Practical recommendations for treatment of hypertension in older patients

Vascular Health and Risk Management

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 561-569

  Kithas, Philip A ^a   Supiano, Mark A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; Isolated systolic hypertension; Pulse pressure

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE; ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONIST; ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; AMILORIDE; AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ATENOLOL; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CHLORTALIDONE; CORTICOSTEROID; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2 INHIBITOR; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; DOXAZOSIN; ENALAPRIL; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; INDAPAMIDE PLUS PERINDOPRIL; LISINOPRIL; NITRENDIPINE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PLACEBO; THIAZIDE DIURETIC AGENT; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT;

ADJUVANT THERAPY; AEROBIC EXERCISE; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ALDOSTERONE BLOOD LEVEL; ANGIONEUROTIC EDEMA; BLOOD PRESSURE; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; COUGHING; DIET RESTRICTION; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE COURSE; DRUG ACTIVITY; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG CLEARANCE; DRUG CONTRAINDICATION; DRUG INDUCED HEADACHE; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG SAFETY; FOLLOW UP; GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX; GINGIVA HYPERPLASIA; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HEART INFARCTION; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; HYPERKALEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; HYPERURICEMIA; HYPOKALEMIA; HYPOMAGNESEMIA; LEG EDEMA; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LOW DRUG DOSE; MONOTHERAPY; NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIMARY HYPERALDOSTERONISM; PROSTATE HYPERTROPHY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RECOMMENDED DRUG DOSE; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION; SIDE EFFECT; SMOKING CESSATION; STROKE; SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION; SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT PLANNING; WEIGHT REDUCTION; AGING; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; DRUG EFFECT; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; PHYSIOLOGY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE;

AGED; AGING; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC;

EID: 79952065131     PISSN: 11766344     EISSN: 11782048     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s5245     Document Type: Review

References (25)

1. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2003;42:1206-1252.
2. Vasan RS, Beiser A, Seshadri S, et al. Residual lifetime risk for developing hypertension in middle-aged women and men: The Framingham heart study. JAMA. 2002;287:1003-1010.
3. Lakatta EG. Central arterial aging and the epidemic of systolic hypertension and atherosclerosis. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2007;1:302-340.
4. Supiano MA, Hogikyan RV, Sidani MA, et al. Sympathetic nervous system activity and alpha-adrenergic responsiveness in older hypertensive humans. Am J Physiol. 1999;276:E519-E528.
5. Celermajer DS, Sorensen KE, Spiegelhalter DJ, et al. Aging is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy men years before the age-related decline in women. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;24:471-476.
6. Weinberger MH. Sodium and blood pressure 2003. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2004;19:353-356.
7. Sengstock DM, Vaitkevicius PV, Supiano MA. Arterial stiffness is related to insulin resistance in nondiabetic hypertensive older adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:2823-2827.
8. Sowers JR, Whaley-Connell A, Epstein M. Narrative Review: The emerging clinical implications of the role of aldosterone in the metabolic syndrome and resistant hypertension. Ann Int Med. 2009;150:776-783.
9. Chobanian AV. Isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:789-796.
10. Boutouyrie P, Tropeano AI, Asmar R et al. Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of primary coronary events in hypertensive patients. A longitudinal study. Hypertension. 2002;39:10-15.
11. Mackenzie IS, McEniery CM, Dhakam Z, et al. Comparison of the effects of antihypertensive agents on central blood pressure and arterial stiffness in isolated systolic hypertension. Hypertension. 2009;54:409-413.
12. Vasan RS, Evans JC, Larson MG, et al. Serum aldosterone and the incidence of hypertension in nonhypertensive persons. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:33-41.
13. Clement DL, De Buyzere ML, De Bacquer Da, et al. Prognostic value of ambulatory blood-pressure recordings in patients with treated hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:2407-2415.
14. Ohkubo T, Hozawa A, Yamaguchi J, et al. Prognostic significance of the nocturnal decline in blood pressure in individuals with and without high 24-h blood pressure: The Ohasama study. J Hypertension. 2002;20:2183-2189.
15. SHEP Cooperative Research Group. Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). JAMA. 1991;265:3255-3264.
16. Medical Research Council Working Party. MRC trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: rincipal results. BMJ. 1992;304:405-412.
17. Staessen JA, Fagard R, Lutgarde T, et al; For the Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Trial Investigators. Randomised double-blind comparison of placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. Lancet. 1997;350:757-764.
18. Beckett NS, Peters R, Fletcher A, et al. Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1887-1898.
19. Somes GW, Pahor M, Shorr RI, et al. The role of diastolic blood pressure when treating isolated systolic hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159:2004-2009.
20. Whelton PK, Appel LJ, Espeland MA, et al. Sodium reduction and weight loss in the treatment of hypertension in older persons: A randomized controlled trial of non-pharmacologic interventions in the elderly (TONE). JAMA. 1998;279:839-846.
21. ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). JAMA. 2002;288:2981-2997.
22. Siscovick DS, Raghunathan TE, Psaty BM, et al. Diuretic therapy for hypertension and the risk of primary cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:1852-1857.
23. Staessen JA, Fagard R, Thiis L, et al. Randomised double-blind comparison of placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolatedsystolic hypertension. Lancet. 1997;350:757-764.
24. Ji-Guang W, Staessen JA, Lansheng G, et al. Chinese trial on isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160: 211-220.
25. Jamerson K, Weber MA, Bakris GL, et al. Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:2417-2428.