On the relationship between water vapour field evolution and the life cycle of precipitation systems

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Volumn 137, Issue SUPPL. 1, 2011, Pages 204-223

  Van Baelen, J ^a   Reverdy, M ^a   Tridon, F ^a   Labbouz, L ^a   Dick, G ^b   Bender, M ^b   Hagen, M ^c  

^a UNIVERSITÉ BLAISE PASCAL   (France)

^b GFZ GERMAN RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GEOSCIENCES   (Germany)

^c GERMAN AEROSPACE CENTER DLR   (Germany)

Author keywords

COPS; GPS; Orography; Weather radar

Indexed keywords

CONVECTIVE CELL; CONVECTIVE CLOUDS; CONVECTIVE INITIATION; COPS; FIELD CAMPAIGN; FIELD EVOLUTION; FRONTAL SYSTEM; GPS; GROUND BASED; HIGH WATER; LIQUID WATER; LOCAL CONVERGENCE; OROGRAPHY; PRECIPITATION SYSTEMS; ROLE OF WATER; WATER VAPOUR; WEATHER RADAR; WEATHER RADARS;

LANDFORMS; METEOROLOGICAL RADAR; RADAR; TOMOGRAPHY;

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS;

ATMOSPHERIC CONVECTION; CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY LAYER; CONVECTIVE CLOUD; DOPPLER RADAR; GPS; LEE WAVE; OROGRAPHY; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); WATER VAPOR; WEATHER FORECASTING;

BADEN-WURTTEMBERG; BLACK FOREST; FRANCE; GERMANY; RHINE VALLEY; VOSGES [(MNR) FRANCE];

