Body mass index, medical qualification status, and discharge during the first year of US Army service

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 93, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 608-614

  Packnett, Elizabeth R ^a,b   Niebuhr, David W ^a   Bedno, Sheryl A ^a,c   Cowan, David N ^a,b  

^a WALTER REED ARMY INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH   (United States)

^b Allied Technology Group   (United States)

^c EISENHOWER ARMY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARMY; ARTICLE; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY MASS; HEALTH STATUS; HUMAN; MEDICAL EXAMINATION; MORBIDITY; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY MASS INDEX; DISABLED PERSONS; FEMALE; HEALTH POLICY; HEALTH STATUS; HUMANS; MALE; MILITARY PERSONNEL; OVERWEIGHT; PHYSICAL FITNESS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; THINNESS; UNITED STATES; WOUNDS AND INJURIES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79951921694     PISSN: 00029165     EISSN: 19383207     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.110.007070     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Lowery B. Obesity policy spotlight: New trends in obesity policy. Bariat Nurs Surg Pat. 2009;4:325-6.
2. Nestle M, Jacobson MF. Halting the obesity epidemic: a public health policy approach. Public Health Rep 2000;115:12-24. (Pubitemid 30146482)
3. Christeson W, Taggart AD, Messner-Zidell S. Too fat to fight: retired military leaders want junk food out of America's schools. Washington, DC: Mission: Readiness, April 2010.
4. Lindquist CH, Bray RM. Trends in overweight and physical activity among US military personnel, 1995-1998. Prev Med 2001;32:57-65.
5. Franke WD, Ramey SL, Shelle MC. Relationship between cardiovascular disease morbidity, risk factors, and stress in a law enforcement cohort. J Occup Environ Med 2002;44:1182-9. (Pubitemid 36024922)
6. Hsu LL, Nevin RL, Tobler SK, Rubertone MV. Trends in overweight and obesity among 18-year-old applicants to the United States military, 1993-2006. J Adolesc Health 2007;41:610-2.
7. Niebuhr DW, Cavicchia MA, Bedno SA, et al. Accession medical standards analysis and research activity, annual report 2009. Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Silver Spring, MD, 2009. Available from: http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/ oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA506472 (cited 31 July 2010).
8. Knapik JJ, Canham-Chervak M, Hauret K, Hoeddebecke E, Laurin MJ, Cuthie J. Discharges during US Army basic training: injury rates and risk factors. Mil Med 2001;166:641-7. (Pubitemid 32635036)
9. Friedl KE, Vogel JA, Bovee MW, Jones BH. Assessment of body weight standards in male and female army recruits. Exercise Physiology Division. Natlick, MA: US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 1989. (Technical report no. T15-90.)
10. Clark S, Rene A, Theurer WM, Marshall M. Association of body mass index and healthy status in firefighters. J Occup Environ Med 2002;44:940-6.
11. Fahs CA, Smith DL, Horn GP, et al. Impact of excess body weight on arterial structure, function, and blood pressure in firefighters. Am J Cardiol 2009;104:1441-5.
12. Soteriades ES, Hauser R, Kawachi I, Christiani DC, Kales SN. Obesity and the risk of job disability in male firefighters. Occup Med (Lond) 2008;58:245-50. (Pubitemid 351818475)
13. Tsismenakis AJ, Christophi CA, Burress JW, Kinney AM, Kim M, Kales SN. The obesity epidemic and future emergency responders. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009;17:1648-50.
14. Nabeel I, Baker BA, McGrail MP, Flottenmesch TJ. Correlation between physical activity, fitness, and musculoskeletal injuries in police officers. Minn Med 2007;90:40-3.
15. Knapik JJ, Darakjy S, Hauret KG, et al. Increasing the physical fitness of low-fit recruits before basic combat training: an evaluation of fitness, injuries, and training outcomes. Mil Med 2006;171:45-54. (Pubitemid 43257852)
16. Billings CE. Epidemiology of injuries and illnesses during the United States Air Force Academy 2002 Basic Cadet Training program: documenting the need for prevention. Mil Med 2004;169:664-70.
17. Poston WS, Haddock K, Talcott GW, Klesges RC, Lando HA, Peterson A. Are overweight and obese airmen at greater risk of discharge from the United States Air Force? Mil Med 2002;167:585-8.
18. Reis JP, Trone DW, Macera CA, Rauh MJ. Factors associated with discharge during Marine Corps basic training. Mil Med 2007;172:936-41. (Pubitemid 47427660)
19. Knapik JJ, Jones SB, Darakjy S, et al. Injuries and injury risk factors among members of the United States Army Band. Am J Ind Med 2007;50:951-61. (Pubitemid 350191449)
