The patient with haematemesis and melaena

Acute Medicine

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 45-49

  Kent, A J ^a   O'Beirne, J ^b   Negus, Rupert ^b  

^a JOHN RADCLIFFE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMLODIPINE; IBUPROFEN; SIMVASTATIN;

ADULT; CASE REPORT; DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; DYSPNEA; EMERGENCY WARD; FECES; HEMATEMESIS; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; MALE; MELENA; PAIN; REVIEW; VOMITING;

AGE FACTORS; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; GREAT BRITAIN; HEMATEMESIS; HUMANS; MALE; MELENA; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 79951627698     PISSN: 17474884     EISSN: 17474892     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. Palmer KR. Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage: guidelines Gut 2002; 51(suppl IV): iv1-iv6.
2. Rockall TA, Logan RFA, Devlin HB, Northfield TC. Incidence of and mortality from acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage in the United Kingdom. BMJ 1995; 311: 222-226.
3. UK comparative audit of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and the use of blood. December 2007.
4. Higham J, Kang J-Y, Majeed A. Recent trends in admissions and mortality due to peptic ulcer in England: increasing frequency of haemorrhage among older subjects. Gut 2002; 50: 460-464. (Pubitemid 34638861)
5. Mendall MA and Northfield TC. Transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection. Gut 1995; 37: 1-3.
6. Ng FH, Wong SY, Chang CM, Chen WH, et al. High incidence of clopidogrel-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with previous peptic ulcer disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 18(4): 443-9. (Pubitemid 37070243)
7. Resuscitation Guidelines 2010 at http://www.resus.org.uk/pages/guide.htm.
8. American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma: Advanced Trauma Life Support Course Manual. Chicago, Ill: American College of Surgeons; 1997.
9. Gutierrez G, Reines HD, Wulf-Gutierrez ME. Clinical review: haemorrhagic shock. Critical Care 2004; 8: 373-381.
10. Bickell W, Wall M, Jr., Pepe P, Russell Martin R, Ginger V, Allen M, and Mattox K. Immediate versus delayed f luid resuscitation for hypotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 1105-1109. (Pubitemid 24321214)
11. Levacher S, Blaise M, Pourriat J-L, Letoumelin P, Lapandry C and Pateron D. Early administration of terlipressin plus glyceryl trinitrate to control active upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patient. Lancet 1995; 346(8979): 865-868.
12. Hou M-C, Lin H-C, Liu T-T, Kuo Be I-T, et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis after endoscopic therapy prevents rebleeding in acute variceal hemorrhage: A randomized trial. Hepatology 2004; 39(3): 746-753. (Pubitemid 38337654)
13. Rockall TA, Logan RFA, Devlin HB, et al. Risk assessment following acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Gut 1996; 38: 316-21. (Pubitemid 26074312)
14. Blatchford O, Murray WR, Blatchford M. A risk score to predict need for treatment for upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Lancet 356; 3: 1318-1321.
15. Romagnuolo J, Barkan AN, Enns R, et al. Simple clinical predictors may obviate urgent endoscopy in selected patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167(3): 265-270.
16. Sanders DS, Carter MJ, Goodchap RJ, et al. Prospective validation of the Rockall risk scoring system for upper GI hemorrhage in subgroups of patients with varices and peptic ulcers. Am J Gastroenterol 97: 630-635.
17. Park DK, Um SH, Lee JW, Lee JB, et al. Clinical significance of variceal hemorrhage in recent years in patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices. J Gastro Hep 2004; 19: 1042-1051.
18. Jalan R, Hayes PC. UK guidelines on the management of variceal haemorrhage in cirrhotic patients. Gut 2000; 46(Suppl 3): iii1-iii15.
19. Burroughs AK, Triantos CK, O'Beirne J et al. Predictors of early rebleeding and mortality after acute variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2009; 6: 72-73.
20. Marmo R, Rotondano G, Piscopo R , Bianco MA, D'Angella R and Cipolletta L. Dual Therapy Versus Monotherapy in the Endoscopic Treatment of High-Risk Bleeding Ulcers: A Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials. Am J Gastroenterol 102: 279-289.
21. Lau JYW, Sung JJY, Lee KKC Yung M-y, et al. Effect of intravenous omeprazole on recurrent bleeding after endoscopic treatment of bleeding peptic ulcers. N Eng J Med 2000; 343: 310-316. (Pubitemid 30616696)
22. Leontiadis GI, Sreedharan A, Dorward S et al. Systematic review of the clinical effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Health Technol Assess 2007; 11: 51.
23. Lau JY, Leung WK, Wu JCY, Chan FKL, et al, and Sung JJY. Omeprazole before endoscopy in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. N Engl J Med 2007; 356: 1631-164.
24. Ioannou GN, Doust J, Rockey DC. Terlipressin for acute esophageal variceal hemorrhage. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2003, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD002147. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD002147.
25. Garcia-Tsao G and Bosch J. Management of varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 2010; 362: 823-832.
26. Chey WD, Wong BCY, Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. American College of Gastroenterology guideline on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. Am J Gastroenterol 2007; 102: 1808-25. (Pubitemid 47206706)
27. Chiu PWY, Lam CYW, Lee SW, et al. Effect of scheduled second therapeutic endoscopy on peptic ulcer rebleeding: a prospective randomised trial Gut 2003; 52: 1403-1407. (Pubitemid 37176717)
28. Lau JYW, Sung JJY, Lam Y-H, Chan ACW, et al. Endoscopic retreatment compared with surgery in patients with recurrent bleeding after initial endoscopic control of bleeding ulcers. N Eng J Med 1999; 340: 751-756. (Pubitemid 29114293)
29. Kate V, Ananthakrishnan N and Badrinath S. Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the ulcer recurrence rate after simple closure of perforated duodenal ulcer: retrospective and prospective randomized controlled studies. Br J Surg 2001; 88: 10541058.
30. Burris JM, Lin PH, Johnston WF, et al. Emergent embolization of the gastroduodenal artery in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The experience from a surgeon-initiated interventional program. Am J Surgery 2009; 198(1): 59-63.