-
1
-
-
0000075123
-
Hand washing and hand disinfection
-
(Mayhall, C. G. ed.), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
-
Rotter, M. L. Hand washing and hand disinfection. Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control 2nd edition (Mayhall, C. G. ed.), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. 1339-1355 (1999).
-
(1999)
Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control 2nd Edition
, pp. 1339-1355
-
-
Rotter, M.L.1
-
2
-
-
0032838337
-
A close look at alcohol gel as an antimicrobial sanitizing agent
-
Paulson, D. S., Fendler, E. J., Dolan, M. J. & Williams, R. A. A close look at alcohol gel as an antimicrobial sanitizing agent. Am J Infect Control 27:332-338 (1999).
-
(1999)
Am J Infect Control
, vol.27
, pp. 332-338
-
-
Paulson, D.S.1
Fendler, E.J.2
Dolan, M.J.3
Williams, R.A.4
-
3
-
-
0032827788
-
Alcohol and the skin
-
Wolf, R. Alcohol and the skin. Clin Dermatol 17:351-352 (1999).
-
(1999)
Clin Dermatol
, vol.17
, pp. 351-352
-
-
Wolf, R.1
-
4
-
-
0035080456
-
Fate of ethanol topically applied to skin
-
Pendlington, R. U., Whittle, E., Robinson, J. A. & Howes, D. Fate of ethanol topically applied to skin. Food Chem Toxicol 39:169-174 (2001).
-
(2001)
Food Chem Toxicol
, vol.39
, pp. 169-174
-
-
Pendlington, R.U.1
Whittle, E.2
Robinson, J.A.3
Howes, D.4
-
5
-
-
36448934831
-
Quantity of ethanol absorption after excessive hand disinfection using three commercially available hand rubs is minimal and below toxic levels for humans
-
Kramer, A. et al. Quantity of ethanol absorption after excessive hand disinfection using three commercially available hand rubs is minimal and below toxic levels for humans. BMC Infect Dis 7:117 (2007).
-
(2007)
BMC Infect Dis
, vol.7
, pp. 117
-
-
Kramer, A.1
-
6
-
-
34250634991
-
The alcohol hand rub: A good soap substitute?
-
Johnston, G. A. & English, J. S. The alcohol hand rub: a good soap substitute? Br J Dermatol 157:1-3 (2007).
-
(2007)
Br J Dermatol
, vol.157
, pp. 1-3
-
-
Johnston, G.A.1
English, J.S.2
-
7
-
-
0026685856
-
New approaches to the assessment of eye and skin irritation
-
Calvin, G. New approaches to the assessment of eye and skin irritation. Toxicol Lett 64-65:157-164 (1992).
-
(1992)
Toxicol Lett
, vol.64-65
, pp. 157-164
-
-
Calvin, G.1
-
8
-
-
38349175746
-
Alternative methods for eye and skin irritation tests: An overview
-
Vinardell, M. P. & Mitjans, M. Alternative methods for eye and skin irritation tests: an overview. J Pharm Sci 97:45-59 (2008).
-
(2008)
J Pharm Sci
, vol.97
, pp. 45-59
-
-
Vinardell, M.P.1
Mitjans, M.2
-
9
-
-
29944434948
-
The toxicities of compounds related to 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL) with a note on their relative therapeutic efficiency
-
Fitzhugh, O. G., Woodard, G. & Braun, H. A. The toxicities of compounds related to 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL) with a note on their relative therapeutic efficiency. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 87:23-27 (1946).
-
(1946)
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
, vol.87
, pp. 23-27
-
-
Fitzhugh, O.G.1
Woodard, G.2
Braun, H.A.3
-
10
-
-
0025129824
-
Terminal epidermal differentiation of human keratinocytes grown in chemically defined medium on inert filter substrates at the air-liquid interface
-
Rosdy, M. & Clauss, L. C. Terminal epidermal differentiation of human keratinocytes grown in chemically defined medium on inert filter substrates at the air-liquid interface. J Invest Dermatol 95:409-414 (1990).
-
(1990)
J Invest Dermatol
, vol.95
, pp. 409-414
-
-
Rosdy, M.1
Clauss, L.C.2
-
11
-
-
0030996899
-
A summary of the COPILA international validation study on alternatives to the Draize Rabbit Eye irritation test
-
Brantom, P. G. et al. A summary of the COPILA international validation study on alternatives to the Draize Rabbit Eye irritation test. Toxicol In Vitro 11:141-179 (1997).
