"Crater" flux transfer events: Highroad to the X line?

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

Volumn 116, Issue 2, 2011, Pages

  Farrugia, C J ^a   Chen, Li Jen ^a   Torbert, R B ^a   Southwood, D J ^b   Cowley, S W H ^c   Vrublevskis, A ^d   Mouikis, C ^a   Vaivads, A ^e   Andre M ^e   Decreau P ^f   Vaith, H ^a   Owen, C J ^g   Sibeck, D J ^h   Lucek, E ⁱ   Smith, C W ^a  

^a University of New Hampshire   (United States)

^b EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY   (France)

^c UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

^d MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^e SWEDISH INSTITUTE OF SPACE PHYSICS   (Sweden)

^f CNRS/LPC2E   (France)

^g UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^h NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

ⁱ IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 79851477834     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699402     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2010JA015495     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. André, M., A. Vaivads, S. C. Buchert, A. N. Fazakerley, and A. Lahiff (2004), Thin electron-scale layers at the magnetopause, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L03803, doi:10.1029/2003GL018137.
2. Asano, Y., et al. (2008), Electron flat-top distributions around the magnetic reconnection region, J. Geophys. Res., 113, A01207, doi:10.1029/2007JA012461.
3. (Pubitemid 127505536)
4. Biernat, H. K., M. F. Heyn, and V. S. Semenov (1987), Unsteady Petschek reconnection, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 3392-3396.
5. Chen, L.-J., et al. (2008), Evidence of an extended electron current sheet and its neighboring magnetic island during magnetotail reconnection, J. Geophys. Res., 113, A12213, doi:10.1029/2008JA013385.
6. Chen, L.-J., et al. (2009), Multispacecraft observations of the electron current sheet, neighboring magnetic islands, and electron acceleration during magnetotail reconnection, Phys. Plasmas, 16, 056501.
7. Cowley, S. W. H. (1982), The causes of convection in the Earth's magnetosphere: A review of developments during the IMS, Rev. Geophys., 20, 531-565.
8. Cowley, S. W. H. (1994), Earth's plasma environment: Magnetic reconnection and its effect on magnetospheric fields and flows, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 349, 237-247.
9. Daly, P. W., and E. Keppler (1983), Remote sensing of a flux transfer event with energetic particles, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 3971-3980.
10. Daly, P. W., D. J. Williams, C. T. Russell, and E. Keppler (1981), Particle signature of magnetic flux transfer events at the magnetopause, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 1628-1632.
11. Décréau, P. M. E., et al. (2001), Early results from the Whisper instrument on CLUSTER: An overview, Ann. Geophys., 19, 1241-1258.
12. Drake, J. F., M. Swisdak, C. Cattell, M. A. Shay, B. N. Rogers, and A. Zeiler (2003), Formation of electron holes and particle energization during magnetic reconnection, Science, 299, 873-977.
13. Farrugia, C., R. Rijnbeek, M. Saunders, D. Southwood, D. Rodgers, M. Smith, C. Chaloner, D. Hall, P. Christiansen, and L. Woolliscroft (1988), A multi-instrument study of flux transfer event structure, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 14,465-14,477.
14. Farrugia, C. J., R. C. Elphic, D. J. Southwood, and S. W. H. Cowley (1987), Field and flow perturbations outside the reconnected field line region in flux transfer events: Theory, Planet. Space Sci., 35, 227-240.
15. Fear, R. C., S. E. Milan, A. N. Fazakerley, E. A. Lucek, S. W. H. Cowley, and I. Dandouras (2008), The azimuthal extent of three flux transfer events, Ann. Geophys., 26, 2353-2369.
16. Gustafsson, G., et al. (1997), The electric field and wave experiment for the Cluster mission, Space Sci. Rev., 79, 137-156. (Pubitemid 127505538)
