Evaluating bias from birth-cohort effects in the age-based Cox proportional hazards model

Epidemiology

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 249-256

  Hein, Misty J ^a   Schubauer Berigan, Mary K ^a   Deddens, James A ^a,b  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BIRTH; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DENSITY; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LATENT PERIOD; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; BIAS (EPIDEMIOLOGY); CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; COHORT STUDIES; EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH DESIGN; HUMANS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS;

EID: 79951577310     PISSN: 10443983     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3182093912     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Liddell FD, McDonald JC, Thomas DC, Cunliffe SV. Methods of cohort analysis: appraisal by application to asbestos mining. J R Stat Soc A. 1977;140:469-491.
2. Steenland K, Sanderson W. Lung cancer among industrial sand workers exposed to crystalline silica. Am J Epidemiol. 2001;153:695-703. (Pubitemid 32250978)
3. Chen T, Lukanova A, Grankvist K, et al. IGF-I during primiparous pregnancy and maternal risk of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010;121:169-175.
4. Lubin JH, Gail MH. Biased selection of controls for case-control analyses of cohort studies. Biometrics. 1984;40:63-75.
5. Robins JM, Gail MH, Lubin JH. More on "biased selection of controls for case-control analyses of cohort studies." Biometrics. 1986;42:293-299.
6. Breslow NE, Lubin JH, Marek P, Langholz B. Multiplicative models and cohort analysis. J Am Stat Assoc. 1983;78:1-12.
7. Borgan Ø, Goldstein L, Langholz B. Methods for the analysis of sampled cohort data in the Cox proportional hazards model. Ann Stat. 1995;23:1749-1778. (Pubitemid 126033111)
8. Checkoway H, Demers PA. Occupational case-control studies. Epidemiol Rev. 1994;16:151-162. (Pubitemid 24217792)
9. Checkoway H, Pearce N, Kriebel D. Research Methods in Occupational Epidemiology. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2004.
10. Kojo K, Pukkala E, Auvinen A. Breast cancer risk among Finnish cabin attendants: a nested case-control study. Occup Environ Med. 2005;62: 488-493. (Pubitemid 40904843)
11. Sanderson WT, Ward EM, Steenland K, Petersen MR. Lung cancer case-control study of beryllium workers. Am JInd Med. 2001;39:133-144. (Pubitemid 32147531)
12. Schubauer-Berigan MK, Deddens JA, Steenland K, Sanderson WT, Petersen MR. Adjustment for temporal confounders in a reanalysis of a case-control study of beryllium and lung cancer. Occup Environ Med. 2008;65:379-383. (Pubitemid 351775797)
13. Deubner DC, Lockey JL, Kotin P, et al. Re: lung cancer case-control study of beryllium workers [letter]. Am J Ind Med. 2001;40:284-285.
14. Levy PS, Roth HD, Deubner DC. Exposure to beryllium and occurrence of lung cancer: a reexamination of findings from a nested case-control study. J Occup Environ Med. 2007;49:96-101. (Pubitemid 46095595)
15. Langholz B, Richardson D. Are nested case-control studies biased? Epidemiology. 2009;20:321-329.
16. Hein MJ, Deddens JA, Schubauer-Berigan MK. Bias from matching on age at death or censor in nested case-control studies. Epidemiology. 2009;20:330-338.
17. Deubner DC, Roth HD. Rejoinder: progress in understanding the relationship between beryllium exposure and lung cancer. Epidemiology. 2009;20:341-343.
18. Richardson DB, Loomis D. The impact of exposure categorisation for grouped analyses of cohort data. Occup Environ Med. 2004;61:930-935. (Pubitemid 39389354)
19. Hein MJ. Occupational Cohort Studies and the Nested Case-Control Study Design [doctoral dissertation]. Cincinnati, OH: Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Cincinnati; 2009.
20. Harrell FE Jr. Regression Modeling Strategies with Applications to Linear Models, Logistic Regression, and Survival Analysis. New York: Springer; 2001.
21. Slama R, Werwatz A. Controlling for continuous confounding factors: non- and semiparametric approaches. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2005;53(Spec No 2):2s65-2s80. (Pubitemid 44543672)
22. Desquilbet L, Mariotti F. Dose-response analyses using restricted cubic spline functions in public health research. Stat Med. 2010;29:1037-1057.
23. Steenland K, Deddens JA. A practical guide to dose-response analyses and risk assessment in occupational epidemiology. Epidemiology. 2004; 15:63-70. (Pubitemid 40416998)
24. Langholz B, Thomas DC. Efficiency of cohort sampling designs: some surprising results. Biometrics. 1991;47:1563-1571.
25. Essebag V, Platt RW, Abrahamowicz M, Pilote L. Comparison of nested case-control and survival analysis methodologies for analysis of time-dependent exposure. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2005;5:5. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-5-5.
26. Wang MH, Shugart YY, Cole SR, Platz EA. A simulation study of control sampling methods for nested case-control studies of genetic and molecular biomarkers and prostate cancer progression. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009;18:706-711.
27. Deubner DC, Roth HD, Levy PS. Empirical evaluation of complex epidemiologic study designs: workplace exposure and cancer. J Occup Environ Med. 2007;49:953-959. (Pubitemid 47396321)
28. Langholz B, Richardson D. Re: empirical evaluation of complex epidemiologic study designs: workplace exposure and cancer [letter]. J Occup Environ Med. 2008;50:1-2.
29. Wacholder S. Bias in full cohort and nested case-control studies? Epidemiology. 2009;20:339-340.
30. Wacholder S, Silverman DT, McLaughlin JK, Mandel JS. Selection of controls in case-control studies: III. Design options. Am J Epidemiol. 1992;135:1042-1050.
31. Ernster VL. Nested case-control studies. Prev Med. 1994;23:587-590. (Pubitemid 24377866)
32. Checkoway H, Pearce N, Kriebel D. Selecting appropriate study designs to address specific research questions in occupational epidemiology. Occup Environ Med. 2007;64:633-638. (Pubitemid 47345259)
33. Goldstein L, Langholz B. Asymptotic theory for nested case-control sampling in the Cox regression model. Ann Stat. 1992;20:1903-1928.
34. Langholz B, Clayton D. Sampling strategies in nested case-control studies. Environ Health Perspect. 1994;102(suppl 8):47-51. (Pubitemid 24373309)
35. Langholz B, Borgan Ø. Counter-matching: a stratified nested case-control sampling method. Biometrika. 1995;82:69-79.