Turkey's neighborhood policy: An emerging complex interdependence?

Insight Turkey

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 89-108

  Renda, Kadri Kaan ^a  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

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EID: 79551653618     PISSN: 1302177X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Previous drafts of this paper were presented at the Graduate Conference of the European Consortium for Political Research held in Dublin, August 30-September 1, 2010 and at the Annual Conference of the University Association for Contemporary European Studies held in Bruges, September 6-8, 2010. I would like to thank anonymous referees for their useful comments.
2. On this point I draw on Jan W. Honig. Jan W. Honig, "The 'Renationalization' of Western European Defense", Security Studies, Vol. 2, No. 1 (Autumn, 1992), pp. 122-138.
3. For instance, see Alan Makovsky, "The New Activism in Turkish Foreign Policy", SAIS Review, Vol. 19, No. 1 (1999), pp. 92-113;
4. Sabri Sayari, "Turkish Foreign Policy in the Post-Cold War Era: The Challenges of Multi-Regionalism", Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 54, No. 1 (Fall, 2000), p. 170.
5. Internationalism is generally defined as "a set of beliefs to the effect that if there is more law, organization, exchange, and communication among states, this will reinforce peace and security." Kjell Goldmann, The Logic of Internationalism: Coercion and Accommodation (London and New York: Routledge, 1993), p. 2.
6. For the new activism during the Justice and Development Party era, see Ziya Öniş and Şuhnaz Yilmaz, "Between Europeanization and Euro-Asianism: Foreign Policy Activism in Turkey during the AKP Era", Turkish Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1 (March, 2009), pp. 7-24.
7. Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye, Power and Interdependence: World Politics in Transition (Glenview, IL: Scott Foresman and Co., 1989), 2nd Edition, pp. 24-25.
8. Ibid., pp. 26-27.
9. Joseph, S. Nye, Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power (New York: Basic Books, 1990).
10. Keohane and Nye, Power and Interdependence, p. 13.
11. Ibid., p. 32.
12. Ibid., p. 28.
13. Robert O. Keohane, After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1984), pp. 51-52 (italics original).
14. According to Keohane, "Myopic self-interest refers to governments' perception of the relative costs and benefits to them of alternative courses of action with regard to a particular issue, when that issue is considered in isolation from others."
15. Ibid., p. 99 (italics original).
16. Robert O. Keohane, "International Relations and International Law: Two Optics", Robert. O. Keohane (ed.), Power and Governance in Partially Globalized World (London, New York: Routledge, 2002), p. 121.
17. Mustafa Aydin, "The Determinants of Turkish Foreign Policy, and Turkey's European Vocation", The Review of International Affairs, Vol. 3, No. 2 (Winter, 2003), p. 323.
18. Sevgi Drorian, "Turkey: Security, State and Society in Troubled Times", European Security, Vol. 14, Issue 2 (June, 2005), p. 262.
19. Ziya Öniş, "Turkey and the Middle East after September 11: The Importance of the EU Dimension", Turkish Political Quarterly, Vol. 2, No. 3 (Winter, 2003), p. 2.
20. Keohane, After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy, p. 82.
21. William Hale and Ergun Özbudun, Islamism, Democracy and Liberalism in Turkey: The Case of the AKP (London and New York: Routledge, 2010), p. 120.
22. Keohane, After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy, p. 111.
23. Robert O. Keohane, "International Liberalism Reconsidered", Robert O. Keohane (ed.), Power and Governance in Partially Globalized World (London, New York: Routledge, 2002), p. 49
24. Philip Gordon and Ömer Taşpinar, "Turkey on the Brink", The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 29, No. 3 (2006), p. 60.
25. Kemal Kirişci, "Transformation of Turkish Foreign Policy: The Rise of the Trading State", New Perspectives on Turkey, Vol. 40 (Spring, 2009), p. 33.
26. Kemal Kirişci, "Turkey's Foreign Policy in Turbulent Times", Chaillot Paper No. 92 (Paris: Institute for Security Studies, September, 2006), p. 49.
27. Hale and Özbudun, Islamism, Democracy and Liberalism in Turkey: The Case of the AKP, p. 121.
28. Ahmet Davutoǧlu cited in Turkey and the Middle East: Ambitions and Constraints, International Crisis Group Europe Report No. 203 (April, 2010), p. 10.
29. Kemal Kirişci, "Transformation of Turkish Foreign Policy: The Rise of the Trading State", p. 42-52.
30. Turkey and the Middle East: Ambitions and Constraints, p. 10.
31. Ramazan Gözen, "Causes and Consequences of Turkey's Out-of-War Position in the Iraq War of 2003", The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations, Vol. 36 (2005), p. 86.
32. Helena Smith, "Turkish Prime Minister in 'revolutionary' visit to Greece", The Guardian, May 13, 2010.
33. The joint statement of the meeting is available on the official website of Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, retrieved December 15, 2010, from http://www.mfa.gov. tr/turkiye-suriye-ydsik-1-toplantisi-ortak-bildirisi-22-23- aralik-sam.en. mfa.
34. The details of the High Level Cooperation Council are available on the official website of Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, retrieved December 15, 2010, from http://www.mfa.gov. tr/joint-political-declaration-on-the- esthablishement-of-the-high-level-cooperation-council-amongturkey-syria-jordan- and-lebanon. en. mfa.
35. See the official website of the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations. Retrieved December 15, 2010, from http://www.unaoc.org.
36. Nicolas Birch, "A Neo-Ottomanism: Interview with İbrahim Kalin", The Majalla, November 26, 2009.
37. Jonathan Head, "Iraq-Turkey railway links re-opens", BBC News, February 16, 2010.
38. Ahmet Davutoǧlu, Stratejik Derinlik [Strategic Depth] (İstanbul: Küre Yayinlari, 2001).
39. Davutoǧlu, "Turkey's Foreign Policy Vision: An Assessment of 2007", pp. 78-79.
40. Ahmet Davutoǧlu, "Turkey's Zero-Problems Foreign Policy", Foreign Policy, (May, 2010).
41. Tarik Oǧuzlu, "Soft power in Turkish foreign policy", Australian Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 61, Issue 1, (2007), pp. 81-97.
42. Gül quoted in Turkey and the Middle East: Ambitions and Constraints, p. 4-5.
43. Ahmet Davutoǧlu, "Turkey's Foreign Policy Vision: An Assessment of 2007", Insight Turkey, Vol. 10, No. 1 (January-March, 2008), p. 79.
44. Celeste A. Wallander and Robert O. Keohane, "Risk, Treat, and Security Institutions", Robert O. Keohane (ed.), Power and Governance in a Partially Globalized World (London, New York: Routledge, 2002), p. 92.
45. Tarik Oǧuzlu, "The Changing Dynamics of Turkey-Israel Relations: A Structural Realist Account", Mediterranean Politics, Vol. 15, No. 2 (July, 2010), p. 280.
46. Wallander and Keohane, "Risk, Threat, and Security Institutions", p. 95.
47. Hale and Özbudun, Islamism, Democracy and Liberalism in Turkey: The Case of the AKP, p. 146.
48. Robert O. Keohane, "The Globalization of Informal Violence, Theories of World Politics, and the "Liberalism of Fear"", Robert O. Keohane (ed.), Power and Governance in Partially Globalized World (London, New York: Routledge, 2002), pp. 282-83.