EID: 79951883810     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: 1477870X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/qj.785     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Aoshima F, Behrendt A, Bauer H-S, Wulfmeyer V 2008 Statistics of convection initiation by use of Meteosat rapid scan data during the Convection and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS). Meteorol. Z. 17: 921-930.
2. Barthlott C, Burton R, Kirshbaum D, Hanley K, Richard E, Chaboureau J-P, Trentmann J, Kern B, Bauer H-S, Schwitalla T, Keil C, Seity Y, Gadian A, Blyth A, Mobbs S, Flamant C, Handwerker J. 2011. Initiation of deep convection at marginal instability in an ensemble of mesoscale models: a case-study from COPS. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137(S1): 118-136, DOI: 10.1002/qj.707.
3. Behrendt A, Pal S, Aoshima F, Bender M, Blyth A, Corsmeier U, Cuesta J, Dick G, Dorninger M, Flamant C, Di Girolamo P, Gorgas T, Huang Y, Kalthoff N, Khodayar S, Mannstein H, Träumner K, Wieser A, Wulfmeyer V. 2011. Observation of convection initiation processes with a suite of state-of-the-art research instruments during COPS IOP 8b. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137(S1): 81-100, DOI: 10.1002/qj.758.
4. Bender M, Dick G, Wickert J, Schmidt T, Song S, Gendt G, Ge M, Rothacher M. 2008. Validation of GPS slant delays using water vapour radiometers and weather models. Meteorol. Z. 17: 807-812.
5. Bennett LJ, Blyth AM, Burton RR, Gadian AM, Weckwerth TM, Behrendt A, Di Girolamo P, Dorninger M, Lock S-J, Smith VH, Mobbs SD. 2011. Initiation of convection over the Black Forest mountains during COPS IOP15a. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137(S1): 176-189, DOI: 10.1002/qj.760.
6. Bevis M, Businger S, Herring TA, Rocken C, Anthes RA, Ware RH. 1992. GPS meteorology: Remote sensing of atmospheric water vapour using the Global Positioning System. J. Geophys. Res. 103: 15787-15801.
7. Bevis M, Businger S, Chiswell SR, Herring TA, Anthes RA, Rocken C, Ware RH. 1994. GPS meteorology: Mapping zenith wet delay onto precipitable water. J. Appl. Meteorol. 33: 379-386.
8. Boehm J, Niell A, Tregoning P, Schuh H. 2006. Global Mapping Function (GMF): A new empirical mapping function based on numerical weather model data. Geophys.Res. Lett. 33: L07304, DOI: 10.1029/2005GL025546.
9. Braun J, Rocken C, Liljegren J. 2003. Comparisons of line-of-sight water vapour observations using the Global Positioning System and a pointing microwave radiometer. J.Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 20: 606-612.
10. Businger S, Chiswell SR, Bevis M, Duan J, Anthes RA, Rocken C, Ware RH, Exner M, VanHove T, Solheim F. 1996. The promise of GPS in atmospheric monitoring. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 77: 5-18.
11. Champollion C, Masson F, Bouin M-N, Walpersdorf A, Doerflinger E, Bock O, Van Baelen J. 2005. GPS water vapour tomography: First results from the ESCOMPTE field experiment. Atmos. Res. 74: 253-274.
12. Champollion C, Flamant C, Bock O, Masson F, Turner DD, Weckwerth TM. 2009. Mesoscale GPS tomography applied to the 12 June 2002 convective initiation event of IHOP-2002. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 135: 645-662, DOI: 10.1002/qj.386.
13. Collier CG, Davies F, Davis J, Pearson G, Hagen M. 2008. 'Doppler radar and lidar observations of a thunderstorm outflow'. In Proceedings of the fifth European Conference on Radar in Meteorology and Hydrology, Helsinki, Finland, 30 June-4 July 2008.
14. Corsmeier U, Kalthoff N, Barthlott C, Behrendt A, Di Girolamo P, Dorninger M, Handwerker J, Kottmeier C, Mahlke H, Mobbs SD, Norton EG, Wickert J, Wulfmeyer V 2011 Processes driving deep convection over complex terrain: a multi-scale analysis of observations from COPS IOP 9c. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137(S1): 137-155, DOI: 10.1002/qj.754.
15. Duan J, Bevis M, Fang P, Bock Y, Chiswell SR, Businger S, Rocken C, Solheim F, VanHove T, Ware R, McClusky S, Herring TA, King RW. 1996. GPS meteorology: Direct estimation of the absolute value of precipitable water. J. Appl. Meteorol. 35: 830-838.
