River reversals into karst springs: A model for cave enlargement in eogenetic karst aquifers

Bulletin of the Geological Society of America

Volumn 123, Issue 3-4, 2011, Pages 457-467

  Gulley, Jason ^a   Martin, Jonathan ^a   Screaton, Elizabeth ^a   Moore, Paul ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AQUIFERS; CARBONATE MINERALS; CARBONATION; CAVES; DISSOLUTION; DISSOLVED OXYGEN; FLOODS; GROUNDWATER RESOURCES; HYDROGEOLOGY; ORGANIC CARBON; SPRINGS (WATER); SURFACE WATERS;

CONCEPTUAL MODEL; DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON; EOGENETIC KARSTS; MATRIX PERMEABILITY; REDOX CHEMISTRY; UNCONFINED AQUIFERS; UPPER FLORIDAN AQUIFERS; UPSTREAM DIRECTION;

RECHARGING (UNDERGROUND WATERS);

CAVE SYSTEM; DISSOLUTION; KARST HYDROLOGY; KARSTIFICATION; MATRIX; NUMERICAL MODEL; PERMEABILITY; POROSITY; SPELEOLOGY; SPELEOTHEM; UNCONFINED AQUIFER;

FLORIDA [UNITED STATES]; SUWANNEE RIVER; UNITED STATES;

PECTINIDAE;

