Increased risk of fragility fractures among HIV infected compared to uninfected male veterans

PLoS ONE

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2011, Pages

  Womack, Julie A ^a   Goulet, Joseph L ^a   Gibert, Cynthia ^b   Brandt, Cynthia ^a,c   Chang, Chung Chou ^d   Gulanski, Barbara ^a,c   Fraenkel, Liana ^a,c   Mattocks, Kristin ^a,c   Rimland, David ^e   Rodriguez Barradas, Maria C ^f   Tate, Janet ^a   Yin, Michael T ^g   Justice, Amy C ^a,c  

^a VA CONNECTICUT HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^b GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^e EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^f BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^g NewYork Presbyterian Hospital   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROTEINASE INHIBITOR;

ADULT; ALCOHOL ABUSE; ARM FRACTURE; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRUG USE; FRAGILITY FRACTURE; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HIP FRACTURE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MALE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SMOKING HABIT; VERTEBRA FRACTURE; VETERAN; AGED; BONE DENSITY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FOLLOW UP; FRACTURE; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; MIDDLE AGED; OSTEOPOROSIS; PHYSIOLOGY; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; STATISTICS;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BONE DENSITY; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; FRACTURES, BONE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OSTEOPOROSIS; RISK FACTORS; SEX CHARACTERISTICS; VETERANS;

