Stakeholder perspectives on use, trade, and conservation of medicinal plants in the Rasuwa district of central Nepal

Journal of Mountain Science

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 75-86

  Uprety, Yadav ^a,c   Poudel, Ram C ^b   Asselin, Hugo ^c   Boon, Emmanuel K ^a   Shrestha, Krishna K ^d  

^a VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL   (Belgium)

^b KUNMING INSTITUTE OF BOTANY   (China)

^c UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC EN ABITIBI TÉMISCAMINGUE   (Canada)

^d TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY   (Nepal)

Author keywords

Conservation; Himalaya; Income generation; Livelihood improvement; Local people; Medicinal plants; Policy

Indexed keywords

EID: 79951882566     PISSN: 16726316     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11629-011-1035-6     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Banjade MR, Poudel MS (2008) Economic potential of nontimber forest products in Nepal: myth or reality? Journal of Forest and Livelihood 7(1): 36-48.
2. Bista S and Webb EL (2006) Collection and marketing of nontimber forest products in the far western hills of Nepal. Environmental Conservation 33(3): 244-255.
3. Brown K (1992) Medicinal plants, indigenous medicine and conservation of biodiversity in Ghana, CSERGE Working Paper, GEC 92-36. [Retrieved on March 4, 2010 from http://www. uea. ac. uk/env/cserge/pub/wp/gec/gec_1992_36. pdf].
4. Burger D, Mayer C (2003) Making sustainable development a reality: the role of social and ecological standards. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit, Programme Office for Social and Ecological Standards, pp 121.
5. Carvalho AR (2004) Popular use, chemical composition and trade of cerrado's medicinal plants (goias, brazil). Environment, Development and Sustainability 6: 307-316.
6. CBS (2003) Statistical Year Book of Nepal 2003. Kathmandu, Nepal: Central Bureau of Statistics, pp 450.
7. Chaudhary RP (1998) Biodiversity in Nepal: status and conservation. Bangkok, Thailand: Tecpress Books, pp 324.
8. Chaudhary RP (2000) Forest conservation and environmental management in Nepal: a review. Biodiversity and Conservation 9: 1235-1260.
9. Cheng AS and Mattor KM (2006) Why won't they come? stakeholder perspectives on collaborative national forest planning by participation level. Environmental Management 38: 545-561.
10. Cunningham AB (1993) African medicinal plants - setting priorities at the interface between conservation and primary health care. UNESCO, Paris: People and Plants Working Paper 1, pp 50.
11. Dhillion SS, Amundsen C (2000) Bioprospecting and the maintenance of biodiversity. In: Svarstad H. and Dhillion S. S. (Eds.), Responding to Bioprospecting: From Plants in the South to Medicines in North. Oslo: Spartacus Forlag, pp 103-131.
12. Edwards DM (1996a) Non-timber Forest Products from Nepal. Aspects of the trade in medicinal and aromatic plants. FORESC Monographs. Kathmandu, Nepal: Forest Research and Survey Center, pp 134.
13. Edwards DM (1996b) The trade in non-timber forest products from Nepal. Mountain Research and Development 16(4): 383-394.
14. Farnsworth NR, Soejarto DD (1991) Global importance of medicinal plants. In: Akerele, O., Heywood V. and Synge H. (Eds) The conservation of medicinal plants. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp 25-51.
15. Ghimire SK, McKey D, Thomas YA (2005) Conservation of himalayan medicinal plants: harvesting patterns and ecology of two threatened species, Nardostachys grandiflora DC. and Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora (Pennell) Hong. Biological Conservation 124: 463-475.
16. GoN (1993) Forest act 1993. Kathmandu, Nepal: Government of Nepal, Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation.
17. GoN (2004) Herbs and non-timber forest product development policy [in Nepal]. Kathmandu, Nepal: Department of Plant Resources.
18. Grimble R, Chan MK (1995) Stakeholder analysis for natural resource management in developing countries: some practical guidelines for making management more participatory and effective. Natural Resources Forum 19(2): 113-124.
19. Grimble R, Wellard K (1997) Stakeholder methodologies in natural resource management: a review of principles, contexts, experiences, and opportunities. Agricultural Systems 55(2): 173-193.
20. Hamilton A (2004) Medicinal plants, conservation and livelihoods. Biodiversity and Conservation 13: 1477-1517.
21. Hamilton A (Ed.) (2008) Medicinal plants in conservation and development: case studies and lessons learnt. Salisbury, UK: Plantlife International.
22. Huntington HP (2000) Using traditional ecological knowledge in science: methods and applications. Ecological Applications 10(5): 1270-1274.
23. Iwu MM (1993) Handbook of African medicinal plants. London: CRC Press.
24. Karki M (2003) Certification and marketing strategies for sustainable commercialization of medicinal and aromatic plants in south Asia. Paper presented at the IUFRO All Division 5 Conference on Forest Products, March 11-15, 2003, Rotorua, New Zealand, pp 14. [Retrieved on March 4, 2010 from http://www. idrc. ca/en/ev-54812-201-1-DO_TOPIC. html].
25. Kearney AR, Bradley D, Kaplan R, Kaplan S (1999) Stakeholders perspectives on appropriate forest management in the Pacific northwest. Forest Science 45(1): 62-73.
26. Kunwar RM, Duwadee NPS (2003) Ecology and economy of NTFPs in Nepal: A case study from Dolpa and Jumla districts, Nepal. Botanica Orientalis 3: 89-97.
