Africa's middle class women bring entrepreneurial opportunities in breast care medical tourism to South Africa

International Journal of Health Planning and Management

Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 39-55

  Ahwireng Obeng, Frederick ^a   Van Loggerenberg, Charl ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Africa South Africa; Breast cancer; Entrepreneurial opportunity; Medical tourism; Middle class women

Indexed keywords

CANCER; DISEASE INCIDENCE; DISEASE TREATMENT; ENTREPRENEUR; HEALTH SERVICES; INCOME DISTRIBUTION; LIFESTYLE; POVERTY; TOURISM MARKET; WOMENS HEALTH;

ADULT; AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; AGED; ARTICLE; BREAST TUMOR; COMMERCIAL PHENOMENA; DECISION MAKING; ECONOMICS; FEMALE; HUMAN; INSURANCE; INTERVIEW; MEDICAL TOURISM; MIDDLE AGED; SOCIAL CLASS; SOUTH AFRICA; STATISTICS;

ADULT; AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; AGED; BREAST NEOPLASMS; DECISION MAKING; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; FEMALE; HUMANS; INSURANCE COVERAGE; INTERVIEWS AS TOPIC; MEDICAL TOURISM; MIDDLE AGED; SOCIAL CLASS; SOUTH AFRICA;

SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 79952025080     PISSN: 07496753     EISSN: 10991751     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/hpm.1034     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Acs Z, Audretsch DB, Braunerclelom P, Carlson B. 2005. The knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship. CEPR Discussion Paper 5326 CEPR, London.
2. Adam M. 2005. Rising popularity of medical tourism reveals deterioration of U.S. health care systems. [accessed 1 July 2005]
3. Ajayi IO, Adewole IF. 2002. Breast and cervical cancer screening activities among family physicians in Nigeria. African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences 31(4): 305-309.
4. Audretsch DB, Feldman MP. 1996. R and D Spillovers and the geography of innovation and production. American Economic Review 86(3): 630-640.
5. Audretsch DB. 2003. Entrepreneurship policy and the strategic management of places. In The Emergence of Entrepreneurship Policy, Hart DM (ed.). Cambridge University Press: Cambridge Mass.
6. Banatar S. 1996. What makes a just healthcare system? British Medical Journal Dec 313: 1567-1568.
7. Bennett M, King B, Milner L. 2004. The Health resort sector in Australia: a positioning study. Journal of Vacation Marketing 10(2): 122-137.
8. Berliner H, O'Toole J. 1988. Are international patients the answer to American hospitals' problems? Health Care Management Review 12(1): 39-46.
9. Bickell NA, Aufses AJ Jr, Chassin MR. 2000. The quality of early-stage breast cancer care. Annals of Surgery 232(2): 220-224.
10. Bland K, Copeland E. 1998. The Breast: Comprehensive Management of Benign and Malignant Diseases, 2nd edn W.B. Saunders: Philadelphia.
11. Bland KK, Menck HR, Scott-Conner, Morrow M, Winshcster DJ, Winchester DP. 1998. The National Cancer Data Base 10-year survey of breast carcinoma treatment at hospitals in the United States. Cancer 83(6): 1262-1273.
12. Choo V. 2002. Southeast Asian countries vie with each other to woo foreign patients. Lancet 360(9338): 1004.
13. Deane N. 2003. Despondent health care workers flee. Health Systems Trust
14. Droste T. 1989. Centre of excellence name tag carries clout. Hospitals 63(2): 54.
15. Erikson N, MacFarlane M. 2004. Health and welfare. In South African Survey, Kane-Berman I (ed.). South African Institute for Race Relations: Johannesburg; 281-327.
16. European Commission. 2003. Green Paper: Entrepreneurship in Europe. European Commission: Luxemburg.
17. Fregene AR, Newman LA. 2005. Breast Cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: how does it relate to breast cancer in African-American women? Cancer DOI: 10.1002/chcr.20978
18. Gilson L, Doherty J, Lake S, McIntyre D, Mwikisa C, Thomas S. 2003. The SAZA study: implementing health financing reform in South Africa and Zambia. Health Policy Plan 18(1): 31-46.
19. Kruger WM, Apffelstaedt JPl. 2007. Young breast cancer patients in the developing world: incidence, choice of surgical treatment and genetic factors. SA Family Practice 49(9): 18-22.
20. Lambo E, Sambo LG. 2003. Health sector reform in sub-Saharan Africa: a synthesis of country experiences. East African Medical Journal 80(Suppl 6): 1-20.
21. Lee C. 2007. Medical Tourism: An innovative Opportunity for Entrepreneurs. Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability
22. Milliken N, Freund K, Pregler Jl, et al. 2001. Academic models of clinical care for women: the national centres of excellence in women's health. Journal of Women's Health & Gender-based Medicine 10(7): 627-636.
23. Monekosse GL. 1993. Meeting the challenges of the African health crisis in the decade of the nineties. African Journal of Medicine and Medical Science 22(4): 7-12.
24. Moore D. 1997. Medical mecca: foreign patients flock to Miami. Modern Health care 27(22): 30-35.
25. Narasimhan V, Brown H, Palos-Mendz A, et al. 2004. Responding to the global human resources crisis. Lancet, May, 363 (9419), 1469-72. [accessed 7 Sept 2003]
26. Rainsbury D. 2003. The need for EU guidelines for multidisciplinary breast-care centres, Statement from the Royal College of Surgeons of England, European parliament transcripts 17 February. [accessed 1 Sept, 2003]
27. Saravathy SD, Dew N, Velamari SR, Venkataraman S. 2003. Three views of entrepreneurial opportunity. In Handbook of Entrepreneurship Research, Acs Z, Audretsch DB (eds). Springer: USA.
28. Shane S. 2000. Prior knowledge and the discovery of entrepreneurial opportunities. Organisation Science 11(4): 448-469.
29. Shane S. 2003. A general theory of entrepreneurship, the individual- opportunity nexus. Aldershort, UK: Edward Edgar.
30. Shane S, Venkataraman S. 2000. The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review 25: 217-236.
31. Shinkman R. 2001. Survey shows small but growing emphasis on attracting overseas patients. Modern Health Care 31(13): 45.6.
32. Wagner M. 1993. More hospitals vie for foreign patients. Modern Health Care 30-31.
33. World Bank. 2007. Global Economic Prospects. Washington DC, The World Bank: Washington DC.
34. Zeida R, Kon MPH, Lackan N. 2008. Ethnic disparities in access to care in post-apartheid South Africa. American Journal of Public Health 98(12): 2272-2277.