20. Kyröläinen H, Häkkinen K, Kautiainen H, Santtila M, Pihlainen K, Häkkinen A. Physical fitness, BMI and sickness absence in male military personnel. Occup Med (Lond) 2008;58:251-6.
21. Lusky A, Barell V, Lubin F, et al. Relationship between morbidity and extreme values of body mass index in adolescents. Int J Epidemiol 1996;25:829-34. (Pubitemid 26290068)
22. Wilkins K, Mackenzie SG. Work injuries. Health Rep 2007;18:25-42.
23. Friedl KE. Can you be large and not be obese? The distinction between body weight, body fat, and abdominal fat in occupational standards. Diabetes Technol Ther 2004;6:732-49. (Pubitemid 39383076)
24. Neovius M, Kark M, Rasmussen F. Association between obesity status in young adulthood and disability pension. Int J Obes (Lond) 2008;32:1319-26.
25. Trone DW, Villasenor A, Macera CA. Negative first-term outcomes associated with lower extremity injury during recruit training among female Marine Corps graduates. Mil Med 2007;172:83-9. (Pubitemid 46080108)
26. Talcott GW, Haddock CK, Klesges RC, Lando H, Fielder E. Prevalence and predictors of discharge in United States Air Force Base Military Training. Mil Med 1999;164:269-74. (Pubitemid 29174389)
27. National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. September 1998. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/obesity/ob-gdlns.pdf (cited 5 April 2010).
28. Army Regulation 40-501. Standards of medical fitness. Version current 14 January 2008. Available from: http://www.army.mil/usapa/epubs/xml-pubs/r40-501/ cover.xml (cited 5 April 2010).
29. Army Regulation 601-210. Active and reserve components enlistment program. Version current 7 July 2007. Available from: http://www.army.mil/usapa/ epubs/xml-pubs/r601-210/cover.xml (cited 5 April 2010).
30. Niebuhr DW, Powers TE, Li Y, Millikan AM. The enlisted accession medical process. In: DeKoning, ed. Textbook of military medicine. Recruit medicine. Falls Church, VA: Office of the Surgeon General, US Army, 2006:45-58.
31. Cox KA, Clark KL, Li Y, Powers TE, Krauss MR. Prior knee injury and risk of future hospitalization and discharge from military service. Am J Prev Med 2000;18(3 suppl):112-7. (Pubitemid 30608691)
32. Jankosky C, Niebuhr DW, Powers TE, Krauss MR. Attrition of military enlistees with a medical waiver for chronic headache, 1995-2000. Mil Med 2006;171:1235-8.
33. Otto WC, Niebuhr DW, Powers TE, Krauss MR, McVeigh FL, Tarbett AK. Attrition of military enlistees with a medical waiver for myopia, 1999-2001. Mil Med 2006;171:1137-41.
34. Krauss MR, Russell RK, Powers TE, Li Y. Accession standards for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a survival analysis of military recruits, 1995-2000. Mil Med 2006;171:99-102.
35. Garrow JS, Webster J. Quetelet's index (W/H2) as measure of fatness. Int J Obes 1985;9:147-53. (Pubitemid 15043191)
36. Heinrich KM, Jitnarin H, Suminski RR, et al. Obesity classification in military personnel: a comparison of body fat, waist circumference, and body mass index measurements. Mil Med 2008;173:67-83.
37. Mullie P, Vansant G, Hulens M, Clarys P, Degrave E. Evaluation of body fat estimated from body mass index and impedance in Belgian male military candidates: comparing two methods for estimating body composition. Mil Med 2008;173:266-70. (Pubitemid 351367420)
38. Malavolti M, Battistini NC, Dugoni M, Bagni B, Bagni I, Pietrobelli A. Effect of intense military training on body composition. J Strength Cond Res 2008;22:503-8.
39. Jette M, Sidney K. Fitness, performance, and anthropometric characteristics of 19,185 Canadian forces personnel classified according to body mass index. Mil Med 1990;155:120-6. (Pubitemid 20140120)
40. Kaufman KR, Brodine S, Shaffer R. Military training-related injuries: surveillance, research, and prevention. Am J Prev Med 200;18(3 suppl):54-63.
41. Booth-Kewley S, Larson GE, Ryan MA. Predictors of Navy attrition. I. Analysis of 1-year attrition. Mil Med 2002;167:760-9.
42. Conway TL, Woodruff SI, Hervig LK. Women's smoking history prior to entering the US Navy: a prospective predictor of performance. Tob Control 2007;16:79-84.
43. Klesges RC, Haddock CK, Chang CF, Talcott W, Lando HA. The association of smoking and the cost of military training. Tob Control 2001;10:43-7. (Pubitemid 33720567)
44. Larsson H, Broman L, Harms-Ringdahl K. Individual risk factors associated with premature discharge from military service. Mil Med 2009;174:9-20.
45. Cowan DN, Bedno SA, Urban N, Yi B, Niebuhr DW. Musculoskeletal injuries among overweight male Army trainees: incidence and healthcare utilization. Occup Med (in press).
46. Niebuhr DW, Powers TE, Krauss MR, Cuda AS, Johnson BM. A review of initial entry training discharges at Fort Leonard Wood, MO for accuracy of discharge classification type: fiscal year 2003. Mil Med 2006;171:1142-6. (Pubitemid 44763891)