Iris center corneal reflection method for gaze tracking using visible light

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering

Volumn 58, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 411-419

  Sigut, Jose ^a   Sidha, Sid Ahmed ^a  

^a UNIVERSIDAD DE LA LAGUNA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Corneal reflection; gaze tracking; visible light

Indexed keywords

CORNEAL REFLECTION; FREE-HEAD; GAZE TRACKER; GAZE TRACKING; IMAGE FEATURES; RECALIBRATIONS; VISIBLE LIGHT;

LIGHT REFLECTION;

ARTICLE; CORNEA; EYE TRACKING; GAZE; HEAD MOVEMENT; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; IRIS; IRIS CENTER CORNEAL REFLECTION; LIGHT; PUPIL; PUPIL CENTER CORNEAL REFLECTION;

CORNEA; EYE MOVEMENT MEASUREMENTS; EYE MOVEMENTS; FIXATION, OCULAR; HUMANS; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; IRIS; LIGHT;

EID: 79551542058     PISSN: 00189294     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TBME.2010.2087330     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Z. Zhu and Q. Ji, "Eye and gaze tracking for interactive graphic display," Mach. Vis. Appl., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 139-148, 2004.
2. S. P. Liversedge and J. M. Findlay, "Saccadic eye movements and cognition," Trends Cogn. Sci., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 6-14, 2000.
3. M. F. Mason, B. M. Hood, and C. N. Macrae, "Look into my eyes: Gaze direction and person memory," Memory, vol. 12, pp. 637-643, 2004.
4. A. T. Duchowski, "A breadth-first survey of eye tracking applications," Behav. Res. Methods Instrum. Comput., vol. 34, pp. 1-16, 2002.
5. D. W. Hansen and Q. Ji, "In the eye of the beholder: A survey of models for eyes and gaze," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal.Mach. Intell., vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 478-500, Mar. 2010.
6. D. A. Robinson, "A method of measuring eye movements using a scleral search coil in a magnetic field," IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 137-145, Oct. 1963.
7. A. Kaufman, A. Bandopadhay, and B. Shaviv, "An eye tracking computer user interface," in Proc. Res. Front. Virtual Reality Workshop, 1993, pp. 78-84.
8. J. Babcock and J. Pelz, "Building a lightweight eye tracking headgear," in Proc. Eye Track. Res. Appl. Symp., 2004, pp. 109-114.
9. T. E. Hutchinson, K. P. White Jr., K. C. Reichert, and L. A. Frey, "Human- computer interaction using eye-gaze input," IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern., vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 1527-1533, Nov./Dec. 1989.
10. R. J. K. Jacob, "Eye-movement-based human-computer interaction techniques: Towards noncommand interfaces," vol. 4, Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1993, pp. 151-190.
11. C. H. Morimoto, D. Koons, A. Amir, and M. Flickner, "Pupil detection and tracking using multiple light sources," Image Vis. Comput., vol. 18, pp. 331-336, 2000.
12. D. Torricelli, S. Conforto, M. Schmid, and T. D'Alessio, "A neural-based remote eye gaze tracker under natural head motion," Comput. Methods Programs Biomed., vol. 92, pp. 66-78, 2008.
13. S. Baluja and D. Pomerleau, "Nonintrusive gaze tracking using artificial neural networks," in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), vol. 6, J. D. Cowan, G. Tesauro, and J. Alspector, Eds., San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann, 1994, pp. 753-760.
14. K. H. Tan, D. J. J. Kriegman, and N. Ahuja, "Appearance-based eye gaze estimation," in Proc. IEEE Workshop Appl. Comput. Vis., 2002, pp. 191- 195.
15. J. Zhu and J. Yang, "Subpixel eye gaze tracking," in Proc. IEEE Inr. Conf. Autom. Face Gesture Recognit., Washington, DC, 2002, pp. 131-136.
16. C. H. Morimoto and M. Mimica, "Eye gaze tracking techniques for interactive applications," Comput. Vis. Image Understand., Special Issue Eye Detect. Track., vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 4-24, 2005.
17. D. Beymer and M. Flickner, "Eye gaze tracking using an active stereo head," in Proc. Int. Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., 2003, pp. 451- 458.
18. S.W. Shih and J. Liu, "A novel approach to 3-D gaze tracking using stereo cameras," IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. B, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 234-245, Feb. 2004.
19. Z. Zhu and Q. Ji, "Novel eye gaze tracking techniques under natural head movement," IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. 54, no. 12, pp. 2246-2260, Dec. 2007.
20. Y. Ebisawa, "Improved video-based eye-gaze detection method," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 948-955, Aug. 1998.
21. OpenCV Computer Vision Library. (2010). [Online]. Available: http://opencv.willowgarage. com/wiki/
22. P.Viola and M. J. Jones, "Robust real-time face detection," Int. J. Comput. Vis., vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 137-154, 2004.
23. R. Hsu, M. A. -Mottaleb, and A. K. Jain, "Face detection in color images," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 696-706, May 2002.
24. M. A. Fischler and R. C. Bolles, "Random sample consensus: A paradigm for model fitting with applications to image analysis and automated cartography," Comm. ACM, vol. 24, pp. 381-395, 1981.
25. D. Li, J. Babcock, and D. J. Parkhurst, "OpenEyes: A low-cost headmounted eye-tracking solution," in Proc. ACM Eye Tracking Res. Appl. Symp., 2006, pp. 95-100.
26. A. Fitzgibbon, M. Pilu, and R. B. Fisher, "Direct least squares fitting of ellipses," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal.Mach. Intell., vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 476- 480, May 1999.
27. N. Ramanauskas, "Calibration of video-oculographical eye-tracking system," Electron. Electr. Eng., vol. 8, no. 72, pp. 65-68, 2006.
28. K. White, Jr., T. Hutchinson, and J. M. Carley, "Spatially dynamic calibration of an eye-tracking system," IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern., vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 1162-1168, Jul./Aug. 1993.
29. Z. Cherif, A. N. -Ali, J. Motsch, and M. Krebs, "An adaptive calibration of an infrared light device used for gaze tracking," in Proc. IEEE Instrum. Meas. Tech. Conf., 2002, pp. 1029-1033.
30. S.W. Shih and J. Liu, "A novel approach to 3-D gaze tracking using stereo cameras," IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. B, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 234-245, Feb. 2004.
31. D. Witzner and A. Pece, "Eye tracking in the wild," Comput. Vis. Image Understand., vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 182-210, 2005.
32. O.Williams, A. Blake, and R. Cipolla, "Sparse and semi-supervised visual mapping with the s3p," in Proc. IEEE Comput. Soc. Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit., 2006, pp. 230-237.