16. Emardson TR, Derks HJP. 1999. On the relation between the wet delay and the integrated precipitable water vapour in the European atmosphere. Meteorol. Appl. 6: 1-12.
17. Flores A, Rius A, Ruffini G. 2000. 4D tropospheric tomography using GPS slant wet delays. Ann. Geophys. 18: 223-224.
18. Flores A, Vilà-Guerau de Arellano J, Gradinarsky L, Rius A. 2001. Tomography of the lower troposphere using a small dense network of GPS receivers. IEEE Trans. Geosci.Remote Sensing 39: 439-447.
19. Gendt G, Dick G, Rius A, Sedo P. 2001. Comparison of software and techniques for water vapour estimation using German near-real-time GPS data. Phys. Chem.Earth A 26: 417-420.
20. Gendt G, Dick G, Reigber C, Tomassini M, Liu Y, Ramatschi M. 2004. Near-real-time GPS water vapour monitoring for numerical weather prediction in Germany. J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan 82: 361-370.
21. Gradinarsky LP, Jarlemark P. 2004. Ground-based GPS tomography of water vapour: Analysis of simulated and real data. J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan 82: 551-560.
22. Ha S-Y, Kuo Y-H, Guo Y-R. 2003. Variational assimilation of slant-path wet delay measurements from a hypothetical ground-based GPS network. Part I: Comparison with precipitable water assimilation. Mon. Weather Rev. 131: 2635-2655.
23. Hagen M, van Baelen J, Richard E. 2011. Influence of the wind profile on the initiation of convection in mountainous terrain. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137(S1): 224-235, DOI: 10.1002/qj.784.
24. Kottmeier C, Kalthoff N, Barthlott C, Corsmeier U, Van Baelen J, Behrendt A, Behrendt R, Blyth A, Coulter R, Crewell S, Di Giromalo P, Dorninger M, Flamant C, Foken T, Hagen M, Hauck C, Höller H, Konow H, Kunz M, Mahlke H, Mobbs SD, Richard E, Steinacker R, Weckwerth TM, Wieser A, Wulfmeyer V. 2008. Mechanisms initiating deep convection over complex terrain during COPS. Meteorol. Z. 17: 931-948.
25. Liljegren JC, Lesht BM, VanHove T, Rocken C. 1999. 'A comparison of integrated water vapor from microwave radiometer, balloon-borne sounding system, and global positionnng system'. Ninth ARM Science Team Meeting, San Antonio, TX, 22-26 March 1999.
26. Liu H, Xue M. 2006. Retrieval of moisture from slant-path water vapour observations of a hypothetical GPS network using a three-dimensional variational scheme with anisotropic background error. Mon. Weather Rev. 134: 933-949.
27. MacDonald A, Xie Y, Ware R. 2002. Diagnosis of three-dimensional water vapour using slant observations from a GPS network. Mon. Weather Rev. 130: 386-397.
28. McClatchey RA, Fenn RW, Selby JEA, Volz FE, Garing JS. 1972. 'Optical properties of the atmosphere'. Environmental Research Paper AFCRL-72-0497, Air Force Cambridge Research Lab: Hanscom, Mass, USA.
29. Menke W. 1989. Geophysical Data Analysis: Discrete Inverse Theory. Academic Press: London.
30. Niell AE. 1996. Global mapping functions for the atmosphere delay at radio wavelengths. J. Geophys. Res. 101: 3227-3246.
31. Planche C, Wobrock W, Flossmann AI, Tridon F, Van Baelen J, Pointin Y, Hagen M. 2010. The influence of aerosol particle number and hygroscopicity on the evolution of convective cloud systems and their precipitation: A numerical study based on the COPS observations on 12 August 2007. Atmos. Res. 98: 40-56, DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.05.003.
32. Reverdy M. 2008. 'Estimation des paramètres atmosphériques par GPS: analyse de la variabilité spatio-temporelle de la vapeur d'eau'. Thesis 598, Université Blaise Pascal: Clermont-Ferrand, France.
33. Reverdy M, Van Baelen J, Walpersdorf A, Dick G, Hagen M, Richard E. 2009. Water vapour field retrieval with tomography software. Ann. Meteorol. 44: 144-145. Deutscher Wetterdienst: Offenbach.
34. Richard E, Flamant C, Bouttier F, Van Baelen J, Champollion C, Hagen M, Cuesta J, Bosser P, Pigeon G, Argence S, Arnault J, Brousseau P, Seity Y, Chaboureau J-P, Limnaios P, Masson F, Pointin Y, Di Girolamo P, Wulfmeyer V. 2009. La campagne COPS: Initiation et cycle de vie de la convection en région montagneuse. La Météorologie 64: 32-42.
35. Richard E, Chaboureau J-P, Flamant C, Champollion C, Hagen M, Schmidt K, Kiemle C, Corsmeier C, Barthlott C. 2011. Forecasting summer convection over the Black Forest: a case-study from the Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS) experiment. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137(S1): 101-117, DOI: 10.1002/qj.710.
