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Acknowledgments: We thank T. Takahashi for the NCI-H460-LNM35 cells; D. Kerjaschki for podoplanin antibodies; K. Honkonen for help with experiments; and P. Bono, H. Joensuu, and M. Tenhunen for helpful discussions. We are grateful to N. Ihalainen, T. Laakkonen, K. Salo, T. Tainola, S. Wallin, and K. Viita-Aho for excellent technical assistance, as well as A. Lehtonen and H. Karhunen for expert animal husbandry. The Biomedicum Molecular Imaging Unit is acknowledged for microscopy services. We acknowledge E. Viherkoski at Duallaser Ltd. for fruitful collaborations with the laser equipment. Funding: This work was supported by grants from the Association for International Cancer Research, the Finnish Cancer Organizations, the Finnish Academy, the Helsinki University Research Fund, NIH (5 R01 HL075183-02), the Sigrid Juselius Foundation, and the European Union (Tumor Host Genomics, LSHC-CT-2005-518198). T.T. was supported by personal grants from the Finnish Cancer Organizations, the Emil Aaltonen Foundation, the K. Albin Johansson Foundation, the Maud Kuistila Memorial Foundation, the Orion-Farmos Research Foundation, and the Paulo Foundation. Author contributions: T.T. developed the PDT concept, designed and performed the experiments and data analysis, prepared the figures, obtained personal funding, and wrote the paper; A.S. performed adenovirus and tumor experiments; T.H. performed tumor experiments and immunohistochemistry; S.Y.-H. developed and generated adenovirus vectors; L.C.A. provided expertise in pathology and reviewed the paper; S.V. provided human melanoma tissues and expertise in pathology and reviewed the paper; I.I. helped to perform initial experiments, contributed reagents and PDT methodology, and reviewed the paper; and K.A. directed the studies, provided funding, and helped to write the paper. Competing interests: K.A. is the Chairman of the Scientific Advisory Council of Circadian Technologies. A.S. and T.T. consult for LxTherapies Ltd. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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