Aortic Isthmus and Cardiac Monitoring of the Growth-Restricted Fetus

Clinics in Perinatology

Volumn 38, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 113-125

  Acharya, Ganesh ^a,b   Tronnes, Ashlie ^c   Rasanen, Juha ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TROMSØ   (Norway)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF NORTH NORWAY   (Norway)

^c OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Aortic isthmus doppler; Fetal circulation; Fetal echocardiography; Fetal heart

Indexed keywords

AORTA; AORTA FLOW; AORTA ISTHMUS; BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY; EXPERIMENTAL STUDY; FETAL WELL BEING; FETUS CIRCULATION; FETUS MONITORING; FETUS OUTCOME; HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING; HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION; ISTHMIC FLOW INDEX; LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; NONHUMAN; PERINATAL CARE; PLACENTA CIRCULATION; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULSATILITY INDEX; REPRODUCIBILITY; REVIEW; VASCULAR RESISTANCE;

ANIMALS; AORTA, THORACIC; BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION; FETAL MONITORING; FETUS; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMANS; PLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL;

EID: 79951847412     PISSN: 00955108     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2010.12.006     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Kiserud T., Archarya G. The fetal circulation. Prenat Diagn 2004, 24:1049-1059.
2. Acharya G., Rasanen J., Kiserud T., et al. The fetal cardiac function. Curr Cardiol Rev 2006, 2:41-53.
3. Acharya G. Technical aspects of aortic isthmus Doppler velocimetry in human fetuses. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009, 33:628-633.
4. Fouron J.C. The unrecognized physiological and clinical significance of the fetal aortic isthmus. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2003, 22:441-447.
5. Fouron J.C., Teyssier G., Lessard M.E., et al. Diastolic circulatory dynamics in the presence of elevated placental resistance and retrograde diastolic flow in the umbilical artery: a Doppler echographic study of lambs. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991, 164:195-203.
6. Bonnin P., Fouron J.C., Teyssier G., et al. Quantitative assessment of circulatory changes in the fetal aortic isthmus during progressive increase of resistance to umbilical blood flow. Circulation 1993, 88:216-222.
7. Sonesson S.E., Fouron J.C., Teyssier G., et al. Effects of increased resistance to umbilical blood flow on fetal hemodynamic changes induced by maternal oxygen administration: a Doppler velocimetric study on the sheep. Pediatr Res 1993, 34:796-800.
8. Schmidt K.G., Silverman N.H., Rudolph A.M. Phasic flow events at the aortic isthmus-ductus arteriosus junction and branch pulmonary artery evaluated by multimodal ultrasonography in fetal lambs. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998, 179:1338-1347.
9. Fouron J.C., Skoll A., Sonesson S.E., et al. Relationship between flow through the fetal aortic isthmus and cerebral oxygenation during acute placental circulatory insufficiency in ovine fetuses. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999, 181:1102-1107.
10. Mäkikallio K., Erkinaro T., Niemi N., et al. Fetal oxygenation and Doppler ultrasonography of cardiovascular hemodynamics in a chronic near term sheep model. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006, 194:542-550.
11. Fouron J.C., Zarelli M., Drblink S.P., et al. Flow velocity profile of the fetal aortic isthmus through normal gestation. Am J Cardiol 1994, 74:483-486.
12. Ruskamp J., Fouron J.C., Gosselin J., et al. Reference values for an index of fetal aortic isthmus blood flow during the second half of pregnancy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2003, 21:441-444.
13. Del Río M., Martínez J.M., Figueras F., et al. Reference ranges for Doppler parameters of the fetal aortic isthmus during the second half of pregnancy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2006, 28:71-76.
14. Vimpeli T., Huhtala H., Vilsgaard T., et al. Fetal aortic isthmus blood flow and the fraction of cardiac output distributed to the upper body and brain at 11-20 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009, 33:538-544.
15. Fouron J.C., Teyssier G., Shalaby L., et al. Fetal central blood flow alterations in human fetuses with umbilical artery reverse diastolic flow. Am J Perinatol 1993, 10:197-207.
16. Patton D.J., Fouron J.C. Cerebral arteriovenous malformation: prenatal and postnatal cerebral flow dynamics. Pediatr Cardiol 1995, 16:141-144.
17. Sonesson S.E., Fouron J.C. Doppler velocimetry of the aortic isthmus in human fetuses with abnormal velocity waveforms in the umbilical artery. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1997, 10:107-111.
18. Brantberg A., Sonesson S.E. Central arterial hemodynamics in small-for-gestational-age fetuses before and during maternal hyperoxygenation: a Doppler velocimetric study with particular attention to the aortic isthmus. Obstet Gynecol 1999, 14:237-243.
