Tick-borne illnesses: A CME update

Pediatric Emergency Care

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 141-147

  Graham, Jennifer ^a   Stockley, Katrina ^a   Goldman, Ran D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

emergency room; infectious diseases; parasites; Tick

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; AZITHROMYCIN PLUS ATOVAQUONE; CEFOTAXIME; CEFTRIAXONE; CHLORAMPHENICOL; CLINDAMYCIN PLUS QUININE; DOXYCYCLINE; GENTAMICIN; PENICILLIN G; STREPTOMYCIN; TETRACYCLINE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

BABESIOSIS; CLINICAL FEATURE; COLORADO TICK FEVER; CRANIAL NERVE PARALYSIS; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; EHRLICHIOSIS; ERYTHEMA; HUMAN; LABORATORY TEST; LYME DISEASE; MENINGITIS; MORBIDITY; RADICULOPATHY; REVIEW; ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; TICK BITE; TICK BORNE DISEASE; TULAREMIA;

ANIMALS; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; BABESIOSIS; BITES AND STINGS; BRITISH COLUMBIA; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; EDUCATION, MEDICAL, CONTINUING; EHRLICHIOSIS; EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; LYME DISEASE; MALE; PEDIATRICS; PROGNOSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; TICK-BORNE DISEASES; TICKS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TULAREMIA;

