americans. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 21(9), 1422-1426 (2010).
11. Jones CA, Francis ME, Eberhardt MS et al. Microalbuminuria in the US population: third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 39(3), 445-459 (2002). (Pubitemid 34194620)
12. Young BA, Katon WJ, Von KM et al. Racial and ethnic differences in microalbuminuria prevalence in a diabetes population: the pathways study. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 16(1), 219-228 (2005). (Pubitemid 43073176)
13. Bryson CL, Ross HJ, Boyko EJ, Young BA. Racial and ethnic variations in albuminuria in the US Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) population: associations with diabetes and level of CKD. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 48(5), 720-726 (2006). (Pubitemid 44740045)
14. Hsu CC, Brancati FL, Astor BC et al. Blood pressure, atherosclerosis, and albuminuria in 10,113 participants in the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. J. Hypertens. 27(2), 397-409 (2009).
15. Murtaugh MA, Jacobs DR Jr, Yu X, Gross MD, Steffes M. Correlates of urinary albumin excretion in young adult blacks and whites: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 158(7), 676-686 (2003). (Pubitemid 37175516)
16. Ogunniyi MO, Croft JB, Greenlund KJ, Giles WH, Mensah GA. Racial/ethnic differences in microalbuminuria among adults with prehypertension and hypertension: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999-2006. Am. J. Hypertens. 23(8), 859-864 (2010).
17. Hoq S, Chen W, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Childhood blood pressure predicts adult microalbuminuria in African Americans, but not in whites: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am. J. Hypertens. 15(12), 1036-1041 (2002). (Pubitemid 35397536)
18. Detrano R, Guerci AD, Carr JJ et al. Coronary calcium as a predictor of coronary events in four racial or ethnic groups. N. Engl. J. Med. 358(13), 1336-1345 (2008). (Pubitemid 351468410)
19. Bild DE, Detrano R, Peterson Det al. Ethnic differences in coronary calcification: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Circulation 111(10), 1313-1320 (2005). (Pubitemid 40389097)
20. Budoff MJ, Nasir K, Mao S et al. Ethnic differences of the presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 187(2), 343-350 (2006). (Pubitemid 43963013)
21. Freedman BI, Hsu FC, Langefeld CDet al. The impact of ethnicity and sex on subclinical cardiovascular disease: theDiabetes Heart Study. Diabetologia 48(12), 2511-2518 (2005). (Pubitemid 41738216)
22. Divers J, Wagenknecht LE, Bowden DW et al. Ethnic differences in the relationship between albuminuria and calcified atherosclerotic plaque: the African American-Diabetes Heart Study. Diabetes Care 33(1), 131-138 (2010).
23. Young BA, Maynard C, Boyko EJ. Racial differences in diabetic nephropathy, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in a national population of veterans. Diabetes Care 26(8), 2392-2399 (2003). (Pubitemid 36993332)
24. Karter AJ, Ferrara A, Liu JY, Moffet HH, Ackerson LM, Selby JV. Ethnic disparities in diabetic complications in an insured population. JAMA 287(19), 2519-2527 (2002). (Pubitemid 34517197)
25. Wassel CL, Pankow JS, Peralta CA, Choudhry S, Seldin MF, Arnett DK. Genetic ancestry is associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease in African-Americans and Hispanics from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet. 2(6), 629-636 (2009).
26. Knopman DS, Mosley J, Bailey KR, Jack J, Schwartz GL, Turner ST. Associations of microalbuminuria with brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensities in hypertensive sibships. J. Neuro. Sci. 271(1-2), 53-60 (2008).
27. Astor BC, Hallan SI, Miller ER III, Yeung E, Coresh J. Glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria, and risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the US population. Am. J. Epidemiol. 167(10), 1226-1234 (2008). (Pubitemid 351670638)
28. Yuyun MF, Adler AI, Wareham NJ. What is the evidence that microalbuminuria is a predictor of cardiovascular disease events? Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 14(3), 271-276 (2005). (Pubitemid 40685641)
29. Ochodnicky P, Henning RH, van Dokkum RP, de Zeeuw D. Microalbuminuria and endothelial dysfunction: emerging targets for primary prevention of end-organ damage. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 47(Suppl. 2), S151-S162 (2006). (Pubitemid 44620205)
30. Peralta CA, Li Y, Wassel C et al. Differences in albuminuria between Hispanics and whites: an evaluation by genetic ancestry and country of origin: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet. 3(3), 240-247 (2010).
31. Iyengar SK, Abboud HE, Goddard KA et al. Genome-wide scans for diabetic nephropathy and albuminuria in multiethnic populations: the family investigation of nephropathy and diabetes (FIND). Diabetes 56(6), 1577-1585 (2007). (Pubitemid 46842614)
32. Genovese G, Friedman DJ, Ross MDet al. Association of trypanolytic ApoL1 variants with kidney disease in African Americans. Science 329(5993), 841-845 (2010).
33. Tzur S, Rosset S, Shemer R et al. Missense mutations in the APOL1 gene are highly associated with end stage kidney disease risk previously attributed to the MYH9 gene. Hum. Genet. 128(3), 345-350 (2010).
34. Kopp JB, Smith MW, Nelson GW et al. MYH9 is a major-effect risk gene for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Nat. Genet. 40(10), 1175-1184 (2008).
35. Kao WH, Klag MJ, Meoni LA et al. MYH9 is associated with nondiabetic end-stage renal disease in African- Americans. Nat. Genet. 40(10), 1185-1192 (2008).
36. Freedman BI, Hicks PJ, Bostrom MA et al. Polymorphisms in the non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9 gene (MYH9) are strongly associated with end-stage renal disease historically attributed to hypertension in African Americans. Kidney Int. 75(7), 736-745 (2009).
37. Bostrom MA, Freedman BI. The spectrum of MYH9-associated nephropathy. Clin J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 5, 1107-1113 (2010).