19. Mäkikallio K., Jouppila P., Räsänen J. Retrograde net blood flow in the aortic isthmus in relation to human fetal arterial and venous circulations. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2002, 19:147-152.
20. Mäkikallio K., Jouppila P., Räsänen J. Retrograde aortic isthmus net blood flow and human fetal cardiac function in placental insufficiency. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2003, 22:351-357.
21. Rizzo G., Capponi A., Vendola M., et al. Relationship between aortic isthmus and ductus venosus velocity waveforms in severe growth restricted fetuses. Prenat Diagn 2008, 28:1042-1047.
22. Del Río M., Martínez J.M., Figueras F., et al. Doppler assessment of the aortic isthmus and perinatal outcome in preterm fetuses with severe intrauterine growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2008, 31:41-47.
23. Figueras F., Benavides A., Del Río M., et al. Monitoring of fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction: longitudinal changes in ductus venosus and aortic isthmus flow. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009, 33:39-43.
24. Fouron J.C., Gosselin J., Raboisson M.J., et al. The relationship between an aortic isthmus blood flow velocity index and the postnatal neurodevelopmental status of fetuses with placental circulatory insufficiency. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005, 192:497-503.
25. Angelini A., Allan L.D., Anderson R.H., et al. Measurements of the dimensions of the aortic and pulmonary pathways in the human fetus: a correlative echocardiographic and morphometric study. Br Heart J 1988, 60:221-226.
26. Hornberger L.K., Weintraub R.G., Pesonen E., et al. Echocardiographic study of the morphology and growth of the aortic arch in the human fetus. Observations related to the prenatal diagnosis of coarctation. Circulation 1992, 86:741-747.
27. Castillo E.H., Arteaga-Martínez M., García-Peláez I., et al. Morphometric study of the human fetal heart. I. Arterial segment. Clin Anat 2005, 18:260-268.
28. Hyett J., Moscoso G., Nicolaides K. Morphometric analysis of the great vessels in early fetal life. Hum Reprod 1995, 10:3045-3048.
29. Achiron R., Zimand S., Hegesh J., et al. Fetal aortic arch measurements between 14 and 38 weeks' gestation: in-utero ultrasonographic study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000, 15:226-230.
30. Nomiyama M., Ueda Y., Toyota Y., et al. Fetal aortic isthmus growth and morphology in late gestation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2002, 19:153-157.
31. Rasanen J., Wood D.C., Weiner S., et al. Role of the pulmonary circulation in the distribution of human fetal cardiac output during the second half of pregnancy. Circulation 1996, 94:1068-1073.
32. Mielke G., Benda N. Cardiac output and central distribution of blood flow in the human fetus. Circulation 2001, 103:1662-1668.
33. Rudolph A.M., Heymann M.A. The circulation of the fetus in utero. Methods for studying distribution of blood flow, cardiac output and organ blood flow. Circ Res 1967, 21:163-184.
34. Kenny J.F., Plappert T., Doubilet P., et al. Changes in intracardiac blood flow velocities and right and left ventricular stroke volumes with gestational age in the normal human fetus: a prospective Doppler echocardiographic study. Circulation 1986, 74:1208-1216.
35. Kiserud T., Ebbing C., Kessler J., et al. Fetal cardiac output, distribution to the placenta and impact of placental compromise. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2006, 28:126-136.
36. Kilavuz O., Vetter K., Kiserud T., et al. The left portal vein is the watershed of the fetal venous system. J Perinat Med 2003, 31:184-187.
37. Del Río M., Martínez J.M., Figueras F., et al. Doppler assessment of fetal aortic isthmus blood flow in two different sonographic planes during the second half of gestation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2005, 26:170-174.
38. Fouron J.C., Gosselin J., Amiel-Tison C., et al. Correlation between prenatal velocity waveforms in the aortic isthmus and neurodevelopmental outcome between the ages of 2 and 4 years. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001, 184:630-636.
39. De Muylder X., Fouron J.C., Bard H., et al. The difference between the systolic time intervals of the left and right ventricles during fetal life. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1984, 149:737-740.
40. Rizzo G., Capponi A., Vendola M., et al. Use of the 3-vesel view to record Doppler velocity waveforms from the aortic isthmus in normally grown and growth-restricted fetuses: comparison with the long aortic arch view. J Ultrasound Med 2008, 27:1617-1622.
41. Fouron J.C., Siles A., Montanari L., et al. Feasibility and reliability of Doppler flow recordings in the fetal aortic isthmus: a multicenter evaluation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009, 33:690-693.
42. Hernandez-Andrade E., Crispi F., Benavides-Serralde A., et al. Contribution of the myocardial performance index and aortic isthmus blood flow index to predicting mortality in preterm growth-restricted fetuses. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009, 34:430-436.