EID: 79951648439     PISSN: 07495161     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e318209f0b3     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. Buckingham SC, Marshall GS, Schutze GE, et al. Clinical and laboratory features, hospital course, and outcome of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in children. J Pediatr. 2007;150:180-184.
2. Buckingham SC. Tick-borne infections in children: epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and optimal management strategies. Pediatr Drugs. 2005;7(3):163-176. (Pubitemid 41024879)
3. Storch GA. New developments in tick-borne infections. Pediatr Ann. 2002;31(3):200-204. (Pubitemid 34224734)
4. Mollen CJ, Bell LM. Tick-borne illnesses in the United States. Pediatr Case Rev. 2002;2(1):14-25.
5. Halperin JJ. Lyme disease and the peripheral nervous system. Muscle Nerve. 2003;28:133-143. (Pubitemid 36927795)
6. Eppes SC, Klein JD, Caputo GM, et al. Physician beliefs, attitudes, and approaches toward Lyme disease in an endemic area. Clin Pediatr. 1994;33:130-134. (Pubitemid 24110673)
7. Bacon RM, Kugeler KJ, Mead PS. Surveillance for Lyme disease V United States, 1992-2006. MMWR Surveil Summ. 2008;57:1-9.
8. Ogden NH, Lindsay LR, Morshed M, et al. The emergence of Lyme disease in Canada. CMAJ. 2009;180(12):1221-1224.
9. Wormser GP, Dattwyler RJ, Shapiro ED, et al. The clinical assessment, treatment, and prevention of Lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43:1089-1134. (Pubitemid 44637131)
10. American Academy of Pediatrics. Lyme disease. In: Pickering LK, Baker CJ, Long SS, et al, eds. Red Book: 2006 Report of Committee on Infectious Diseases. 27th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: AAP; 2006:428-433.
11. Bachman DT, Srivastava G. Emergency department presentations of Lyme disease in children. Pediatr Emerg Care. 1998;14(5):356-361. (Pubitemid 28498716)
12. Buckingham SC. Rocky Mountain spotted fever: a review for the pediatrician. Pediatr Ann. 2002;31(3):163-168. (Pubitemid 34224729)
13. Treadwell TA, Holman RC, Clarke MJ, et al. Rocky Mountain spotted fever in the United States, 1993-1996. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2000;63(1):21-26. (Pubitemid 32423090)
14. Bradford WD, Hawkins HK. Rocky Mountain spotted fever in childhood. Am J Dis Child. 1977;131:1228-1232.
15. American Academy of Pediatrics. Rocky Mountain spotted fever. In: Pickering LK, Baker CJ, Long SS, et al, eds. Red Book: 2006 Report of Committee on Infectious Diseases. 27th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: AAP; 2006:570-572.
16. Helmick CG, Bernard KW, D'Angelo LJ. Rocky Mountain spotted fever: clinical, laboratory, and epidemiological features of 262 cases. J Infect Dis. 1984;150:480-488. (Pubitemid 14013966)
17. American Academy of Pediatrics. Ehrlichia and anaplasma infections. In: Pickering LK, Baker CJ, Long SS, McMillan JA, eds. Red Book: 2006 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 27th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2006:281-284.
18. Jacobs RF, Schutze GE. Ehrlichiosis in children. J Pediatr. 1997;131(2):184-192. (Pubitemid 27495235)
19. American Academy of Pediatrics. Tularemia. In: Pickering LK, Baker CJ, Long SS, McMillan JA, eds. Red Book: 2006 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 27th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2006:704-706.
20. Parola P, Raoult D. Ticks and tick-borne bacterial diseases in humans: an emerging infectious threat. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32:897-928. (Pubitemid 32524824)
21. Spach DH, Liles WC, Campbell GL, et al. Medical progress: tick-borne diseases in the United States. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:936-947. (Pubitemid 23275277)
22. Greenstein P. Tick paralysis. Med Clin North Am. 2002;86(2):441-446. (Pubitemid 34327097)
23. Ogden NH, Phil D, Lindsay LR, et al. The emergence of Lyme disease in Canada. CMAJ. 2009;180(12):1221-1224.
24. Warshafsky S, Nowakowski J, Nadelman RB, et al. Efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of Lyme disease. J Gen Intern Med. 1996;11:329-333. (Pubitemid 26230754)
25. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Summary of notifiable diseases-United States, 2007. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007;56(53):22-36.
26. Hildenbrand P, Craven DE, Jones R, et al. Lyme neuroborreliosis: manifestations of a rapidly emerging zoonosis. Am J Neuroradiol. 2009;30:1079-1087.
27. Gerber MA, Shapiro ED, Burke GS, et al. Lyme disease in children in Southeastern Connecticut. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:1270-1274. (Pubitemid 26349268)
28. Hengge UR, Tannapfel A, Tyring SK, et al. Lyme borreliosis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2003;3:489-500. (Pubitemid 36919095)
29. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Case definitions for infectious conditions under public health surveillance: Lyme disease (revised 9/96). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1997;46(10):1-51.
30. Feder HM. Lyme disease in children. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2008;22(2):315-326.
31. Skogman BH, Croner S, Nordwall M, et al. Lyme neuroborreliosis in children: a prospective study of clinical features, prognosis, and outcome. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008;27(12):1089-1094.