27. Kunwar SC, Ansari AS, Luintel H (2009) Non-timber forest products enterprise development: regulatory challenges and experienced in the Koshi hills of Nepal. Discussion Paper. Kathmandu: Forest Action, pp 15.
28. Larsen HO (2002) Commercial medicinal plants extraction in the hills of Nepal: local management practice and ecological sustainability. Environmental Management 29(1): 88-101.
29. Larsen HO, Smith PD (2004) Stakeholders perspectives on commercial medicinal plants collection in Nepal. Mountain Research and Development 24(2): 141-148.
30. Larsen HO, Olsen CS (2007) Unsustainable collection and unfair trade? uncovering and assessing assumptions regarding central Himalayan medicinal plant conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation 16: 1679-1697.
31. Larsen HO, Olsen CS, Boon TE (2000) The non-timber forest policy process in Nepal: actors, objectives and power. Forest Policy and Economics 1: 267-281.
32. Larsen HO, Smith PD, Olsen CS (2005) Nepal's conservation policy options for commercial medicinal plant harvesting: stakeholders view. Oryx 39(4): 435-441.
33. Lintu L (1995) Marketing non-wood forest products in developing countries. Unasylva 46: 37-41.
34. Martin GJ (1995) Ethnobotany: A methods manual. London: Chapman and Hall.
35. Mbuvi D, Boon E (2009) The livelihood potential of non-wood forest products: the case of mbooni division in Makueni district, Kenya. Environment, Development and Sustainability 11: 989-1004.
36. Olsen CS (1998) The trade in medicinal and aromatic plants from central Nepal to northern India. Economic Botany 52(3): 279-292.
37. Olsen CS (2005) Valuation of commercial central Himalayan medicinal plants. AMBIO 34(8): 607-610.
38. Olsen CS, Helles F (1997) Medicinal plants, markets, and margins in the Nepal Himalaya: trouble in paradise. Mountain Research and Development 17(4): 363-374.
39. Olsen CS, Larsen HO (2003) Alpine medicinal plant trade and Himalayan Mountain livelihood strategies. The Geographical Journal 169(3): 243-254.
40. Samant SS, Butola JS, Sharma A (2007) Assessment of diversity, distribution, conservation status and preparation of management plan for medicinal plants in the catchment area of Parbati Hydroelectric Project Stage - III in Northwestern Himalaya. Journal of Mountain Science 4(1): 34-56.
41. Saxena KG, Rao KS, Sen KK, Maikhuri RK, Semwal RL(2001) Integrated natural resource management: approaches and lessons from the Himalaya. Conservation Ecology 5(2): 14 [Retrieved on Oct. 4, 2007 from http://www. consecol. org/vol5/iss2/art14/].
42. Schippmann U, Cunningham AB, Leaman DJ (2002) Impact of cultivation and gathering of medicinal plants on biodiversity: global trends and issues. In: Biodiversity and the Ecosystem Approach in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Rome: FAO. [Retrieved on Oct. 4, 2007 from http://www. fao. org/DOCREP/005/Y4586E/y4586e08. htm].
43. Shrestha BB, Jha PK (2009) Habitat range of two alpine medicinal plants in a trans-Himalayan dry valley, Central Nepal. Journal of Mountain Science 6: 66-77.
44. Shrestha KK, Tiwari NN, Ghimire SK (2001) MAPDON - medicinal and aromatic plant database of Nepal. In: Proceedings of Nepal-Japan Joint Symposium 2000 on Conservation and Utilization of Himalayan resources, Kathmandu, Nepal. Government of Nepal: Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation, Department of Plant Resources and Japan: Society for the Conservation and Development of Himalayan Medicinal Resources, Japan, pp 53-74.
45. Shrestha N (2007) Assessment of threatened medicinal plants in langtang national park, central Nepal. Master Thesis, Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal, pp 77.
46. Shrestha PM, Dhillion SS (2003) Medicinal plant diversity and use in the highlands of Dolakha district, Nepal. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 86: 81-96.
47. Shrestha TB and Joshi RM (1996) Rare, endemic and endangered plants of Nepal. Kathmandu: WWF, Nepal Program. pp 244.
48. SPSS (2009) Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), Version 17, USA: SPSS Inc.
49. Subedi BP (2001) Policy and regulatory environment for the conservation and utilization of himalayan medicinal resources in Nepal. In: Proceedings of Nepal-Japan Joint Symposium2000 on Conservation and Utilization of Himalayan resources, Kathmandu, Nepal. Government of Nepal: Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation, Department of Plant Resources and Japan: Society for the Conservation and Development of Himalayan Medicinal Resources, Japan, pp 19-26.
50. Tiwari NN, Poudel RC, Uprety Y (2004) Study on Domestic market of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) in Kathmandu Valley. Kathmandu: Winrock International. [Retrieved on March 4, 2010 from http://www. ansab. org/UserFiles/iDomesticMarketNov041. pdf].
51. Uprety Y, Poudel RC (2010) Medicinal plants of Nepal: an analysis of use, trade and conservation in the Rasuwa district. Germany: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, pp 124.
52. Uprety Y, Asselin H, Boon EK, Yadav S, Shrestha KK (2010a) Indigenous uses and bio-efficacy of medicinal plants in the Rasuwa district, central Nepal. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 6: 3 [Retrieved on April 4, 2010 from http://www. ethnobiomed. com/content/pdf/1746-4269-6-3. pdf].
53. Uprety Y, Boon EK, Poudel RC, Shrestha KK, Rajbhandary S, Ahenken A, Tiwari NN (2010b) Non-timber forest products in Bardiya district of nepal: indigenous use, trade and conservation. Journal of Human Ecology 30(3): 143-158.
54. WHO (2002) WHO traditional medicine strategy 2002-2005. Geneva: World Health Organization, pp 74.