EID: 79951505728     PISSN: 00167606     EISSN: 00167606     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1130/B30254.1     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Bretz, J.H., 1942, Vadose and phreatic features of limestone caves: The Journal of Geology, v. 50, p. 675-811, doi: 10.1086/625074.
2. Budd, D.A., and Vacher, H.L., 2004, Matrix permeability of the confined Floridan Aquifer, Florida, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 12, p. 531-549, doi: 10.1007/s10040-004-0341-5.
3. Crandall, C.A., Katz, B.G., and Hirtin, J.J., 1999, Hydrochemical evidence for mixing of river water and groundwater during high-flow conditions, Lower Suwan nee River Basin, Florida, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 7, p. 454-467, doi: 10.1007/s100400050218.
4. Curl, R.L., 1974, Deducing flow velocity in cave conduits from scallops: Bulletin of the National Speleological Society, v. 36, p. 1-5.
5. Drever, J.I., 1997, The Geochemistry of Natural Waters: Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice Hall, 437 p.
6. Florea, L.J., and Vacher, H.L., 2007, Eogenetic karst hydrology: Insights from the 2004 hurricanes, peninsular Florida: Ground Water, v. 45, p. 439-446, doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00309.x.
7. Florea, L.J., Vacher, H.L., Donahue, B., and Naar, D., 2007, Quaternary cave levels in peninsular Florida: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 26, no. 9-10, p. 1344-1361, doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.02.011.
8. Ford, D., and Williams, P., 2007, Karst hydrogeology and geomorphology: Chichester, Wiley, p. 562.
9. Grubbs, J.W., and Crandall, C.A., 2007, Exchanges of water between the Upper Floridan aquifer and the Lower Suwannee and Lower Santa Fe Rivers, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1656-C, p. 83.
10. Krawczyk, W.E., and Ford, D.C., 2006, Correlating specific conductivity with total hardness in limestone and dolomite karst waters: Earth Surface Processes and Land-forms, v. 31, p. 221-234, doi: 10.1002/esp.1232.
11. Martin, J.B., and Dean, R.W., 1999, Temperature as a natural tracer of short residence times for ground water in karst aquifers, in Palmer, A.N., Palmer, M.V., and Sasowsky, I.D., eds., Karst Modeling: Karst Waters Institute Special Publication no. 5, p. 236-242.
12. Martin, J.B., and Dean, R.W., 2001, Exchange of water between conduits and matrix in the Floridan aquifer: Chemical Geology, v. 179, p. 145-165, doi: 10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00320-5.
13. Martin, J.B., and Gordon, S.L., 2000, Surface and ground water mixing, flow paths, and temporal variations in chemical compositions of karst springs, in Sasowsky, I.D., and Wicks, C., eds., Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Transport in Carbonate Aquifers: Rotterdam, A.A. Balkema, p. 65-92.
14. Martin, J.M., Screaton, E.J., and Martin, J.B., 2006, Monitoring well responses to karst conduit head fluc-tuations: Implications for fluid exchange and matrix transmissivity in the Floridan aquifer, in Wicks, C., and Harmon, R., eds., Geological Society of America Special Paper 404, p. 209-218.
15. Meinzer, E.O., 1927, Large springs in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 557.
16. Miller, J.A. 1982, Hydrogeologic framework of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and parts of Georgia, Alabama and South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 1430-B.
17. Moore, P.J., 2009, Controls on the veneration of secondary porosity in eogenetic karst: Examples from San Salvador Island, Bahamas and north-central Florida [Ph.D. thesis]: Gainesville, University of Florida, 140 p.
18. Moore, P.J., Martin, J.B., and Screaton, E.J., 2009, Geochemical and statistical evidence of recharge, mixing, and controls on spring discharge in an eogenetic karst aquifer: Amsterdam, Journal of Hydrology, v. 376, no. 3-4, p. 443-455, doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.052.
19. Mylroie, J.E., and Carew, J.L., 1990, The flank margin model for dissolution cave development in carbonate platforms: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 15, p. 413-424, doi: 10.1002/esp.3290150505.
20. Opsahl, S.P., Happel, J.D., and Chanton, J.P., 2007, Unusual chemistry and anthropogenic contaminants in Upper Floridan Aquifer groundwater underneath the Chickasawhatchee Swamp: Athens, Georgia, Proceedings of the 2007 Georgia Water Resources Conference, p. 4.
21. Palmer, A.N., 1991, Origin and morphology of limestone caves: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, p. 1-21, doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<0001:OAMOLC>2.3.CO;2.
22. Parkhurst, D.L., and Appelo, C.A.J., 1999, User's guide to PHREEQC (version 2)-A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4259, 312 p.
23. Rhoades, R., and Sinacori, M.N., 1941, Pattern of ground-water flow and solution: The Journal of Geology, v. 49, p. 785-794, doi: 10.1086/625014.
24. Ritorto, M., Screaton, E.J., Martin, J.B., and Moore, P.J., 2009, Relative importance and chemical effects of diffuse and focused recharge in an eogenetic karst aquifer: An example from the unconfined upper Floridan aquifer, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 17, no. 7, p. 1687-1698, doi: 10.1007/s10040-009-0460-0.
25. Robie, R.A., Hemingway, B.S., and Fisher, J.R., 1984, Thermo dynamic properties of minerals and related substances at 298.15 K and 1 bar (105 pascals) pressure and at higher temperatures: Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office, 456 p.
26. Rosenau, J.C., Faulkner, G.L., Charles, W., Hendry, J., and Hull, R. W., 1977, The Springs of Florida: Tallahassee, Florida, Department of Natural Resources, Bulletin no. 31, 461 p.
27. Scott, T.M., Means, G.H., Meegan, R.P., Means, R.C., Up-church, S.B., Copeland, R.E., Jones, J., Roberts, T., and Willet, A., 2004, Springs of Florida: Tallahassee, Florida, Florida Geological Survey, p. 377.
28. Screaton, E., Martin, J.B., Ginn, B., and Smith, L., 2004, Conduit properties and karstification in the Santa Fe River Sink-Rise System of the Floridan Aquifer: Ground Water, v. 42, p. 338-346, doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02682.x.
29. Smart, P.L., Beddows, P.A., Coke, J., Doerr, S., Smith, S., and Whitaker, F.F., 2006, Cave development on the Caribbean coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Quintana Roo, Mexico: Geological Society of America Special Papers, v. 404, p. 105-128.
30. Vacher, H.L., and Mylroie, J.E., 2002, Eogenetic karst from the perspective of an equivalent porous medium: Carbonates and Evaporites, v. 17, p. 182-196, doi: 10.1007/BF03176484.
31. White, W.B., 2001, Ground water flow in karst: Matrix flow and conduit flow with implications for the Floridan aquifer, in Martin, J.B., Wicks, C.M., and Sasowsky, I.D., eds., Hydrogeology and Biology of Post-Paleozoic Carbonate Aquifers: Charles Town, West Virginia, Karst Waters Institute, p. 9-13.
32. White, W.B., and White, E.L., 1989, Karst Hydrology: Concepts from the Mammoth Cave Area: New York, Van Norstrand Reinhold, 346 p.