-
(1997)
Toxicol in Vitro
, vol.11
, pp. 141-179
-
-
Brantom, P.G.1
-
12
-
-
0013244548
-
OECD Harmonised Integrated Hazard Classification System for Human Health and Environmental Hazards of Chemical Substances and Mixtures
-
ENV/JM/MONO(2001)6; Paris, France
-
OECD Harmonised Integrated Hazard Classification System for Human Health and Environmental Hazards of Chemical Substances and Mixtures. OECD Series on Testing and Assessment, Number 33, ENV/JM/MONO(2001)6; Paris, France (2001).
-
(2001)
OECD Series on Testing and Assessment
, Issue.33
-
-
-
13
-
-
5644278740
-
Epidemiologic background of hand hygiene and evaluation of the most important agents for scrubs and rubs
-
Kampf, G. & Kramer, A. Epidemiologic background of hand hygiene and evaluation of the most important agents for scrubs and rubs. Clin Microbiol Rev 17:863-893 (2004).
-
(2004)
Clin Microbiol Rev
, vol.17
, pp. 863-893
-
-
Kampf, G.1
Kramer, A.2
-
14
-
-
34250673500
-
How irritant is alcohol?
-
Loffler, H., Kampf, G., Schmermund, D. & Maibach, H. I. How irritant is alcohol? Br J Dermatol 157:74-81 (2007).
-
(2007)
Br J Dermatol
, vol.157
, pp. 74-81
-
-
Loffler, H.1
Kampf, G.2
Schmermund, D.3
Maibach, H.I.4
-
15
-
-
57349130568
-
Safety evaluation of topical applications of ethanol on the skin and inside the oral cavity
-
Lachenmeier, D. W. Safety evaluation of topical applications of ethanol on the skin and inside the oral cavity. J Occup Med Toxicol 3:26 (2008).
-
(2008)
J Occup Med Toxicol
, vol.3
, pp. 26
-
-
Lachenmeier, D.W.1
-
16
-
-
79951705336
-
The investigation of the rabbit and human skin irritation of herbal anti-wrinkle cream
-
Kamkaen, N. et al. The investigation of the rabbit and human skin irritation of herbal anti-wrinkle cream. Thai Pharm Health Sci J 2:20-25 (2007).
-
(2007)
Thai Pharm Health Sci J
, vol.2
, pp. 20-25
-
-
Kamkaen, N.1
-
17
-
-
0031875565
-
A critical review of the assessment of eye irritation potential using the Draize rabbit eye test
-
York, M. & Steiling, W. A critical review of the assessment of eye irritation potential using the Draize rabbit eye test. J Appl Toxicol 18:233-240 (1998).
-
(1998)
J Appl Toxicol
, vol.18
, pp. 233-240
-
-
York, M.1
Steiling, W.2
-
18
-
-
78650521308
-
A new 3D reconstituted human corneal epithelium model as an alternative method for the eye irritation test
-
in Press doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2010.10.019
-
Jung, K. M. et al. A new 3D reconstituted human corneal epithelium model as an alternative method for the eye irritation test. Toxicol In Vitro (in Press) doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2010.10.019 (2010).
-
(2010)
Toxicol in Vitro
-
-
Jung, K.M.1
-
19
-
-
76749147859
-
In vitro assessment of eye irritancy using the reconstructed human corneal epithelial Skin-Ethic HCE model: Application to 435 substances from consumer products industry
-
Cotovio, J. et al. In vitro assessment of eye irritancy using the reconstructed human corneal epithelial Skin-Ethic HCE model: application to 435 substances from consumer products industry. Toxicol In Vitro 24:523-537 (2010).
-
(2010)
Toxicol in Vitro
, vol.24
, pp. 523-537
-
-
Cotovio, J.1
-
20
-
-
72149114607
-
A catch-up validation study on reconstructed human epidermis (SkinEthic RHE) for full replacement of the Draize skin irritation test
-
Alépée, N. et al. A catch-up validation study on reconstructed human epidermis (SkinEthic RHE) for full replacement of the Draize skin irritation test. Toxicol In Vitro 24:257-266 (2010).
-
(2010)
Toxicol in Vitro
, vol.24
, pp. 257-266
-
-
Alépée, N.1
-
21
-
-
8744282455
-
A scientific and animal welfare assessment of the OECD health effects test guidelines for the safety testing of chemicals under the European Union REACH system
-
Combes, R. D., Guant, I. & Balls, M. A scientific and animal welfare assessment of the OECD health effects test guidelines for the safety testing of chemicals under the European Union REACH system. Altern Lab Anim 32:163-208 (2004).
-
(2004)
Altern Lab Anim
, vol.32
, pp. 163-208
-
-
Combes, R.D.1
Guant, I.2
Balls, M.3
-
22
-
-
0021061819
-
Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays
-
Mosman, T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods 65:55-63 (1983).