EID: 79951930013     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017217     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Arnsten JH, Freeman R, Howard AA, Floris-Moore M, Santoro N, et al. (2006) HIV infection and bone mineral density in middle-aged women. Clin Infect Dis 42: 1014-1020.
2. Amiel C, Ostertag A, Slama L, Baudoin C, N'Guyen T, et al. (2004) BMD is reduced in HIV-infected men irrespective of treatment. J Bone Miner Res 19: 402-409.
3. Tebas P, Powderly WG, Claxton S, Marin D, Tantisiriwat W, et al. (2000) Accelerated bone mineral loss in HIV-infected patients receiving potent antiretroviral therapy. Aids 14: F63-67.
4. Bruera D, Luna N, David DO, Bergoglio LM, Zamudio J, (2003) Decreased bone mineral density in HIV-infected patients is independent of antiretroviral therapy. Aids 17: 1917-1923.
5. Arnsten JH, Freeman R, Howard AA, Floris-Moore M, Lo Y, et al. (2007) Decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture risk in aging men with or at risk for HIV infection. Aids 21: 617-623.
6. Collin F, Duval X, Le Moing V, Piroth L, Al Kaied F, et al. (2009) Ten-year incidence and risk factors of bone fractures in a cohort of treated HIV1-infected adults. Aids 23: 1021-1024.
7. Prior J, Burdge D, Maan E, Milner R, Hankins C, et al. (2007) Fragility fractures and bone mineral density in HIV positive women: a case-control population-based study. Osteoporos Int 18: 1345-1353.
8. Triant VA, Brown TT, Lee H, Grinspoon SK, (2008) Fracture prevalence among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected versus non-HIV-infected patients in a large U.S. healthcare system. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93: 3499-3504.
9. Steinke DT, Weston TL, Morris AD, MacDonald TM, Dillon JF, (2002) Epidemiology and economic burden of viral hepatitis: an observational population based study. Gut 50: 100-105.
10. Crothers K, Butt AA, Gibert CL, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Crystal S, et al. (2006) Increased COPD among HIV-positive compared to HIV-negative veterans. Chest 130: 1326-1333.
11. Weber R, Sabin CA, Friis-Moller N, Reiss P, El-Sadr WM, et al. (2006) Liver-related deaths in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: the D:A:D study. Arch Intern Med 166: 1632-1641.
12. Hoffmann M, Berger JR, Nath A, Rayens M, (2000) Cerebrovascular disease in young, HIV-infected, black Africans in the KwaZulu Natal province of South Africa. J Neurovirol 6: 229-236.
13. Targownik LE, Lix LM, Metge CJ, Prior HJ, Leung S, et al. (2008) Use of proton pump inhibitors and risk of osteoporosis-related fractures. Cmaj 179: 319-326.
14. Grund B, Peng G, Gibert CL, Hoy JF, Isaksson RL, et al. (2009) Continuous antiretroviral therapy decreases bone mineral density. Aids 23: 1519-1529.
15. Cazanave C, Dupon M, Lavignolle-Aurillac V, Barthe N, Lawson-Ayayi S, et al. (2008) Reduced bone mineral density in HIV-infected patients: prevalence and associated factors. Aids 22: 395-402.
16. Gallant JE, Chaisson RE, Moore RD, (1998) The effect of adjunctive corticosteroids for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia on mortality and subsequent complications. Chest 114: 1258-1263.
17. Calmy A, Fux CA, Norris R, Vallier N, Delhumeau C, et al. (2009) Low bone mineral density, renal dysfunction, and fracture risk in HIV infection: a cross-sectional study. J Infect Dis 200: 1746-1754.
18. Duvivier C, Kolta S, Assoumou L, Ghosn J, Rozenberg S, et al. (2009) Greater decrease in bone mineral density with protease inhibitor regimens compared with nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor regimens in HIV-1 infected naive patients. Aids 23: 817-824.
19. Wang GC, Kao WH, Murakami P, Xue QL, Chiou RB, et al. Cytomegalovirus infection and the risk of mortality and frailty in older women: a prospective observational cohort study. Am J Epidemiol 171: 1144-1152.
20. Piliero PJ, Gianoukakis AG, (2002) Ritonavir-associated hyperparathyroidism, osteopenia and bone pain. Aids 16: 1565-1566.
21. Fultz SL, Skanderson M, Mole LA, Gandhi N, Bryant K, et al. (2006) Development and verification of a "virtual" cohort using the National VA Health Information System. Med Care 44: S25-30.
22. Hajcsar EE, Hawker G, Bogoch ER, (2000) Investigation and treatment of osteoporosis in patients with fragility fractures. Cmaj 163: 819-822.
23. Nguyen TV, Center JR, Sambrook PN, Eisman JA, (2001) Risk factors for proximal humerus, forearm, and wrist fractures in elderly men and women: the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study. Am J Epidemiol 153: 587-595.
24. Buhr AJ, Cooke AM, (1959) Fracture patterns. Lancet 1: 531-536.
25. McQueen MaC-B CM, (2003) Increasing age and fractures of the distal radius. Current Orthopaedics 17: 360-368.
26. Lindau TR, Aspenberg P, Arner M, Redlundh-Johnell I, Hagberg L, (1999) Fractures of the distal forearm in young adults. An epidemiologic description of 341 patients. Acta Orthop Scand 70: 124-128.
27. CDC (2004) HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, 2003.
28. Landis JR, Koch GG, (1977) The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33: 159-174.
29. van Diepen S, Majumdar SR, Bakal JA, McAlister FA, Ezekowitz JA, (2008) Heart failure is a risk factor for orthopedic fracture: a population-based analysis of 16,294 patients. Circulation 118: 1946-1952.
