Replacement of chemical oxygen demand (COD) with total organic carbon (TOC) for monitoring wastewater treatment performance to minimize disposal of toxic analytical waste

Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering

Volumn 45, Issue 12, 2010, Pages 1595-1600

  Dubber, Donata ^a   Gray, Nicholas F ^a  

^a TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

Author keywords

BOD5; COD; Correlation; Performance monitoring; Prediction; TOC; Wastewater

Indexed keywords

COD; FINAL EFFLUENTS; HAZARDOUS WASTES; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; LINEAR RELATIONSHIPS; MUNICIPAL WASTEWATERS; OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS; PERFORMANCE MONITORING; TOC; TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON; TREATED EFFLUENT; TREATMENT PERFORMANCE; WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS;

BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND; CHROMIUM; FORECASTING; MERCURY (METAL); OPTICAL CORRELATION; WASTEWATER; WASTEWATER DISPOSAL; WASTEWATER TREATMENT;

EFFLUENTS;

ARTICLE; BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND; CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOMESTIC WASTE; EFFLUENT; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE; NONHUMAN; PLANT; TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON; TOXIC WASTE; WASTE DISPOSAL; WASTE WATER; WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; METHODOLOGY; STANDARD; WATER MANAGEMENT; WATER POLLUTANT;

ORGANIC COMPOUND; OXYGEN;

CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES, ANALYTICAL; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ORGANIC CHEMICALS; OXYGEN; WATER POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL; WATER PURIFICATION;

EID: 79951951314     PISSN: 10934529     EISSN: 15324117     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2010.506116     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. ISO. Water quality: Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after n days (BODn), Part 1: Dilution and seeding method with allylthiourea addition. ISO 5815-1:2003. InternationalOrganization for Standardization: Geneva, 2003.
2. ISO.Water quality: Determination of biochemical oxygen demand after n days (BODn), Part 2: Method for undiluted samples. ISO 5815-2:2003. International Organization for Standardization: Geneva, 2003.
3. Fitzmaurice, G.D.; Gray, N.F. Biochemical Oxygen Demand: interlaboratory precision test. Technical Report 4, Water Technology Research, Dublin. 1987; p 32.
4. Fitzmaurice, G.D.; Gray, N.F. Evaluation of manufactured inocula for use in the BOD test. Water Res. 1989, 23(5), p 655-657. (Pubitemid 19183032)
5. ISO. Water quality: Determination of the chemical oxygen demand. ISO 6060:1989, International Organization for Standardization: Geneva, 1989.
6. ISO.Water quality: Determination of the chemical oxygen demand index (ST-COD) -Small-scale sealed-tube method. ISO 15705:2002. International Organization for Standardization: Geneva, 2002.
7. Gray, N.F. Biology ofWastewater Treatment. 2nd ed., Imperial College Press: London, 2004; p. 1421.
8. Kim, H.; Lim, H.; Colosimo, M.F. Determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) using ultrasound digestion and oxidationreduction potential-based titration. J. Environ. Sci. Health Pt. A 2007, 42(11), 1665-1670. (Pubitemid 47402918)
9. Mittal, S.K.; Ratra, R.K. Toxic effect of metal ions on biochemical oxygen demand. Water Res. 2000, 34 (1), 147-152. (Pubitemid 32262215)
10. Bourgeois, W.; Burgess, J.E.; Stuetz, R.M. On-line monitoring of wastewater quality: a review. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 2001, 76(4), 337-348. (Pubitemid 32328209)
11. APHA. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th ed., American Public Health Association: Washington DC; 1998.
12. Hach, COD Waste Disposal Information Letter, L9324 RCRA, [accessed May 2009]. Available from: http://www.hach.com/fmmimghach?/CODE%3AL9324 12-0714544%7C1.
13. Sousa, A.C.; Lucio, M.; Bezerra, O.F.; Marcone, G.P.S.; Pereira, A.F.C.; Dantas, E.O.; Fragoso, W.D.; Araujo, M.C.U.; Galvao, R.K.H. Amethod for determination of COD in a domestic wastewater treatment plant by using near-infrared reflectance spectrometry of seston. Anal. Chim. Acta. 2007, 588(2), 231-236. (Pubitemid 46440714)
14. Silva, C.; Conceicao, C.D.C.; Bonifacio, V.; Fatibello, O.; Teixeira, M. Determination of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) using a copper electrode: a clean alternative method. J. Solid State Electrochem. 2009, 13(5), 665-669.
15. Miller, D. G.; Brayton, S.V.; Boyles, T. Chemical oxygen demand analysis of wastewater using trivalent manganese oxidant with chloride removal by sodium bismuthate pretreatment. Wat. Environ. Res. 2001, 73(1), p 63-71. (Pubitemid 34218402)
16. Stevens, R.; Wallace, B.; Lawson, S. TOC Analysis correlation with other environmental parameters, Application Note, Teledyne Instruments, Tekmar, 2006.
17. Fadini, P.S.; Jardim, W.F.; Guimaraes, J.R. Evaluation of organic load measurement techniques in a sewage and waste stabilisation pond. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2004, 15(1), 131-135. (Pubitemid 38515635)
18. Aziz, J.A.; Tebbutt, T.H.Y. Significance of COD, BOD and TOC correlations in kinetic-models of biological oxication. Water Res. 1980, 14(4), 319-324. (Pubitemid 10154934)
19. Rene, E.R.; Saidutta, M.B. Prediction of water quality indices by regression analysis and artificial neural networks. Int. J. Environ. Res. 2008, 2(2), 183-188. (Pubitemid 351454637)
20. Reuschenbach, P.; Pagga, U.; Strotmann, U. A critical comparison of respirometric biodegradation tests based on OECD 301 and related test methods. Water Res. 2003, 37(7), 1571-1582. (Pubitemid 36207567)
21. Hach. Chemical Oxygen Demand: US EPA Reactor Digestion Method 8000. DOC316.53.01099. 5th Edition ed., Hach Company: Loveland Co., 2008.
22. Fitzmaurice, G.D.; Gray, N.F.; Evaluation of manufactured inocula for use in the BOD test. Water Res. 1989, 23(5), 655-657. (Pubitemid 19183032)
23. Calcutt, R.; Boddy, R, Statistics for Analytical Chemists. Chapman and Hall, London, 1983; p 275.
24. Ademoroti, C.M.A. Models to predict BODfromCODvalues. Effl. Water Treat. 1986, 26, 80-84.
25. Eckenfelder, W.W. Principles of Water Quality Management. CBI Publishing Company: Boston, 1980; p 717.
26. Hill, D.R.; Spiegel, S.J. Characterization of industrial-wastes by evaluating BOD, COD and TOC. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 1980, 52 (11), 2704-2708.