32. Gerber MA, Zemel LS, Shapiro ED. Lyme arthritis in children: clinical epidemiology and long-term outcomes. Pediatrics. 1998;102:905-908. (Pubitemid 28462532)
33. Petersen LR, Sweeney AH, Checko PJ, et al. Epidemiological and clinical features of 1, 149 persons with Lyme disease identified by laboratory-based surveillance in Connecticut. Yale J Biol Med. 1989;62:253-262. (Pubitemid 19262220)
34. Thompson A, Mannix R, Bachur R. Acute pediatric monoarticular arthritis: distinguishing Lyme arthritis from other etiologies. Pediatrics. 2009;123(3):959-965.
35. Riegels-Nielsen P, Frimodt-Moller N, Jensen JS. Rabbit model of septic arthritis. Acta Orthop Scand. 1987;58:14-19. (Pubitemid 17098261)
36. Klempner MS, Hu LT, Evans J, et al. Two controlled trials of antibiotic treatment in patients with persistent symptoms and a history of Lyme disease. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(2):85-92. (Pubitemid 32634566)
37. Seltzer EG, Gerber MA, Cartter ML, et al. Long-term outcomes of persons with Lyme disease. JAMA. 2000;283:609-616. (Pubitemid 30069176)
38. Tugwell P, Dennis DT, Weinstein A, et al. Laboratory evaluation in the diagnosis of Lyme disease. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127(12):1109-1123. (Pubitemid 28012083)
39. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Lyme disease diagnosis. CDC Division on vector-borne infectious diseases. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ ncidod/dvbid/lyme/ld-humandisease-diagnosis.htm. Accessed April 28, 2010.
40. Public Health Agency of Canada. Lyme disease fact sheet. Public Health Agency of Canada infectious diseases. Available at: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ id-mi/lyme-fs-eng.php. Accessed April 28, 2010.
41. Pachner AR. Borrelia burgdorferi in the nervous system: the new "great imitator." Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1988;539:56-64.
42. Nadelman RB, Luger SW, Frank E, et al. Comparison of cefuroxime axetil and doxycycline in the treatment of early Lyme disease. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117:273-280.
43. Harrell GT. Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Medicine. 1949;28:333-370.
44. Kirkland KB, Wilkinson WE, Sexton DJ. Therapeutic delay and mortality in cases of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Clin Infect Dis. 1995;20:1118-1121.
45. Kostman JR. Laboratory diagnosis of rickettsial diseases. Clin Dermatol. 1996;14:301-306. (Pubitemid 126352891)
46. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Human ehrlichiosis V Mary land, 1994. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1996;45:798-802.
47. Klasco R. Colorado tick fever. Med Clin North Am. 2002;86(2):435-440. (Pubitemid 34327096)
48. Lantos PM, Krause PJ. Babesiosis: similar to malaria but different. Pediatr Ann. 2002;31:192-197. (Pubitemid 34224733)
49. Haynes RE, Sanders DY, Cramblett HG. Rocky Mountain spotted fever in children. J Pediatr. 1970;76:685-693.
50. Grossman ER, Walchek A, Freedman H, et al. Tetracyclines and permanent teeth: the relation between dose and tooth color. Pediatrics. 1971;47:567-570.
51. Dalton MJ, Clarke MJ, Holman RC, et al. National surveillance for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 1981-1992: epidemiologic summary and evaluation of risk factors for fatal outcome. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1995;52:405-413.
52. Holman, RC, Paddock CD, Curns AT, et al. Analysis of risk factors for fatal Rocky Mountain spotted fever: evidence for superiority of tetracyclines for therapy. J Infect Dis. 2001;184:1437-1444. (Pubitemid 33108858)
53. Strickland GT, Olson JG. Ehrlichiosis. In: Strickland GT, ed. Hunter's Tropical Medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 2000:438-441.
54. Fishbein DB, Dawson JE, Robinson LE. Human ehrlichiosis in the United States, 1985-1990. Ann Intern Med. 1994;120:736-743. (Pubitemid 24125293)
55. Taylor JP, Istre GR, McChesney TC, et al. Epidemiologic characteristics of human tularemia in the southwest-central states, 1981-1987. Am J Epidemiol. 1991;133:1032-1038.
56. Enderlin G, Morales L, Jacobs RF, et al. Streptomycin and alternative agents for the treatment of tularemia: Review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis. 1994;19:42-47. (Pubitemid 24227033)
57. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tick paralysis-Washington, 1995. JAMA. 1996;275:1470.
58. Diaz JH. A 60-year meta-analysis of tick paralysis in the United States: a predictable, preventable, and often misdiagnosed poisoning. J Med Toxicol (Online) [DOI: 10.1007/s13181-010-0028-3]. February 26, 2010.
59. Filbin MR, Mylonakis EE, Callegari L, et al. Babesiosis. J Emerg Med. 2001;20:21-24. (Pubitemid 32112043)
60. Meldrum SC, Birkhead GS, White DJ, et al. Human babesiosis in New York state: an epidemiological description of 136 cases. Clin Infect Dis. 1992;15:1019-1023.
61. Krause PJ, Telford SR, Spielman A, et al. Concurrent Lyme disease and babesiosis: evidence for increased severity and duration of illness. JAMA. 1996;275:1657-1660. (Pubitemid 26175813)
62. Krause PJ, Lepore T, Sikand VJ, et al. Atovaquone and azithromycin for the treatment of human babesiosis. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:1454-1458.