30. Collins TC, Ewing SK, Diem SJ, Taylor BC, Orwoll ES, et al. (2009) Peripheral arterial disease is associated with higher rates of hip bone loss and increased fracture risk in older men. Circulation 119: 2305-2312.
31. Kanis JA, Johnell O, Oden A, Sembo I, Redlund-Johnell I, et al. (2000) Long-term risk of osteoporotic fracture in Malmo. Osteoporos Int 11: 669-674.
32. Kanis JA, Johansson H, Johnell O, Oden A, De Laet C, et al. (2005) Alcohol intake as a risk factor for fracture. Osteoporos Int 16: 737-742.
33. De Laet C, Kanis JA, Oden A, Johanson H, Johnell O, et al. (2005) Body mass index as a predictor of fracture risk: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 16: 1330-1338.
34. Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C, (2009) Predicting risk of osteoporotic fracture in men and women in England and Wales: prospective derivation and validation of QFractureScores. Bmj 339: b4229.
35. Justice AC, Lasky E, McGinnis KA, Skanderson M, Conigliaro J, et al. (2006) Medical disease and alcohol use among veterans with human immunodeficiency infection: A comparison of disease measurement strategies. Med Care 44: S52-60.
36. Bolland MJ, Grey AB, Horne AM, Briggs SE, Thomas MG, et al. (2007) Bone mineral density remains stable in HAART-treated HIV-infected men over 2 years. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 67: 270-275.
37. Brown TT, Qaqish RB, (2006) Antiretroviral therapy and the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis: a meta-analytic review. Aids 20: 2165-2174.
38. Teichmann J, Stephan E, Lange U, Discher T, Friese G, et al. (2003) Osteopenia in HIV-infected women prior to highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Infect 46: 221-227.
39. Stellbrink H, Moyle G, Orkin C, et al. Assessment of safety and efficacy of abacavir/lamivudine and tenofovir/emtricitabine in treatment-naive HIV-1 infected subjects. ASSERT: 48 week result; 2009 November 11-14, 2009; Cologne, Germany.
40. Rubin D, (1976) Inference and missing data. Biometrika 63: 581-592.
41. Allison P, (2001) Missing Data: Thousand Oaks: Sage.
42. Van Staa TP, Leufkens HG, Abenhaim L, Zhang B, Cooper C, (2000) Use of oral corticosteroids and risk of fractures. J Bone Miner Res 15: 993-1000.
43. Bolland MJ, Grey AB, Gamble GD, Reid IR, (2007) CLINICAL Review #: low body weight mediates the relationship between HIV infection and low bone mineral density: a meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92: 4522-4528.
44. McComsey GA, Huang JS, Woolley IJ, Young B, Sax PE, et al. (2004) Fragility fractures in HIV-infected patients: need for better understanding of diagnosis and management. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic Ill) 3: 86-91.
45. Warriner AH, Mugavero MJ, Bone changes and fracture risk in individuals infected with HIV. Curr Rheumatol Rep 12: 163-169.
46. Cheung AM, Detsky AS, (2008) Osteoporosis and fractures: missing the bridge? Jama 299: 1468-1470.
47. Siris ES, Chen YT, Abbott TA, Barrett-Connor E, Miller PD, et al. (2004) Bone mineral density thresholds for pharmacological intervention to prevent fractures. Arch Intern Med 164: 1108-1112.
48. Sornay-Rendu E, Munoz F, Garnero P, Duboeuf F, Delmas PD, (2005) Identification of osteopenic women at high risk of fracture: the OFELY study. J Bone Miner Res 20: 1813-1819.
49. Pasco JA, Seeman E, Henry MJ, Merriman EN, Nicholson GC, et al. (2006) The population burden of fractures originates in women with osteopenia, not osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 17: 1404-1409.
50. Szulc P, Munoz F, Duboeuf F, Marchand F, Delmas PD, (2005) Bone mineral density predicts osteoporotic fractures in elderly men: the MINOS study. Osteoporos Int 16: 1184-1192.
51. Kanis JA, Johnell O, Oden A, Johansson H, McCloskey E, (2008) FRAX and the assessment of fracture probability in men and women from the UK. Osteoporos Int 19: 385-397.
52. Kitahata MM, Gange SJ, Abraham AG, Merriman B, Saag MS, et al. (2009) Effect of early versus deferred antiretroviral therapy for HIV on survival. N Engl J Med 360: 1815-1826.
53. (2008) Life expectancy of individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy in high-income countries: a collaborative analysis of 14 cohort studies. Lancet 372: 293-299.
54. Ray M, Logan R, Sterne JA, Hernadez-Diaz S, Robins JM, et al. The effect of combined antiretroviral therapy on the overall mortality of HIV-infected individuals. Aids 24: 123-137.
55. Papaioannou A, Kennedy CC, Ioannidis G, Gao Y, Sawka AM, et al. (2008) The osteoporosis care gap in men with fragility fractures: the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. Osteoporos Int 19: 581-587.
56. Giangregorio L, Papaioannou A, Cranney A, Zytaruk N, Adachi JD, (2006) Fragility fractures and the osteoporosis care gap: an international phenomenon. Semin Arthritis Rheum 35: 293-305.
57. Osnes EK, Lofthus CM, Meyer HE, Falch JA, Nordsletten L, et al. (2004) Consequences of hip fracture on activities of daily life and residential needs. Osteoporos Int 15: 567-574.
58. Crawford SL, Tennstedt SL, McKinlay JB, (1995) A comparison of anlaytic methods for non-random missingness of outcome data. J Clin Epidemiol 48: 209-219.
59. Sterne JA, White IR, Carlin JB, Spratt M, Royston P, et al. (2009) Multiple imputation for missing data in epidemiological and clinical research: potential and pitfalls. Bmj 338: b2393.