36. Saastamoinen J. 1972. Atmospheric correction for the troposphere and stratosphere in radio ranging of satellites. In The use of Artificial Satellites for Geodesy. Geophys. Monogr. 15: 247-251. Amer. Geophys. Union: Washington DC.
37. Schroth AC, Chandra MS, Mesichner PF. 1988. A C-band coherent polarimetric radar for propagation and cloud physics research. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 5: 803-822.
38. Schwitalla T, Bauer H-S, Wulfmeyer V 2011 High-resolution simulation over central Europe using GPS-ZTD observations with WRF 3D-Var: a case-study of COPS IOP9c. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137(S1): 156-175.
39. Solheim F, Vivekanandan J, Ware R, Rocken C. 1999. Propagation delays induced in GPS signals by dry air, water vapour, hydrometeors and other atmospheric particulates. J. Geophys Res. 104D8 9663-9670.
40. Steinacker R, Ratheiser M, Bica B, Chimani B, Dorninger M, Gepp W, Lotteraner C, Schneider S, Tschannett S. 2006. A mesoscale data analysis and downscaling method over complex terrain. Mon. Weather Rev. 134: 2758-2771.
41. Tarantola A. 2005. Inverse problem theory and methods for model parameter estimation. SIAM: Philadelphia, USA.
42. Tregoning P, Boers R, O'Brien D, Hendy M. 1998. Accuracy of absolute precipitable water vapour estimates from GPS observations. J. Geophys. Res. 103: 28701-28710.
43. Van Baelen J, Penide G. 2009. Study of water vapour vertical variability and possible cloud formation with a small network of GPS stations. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36: L02804, DOI: 10.1029/2008GL036148.
44. Van Baelen J, Aubagnac J-P, Dabas A. 2005. Comparison of near-real-time estimates of integrated water vapour derived with GPS, radiosondes, and microwave radiometer. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 22: 201-210.
45. Wang J, Zhang L, Dai A, Van Hove T, Van Baelen J. 2007. A near-global two-hourly data set of atmospheric precipitable water from ground-based GPS measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 112: D11107, DOI: 10.1029/2006JD007529.
46. Ware R, Alber C, Rocken C, Solheim F. 1997. Sensing integrated water vapour along GPS ray paths. Geophys. Res. Lett. 24: 417-420.
47. Wulfmeyer V, Behrendt A, Bauer H-S, Kottmeier C, Corsmeier U, Blyth A, Craig G, Schumann U, Hagen M, Crewell S, Di Girolamo P, Flamant C, Miller M, Montani A, Mobbs SD, Richard E, Rotach MW, Arpagaus M, Russchenberg H, Schlüssel P, König M, Gärtner V, Steinacker R, Dorninger M, Turner DD, Weckwerth TM, Hense A, Simmer C. 2008. The Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study: A research and development project of the World Weather Research Program for improving quantitative precipitation forecasting in low-mountain regions. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 89: 1477-1486.
48. Wulfmeyer V, Behrendt A, Kottmeier C, Corsmeier U, Barthlott C, Craig G, Hagen M, Althausen D, Aoshima F, Arpagaus M, Bauer HS, Bennett L, Blyth A, Brandau C, Champollion C, Crewell S, Dick G, Di Girolamo P, Dorninger M, Dufournet Y, Eigenmann R, Engelmann R, Flamant C, Foken T, Gorgas T, Grzeschik M, Peters G, Handwerker J, Hauck C, Höller H, Junkermann W, Kalthoff N, Kiemle C, Klink S, König M, Krauss L, Long C, Madonna F, Mobbs SD, Neininger B, Pal S, Peters G, Pigeon G, Richard E, Rotach MW, Russchenberg H, Schwitalla T, Smith V, Steinacker R, Trentmann J, Turner DD, van Baelen J, Vogt S, Volkert H, Weckwerth T, Wernli H, Wieser A, Wirth M. 2011. The Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS): the scientific strategy, the field phase, and research highlights. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 137(S1): 3-30, DOI: 10.1002/qj.752.
49. Zumberge JF, Heflin MB, Jefferson DC, Watkins MM, Webb FH. 1997. Precise point positioning for the efficient and robust analysis of GPS data from large networks. J. Geophys. Res. 102B3 5005-5018.
50. Zus F, Grzeschik M, Bauer H-S, Wulfmeyer V 2008 Design and optimization of the IPM GPS slant path 4DVAR system. Meteorol. Z. 17: 867-885.