-
(1983)
J Immunol Methods
, vol.65
, pp. 55-63
-
-
Mosman, T.1
-
23
-
-
0030175406
-
Endogenous interleukin-1 alpha associated with skin irritation induced by tributyltin
-
Corsini, E., Bruccoleri, A., Marinovich, M. & Galli, C. L. Endogenous interleukin-1 alpha associated with skin irritation induced by tributyltin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 138:268-274 (1996).
-
(1996)
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
, vol.138
, pp. 268-274
-
-
Corsini, E.1
Bruccoleri, A.2
Marinovich, M.3
Galli, C.L.4
-
24
-
-
38649123305
-
The ECVAM international validation study on in vitro tests for acute skin irritation: Report on the validity of the EPISKIN and EpiDerm assays and on the skin integrity function test
-
Spielmann, H. et al. The ECVAM international validation study on in vitro tests for acute skin irritation: report on the validity of the EPISKIN and EpiDerm assays and on the skin integrity function test. Altern Lab Anim 35:559-601 (2007).
-
(2007)
Altern Lab Anim
, vol.35
, pp. 559-601
-
-
Spielmann, H.1
-
25
-
-
0001893556
-
European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods Local toxicity: Acute dermal and ocular effects
-
Alternative (non animal) methods for chemical testing: current status and future prospects (Worth, A. P., Balls, M., eds.).
-
European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods Local toxicity: acute dermal and ocular effects. In Alternative (non animal) methods for chemical testing: current status and future prospects (Worth, A. P., Balls, M., eds.). Altern Lab Anim 30:35-47 (2002).
-
(2002)
Altern Lab Anim
, vol.30
, pp. 35-47
-
-
-
26
-
-
0029049312
-
Modern biostatistical methods for assessing in vitro/in vivo correlation of severely eye irritating chemicals in a validation study of in vitro alternatives to the Draize eye test
-
Spielmann, H. et al. Modern biostatistical methods for assessing in vitro/in vivo correlation of severely eye irritating chemicals in a validation study of in vitro alternatives to the Draize eye test. Toxicol In Vitro 9:549-556 (1995).
-
(1995)
Toxicol in Vitro
, vol.9
, pp. 549-556
-
-
Spielmann, H.1
-
27
-
-
0014348011
-
Development of 3T3-like lines from Balb-c mouse embryo cultures: Transformation susceptibility to SV40
-
Aaronson, S. A. & Todaro, G. J. Development of 3T3-like lines from Balb-c mouse embryo cultures: transformation susceptibility to SV40. J Cell Physiol 72:141-148 (1968).
-
(1968)
J Cell Physiol
, vol.72
, pp. 141-148
-
-
Aaronson, S.A.1
Todaro, G.J.2
-
29
-
-
79951700637
-
The validation of alternative methods of reconstructed human skin equivalents for the assessment of skin irritation
-
Jung, K.-M. et al. The validation of alternative methods of reconstructed human skin equivalents for the assessment of skin irritation. J Altern Animal Exp 2:31-38 (2008).
-
(2008)
J Altern Animal Exp
, vol.2
, pp. 31-38
-
-
Jung, K.-M.1
-
31
-
-
79951720103
-
Establishment of the neutral red uptake assay as alternatives to the Draize test and its validation
-
Lee, H.-K. et al. Establishment of the neutral red uptake assay as alternatives to the Draize test and its validation. J Altern Animal Exp 2:5-9 (2008).
-
(2008)
J Altern Animal Exp
, vol.2
, pp. 5-9
-
-
Lee, H.-K.1
-
32
-
-
77957242198
-
Preliminary study on neutral uptake assay as an alternative method for eye irritation test
-
Yang, X. et al. Preliminary study on neutral uptake assay as an alternative method for eye irritation test. AATEX 14:509-514 (2007).
-
(2007)
AATEX
, vol.14
, pp. 509-514
-
-
Yang, X.1
-
33
-
-
0033035918
-
Performance of the neutral red uptake assay in the COLIPA international validation study on alternatives to the rabbit eye irritation test
-
Jones, P. A., Bracher, M., Marenus, K. & Kojima, H. Performance of the neutral red uptake assay in the COLIPA international validation study on alternatives to the rabbit eye irritation test. Toxicol In Vitro 13:325-333 (1999).
-
(1999)
Toxicol in Vitro
, vol.13
, pp. 325-333
-
-
Jones, P.A.1
Bracher, M.2
Marenus, K.3
Kojima, H.4
-
34
-
-
0000021897
-
Methods for the study of irritation and toxicity of substances applied topically to the skin and mucous membranes
-
Draize, J. H., Woodard, G. & Calvery, H. O. Methods for the study of irritation and toxicity of substances applied topically to the skin and mucous membranes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 82:377-390 (1944).
-
(1944)
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
, vol.82
, pp. 377-390
-
-
Draize, J.H.1
Woodard, G.2
Calvery, H.O.3
|