17. Haerendel, G., G. Paschmann, N. Sckopke, H. Rosenbauer, and P. C. Hedgecock (1978), The frontside boundary layer of the magnetosphere and the problem of reconnection, J. Geophys. Res., 83, 3195-3216.
18. Hoshino, M., K. Hiraide, and T. Mukai (2001), Strong electron heating and non-Maxwellian behavior in magnetic reconnection, Earth Planets Space, 53, 627-634. (Pubitemid 40841123)
19. Johnstone, A. D., et al. (1995), PEACE: A plasma electron and current experiment, Space Sci. Rev., 71, 351-398.
20. Khotyaintsev, Y. V., A. Vaivads, A. Retinò, M. André, C. J. Owen, and H. Nilsson (2006), Formation of inner structure of a reconnection separatrix region, Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 205003.
21. LaBelle, J., R. Treumann, G. Haerendel, O. Bauer, G. Paschmann, W. Baumjohann, H. Lühr, R. Anderson, H. Koons, and R. Holzworth (1987), AMPTE IRM observations of waves associated with flux transfer events in the magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 5827-5843.
22. Lee, L. C., and Z. F. Fu (1985), A theory of magnetic flux transfer at the Earth's magnetopause, Geophys. Res. Lett., 12, 105-108. (Pubitemid 15460020)
23. Lepping, R. P., et al. (1995), The WIND magnetic field investigation, Space Sci. Rev., 71, 207-229.
24. Lühr, H., and N. Klöcker (1987), AMPTE-IRM observations of magnetic cavities near the magnetopause, Geophys. Res. Lett., 14, 186-189.
25. Ma, Z. W., and A. Bhattacharjee (2001), Hall magnetohydrodynamic reconnection: The Geospace Environment Modeling challenge, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 3773-3782.
26. McHenry, M. A., and C. R. Clauer (1987), Modeled ground magnetic signatures of flux transfer events, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 11,231-11,240.
27. Moldwin, M., and W. Hughes (1991), Plasmoids as magnetic flux ropes, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 14,051-14,064.
28. Mozer, F. S., S. D. Bale, and T. D. Phan (2002), Evidence of diffusion regions at a subsolar magnetopause crossing, Phys. Rev. Lett., 89, 015001.
29. Nagai, T., I. Shinohara, M. Fujimoto, M. Hoshino, Y. Saito, S. Machida, and T. Mukai (2001), Geotail observations of the Hall current system: Evidence of magnetic reconnection in the magnetotail, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 25,929-25,949, doi:10.1029/2001JA900038. (Pubitemid 33728460)
30. Papamastorakis, I., G. Paschmann, W. Baumjohann, B. U. Ö Sonnerup, and H. Lühr (1989), Orientation, motion, and other properties of flux transfer event structures on September 4, 1984, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 8852-8866.
31. Paschmann, G., G. Haerendel, I. Papamastorakis, N. Sckopke, S. J. Bame, J. T. Gosling, and C. T. Russell (1982), Plasma and magnetic field characteristics of magnetic flux transfer events, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 2159-2168.
32. Paschmann, G., et al. (1997), The electron drift instrument for Cluster, Space Sci. Rev., 79, 233-269. (Pubitemid 127505542)
33. Pritchett, P. L. (2001), Geospace Environment Modeling reconnection challenge: Simulations with a full particle electromagnetic code, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 3783-3798.
34. Ogilvie, K. W., et al. (1995), SWE, a comprehensive plasma instrument for the Wind spacecraft, Space Sci. Rev., 71, 55-77.
35. Oieroset, M., T. D. Phan, M. Fujimoto, R. P. Lin, and R. P. Lepping (2001), In situ detection of collisionless reconnection in the Earth's magnetotail, Nature, 412, 414-417. (Pubitemid 32705499)
36. Rème, H., et al. (1997), The CLUSTER Ion Spectrometry Experiment, Space Sci. Rev., 79, 303-350.
37. Rijnbeek, R. P., and S. W. H. Cowley (1982), Magnetospheric flux erosion events are flux transfer events, Nature, 300, 135-138.
38. Rijnbeek, R. P., C. J. Farrugia, D. J. Southwood, M. W. Dunlop, W. A. C. Mier-Jedrzejowicz, C. P. Chaloner, D. S. Hall, and M. F. Smith (1987), A magnetic boundary signature within flux transfer events, Planet. Space Sci., 35, 871-878.
39. Rogers, B. N., J. F. Drake, and M. A. Shay (2000), The onset of turbulence in collisionless magnetic reconnection, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3157-3160.
40. Russell, C. T., and R. C. Elphic (1978), Initial ISEE magnetometer results: Magnetopause observations, Space Sci. Rev., 22, 681-715.
41. Saunders, M. A., C. T. Russell, and N. Sckopke (1984), Flux transfer events: Scale size and internal structure, Geophys. Res. Lett., 11, 131-134. (Pubitemid 14624019)
42. Scholer, M. (1988), Magnetic flux transfer at the magnetopause based on single X line bursty reconnection, Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 291-294.
43. Scholer, M., D. Hovestadt, F. Ipavich, and G. Gloeckler (1982), Energetic protons, alpha particles, and electrons in magnetic flux transfer events, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 2169-2175.
44. Scudder, J. D., K. W. Ogilvie, and C. T. Russell (1984), The relation of flux transfer events to magnetic reconnection, in Magnetic Reconnection in Space and Laboratory Plasmas, edited by E. W. Hones Jr., p. 151, AGU, Washington, D. C.
45. Shay, M. A., J. F. Drake, B. N. Rogers, and R. E. Denton (2001), Alfvénic collisionless magnetic reconnection and the Hall term, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 3759-3772.
46. Slavin, J. A., et al. (1989), CDAW 8 observations of plasmoid signatures in the geomagnetic tail: An assessment, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 15,153-15,175.
47. Sonnerup, B. U. Ö. (1979), Solar System Plasma Physics, vol. 3, edited by L. T. Lanzerotti, C. F. Kennel, and E. N. Parker, pp. 45-108, North-Holland, New York.
48. Sonnerup, B. U. Ö. (1987), On the stress balance in flux transfer events, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 8613-8629.
49. Sonnerup, B. U. Ö., G. Paschmann, I. Papamastorakis, N. Sckopke,G. Haerendel, S. Bame, J. Asbridge, J. Gosling, and C. Russell (1981),Evidence for Magnetic Field Reconnection at the Earth's Magnetopause, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 10,049-10,067.
50. Southwood, D. J. (1985), Theoretical aspects of ionosphere- magnetospheresolar wind coupling, Adv. Space Res., 5, 7-14, doi:10.1016/0273- 1177 (85)90110-3.
51. Southwood, D. J. (1987), The ionopsheric signature of flux transfer events, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 3207-3213.
52. Southwood, D. J., C. J. Farrugia, and M. A. Saunders (1988), What are flux transfer events?, Planet. Space Sci., 36, 503-508.
53. Vaivads, A., M. André, S. C. Burchert, J.-E. Wahlund, A. N. Fazakerley, and N. Cornilleau-Wehrlin (2004a), Cluster observations of lower hybrid turbulence within thin layers at the magnetopause, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L03804, doi:10.1029/2003GL018142.
54. Vaivads, A., Y. Khotyaintsev, M. André, A. Retinò, S. C. Buchert, B. N. Rogers, P. Décréau, G. Paschmann, and T. D. Phan (2004b), Structure of the magnetic reconnection diffusion region from four-spacecraft observations, Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 105001.
55. Vaivads, A., A. Retinò, and M. Andrè (2006), Microphysics of magnetic reconnection, Space Sci. Rev., 122, 19-27.
56. Walthour, D., B. U. Ö. Sonnerup, G. Paschmann, H. Lühr, D. Klumpar, and T. Potemra (1993), Remote sensing of two-dimensional magnetopause structures, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 1489-1504.
57. Wygant, J. R., et al. (2005), Cluster observations of an intense normal component of the electric field at a thin reconnecting current sheet in the tail and its role in the shock-like acceleration of the ion fluid into the separatrix region, J. Geophys. Res., 110, A09206, doi:10.1029/2004JA010708. (Pubitemid 44235026)