Exceptions that prove the rule: Embedding emergency government in everyday constitutional life

The Limits of Constitutional Democracy

Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 124-154

  Scheppele, Kim Lane ^a  

^a PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 79251627398     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (25)

1. Charlie Savage, "Obama's War on Terror May Resemble Bush's in Some Areas," New York Times, February 18, 2009.
2. Osama Siddique, "The Jurisprudence of Dissolutions: Presidential Power to Dissolve Assemblies under the Pakistani Constitution and Its Discontents," Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law 23, no. 3 (2006): 615-715.
3. Juan Forero, "Colombian Leader, Seeking Re-election, Warns of Catastrophe," New York Times, May 28, 2006, 16.
4. Kim Lane Scheppele, "'We Forgot about the Ditches': Russian Constitutional Impatience and the Challenge of Terrorism," Drake Law Review 53, no. 4 (2005): 963-1027.
5. For more detailed analysis of the Pakistani and Russian cases, see Kim Lane Scheppele, "Le droit de la sécurité international: Le terrorisme et l'empire sécuritaire de l'après-11 Septembre 2001" (International Security Law: Terrorism and the "Securitarian" Empire after September 11), Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales 173 (2008): 28-43.
6. Insiders include Bruce Ackerman, Before the Next Attack: Civil Liberties in an Age of Terrorism (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006).
7. Oren Gross and Fionnula Ní Aolaín, Law in Times of Crisis: Emergency Powers in Theory and Practice (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006), 17-85.
8. John Ferejohn and Pasquale Pasquino, "The Law of the Exception: A Typology of Emergency Powers," International Journal of Constitutional Law 2, no. 2 (2004): 210-39.
9. Joan Fitzpatrick, Human Rights in Crisis: The International System for Protecting Rights during States of Emergency (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994).
10. David Cole and Jules Lobel, Less Safe, Less Free: Why America Is Losing the War on Terror (New York: New Press, 2007).
11. Carl Schmitt, Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty, trans. George Schwab (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985), 6-7.
12. Grundgesetz (GG), Federal Republic of Germany (Basic Law), Art. 80a and Art. 81, available in English at http://www.bundestag.de/interakt/infomat/fremdsprachiges_material/downloads/ggEn_download.pdf, including amendments through June 2008.
13. Frederick Mundell Watkins, The Failure of Constitutional Emergency Powers under the German Republic (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1939).
14. Constitution of the Russian Federation, particularly Art. 56(3), and Art. 106(5), available in English at http://www.kremlin.ru/eng/articles/ConstMain.shtml.
15. Federal Constitutional Law on the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, NO. 1-FKZ of July 21, 1994 (as amended through June 2009), Ch. I, Art. 7.
16. Preamble, Emergencies Act (1985, c. 22 (4th Supp.)), http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/showtdm/cs/E-4.5. I discuss this statute more extensively in Kim Lane Scheppele, "North American Emergencies: The Uses of Emergency Powers in the United States and Canada," I-CON International Journal of Constitutional Law 4, no. 2 (2006): 213-43, 230-31.
17. The law can be found in German at http://bundesrecht.juris.de/bverfschg/index.html.
18. For the BfV's own documentation of the mechanisms that control it, see Bundesamt für Verfassungsshutz-Control, http://www.verfassungsschutz.de/en/en_about_bfv/control.html.
19. Zöller, "Liberty Dies by Inches: German Counter-Terrorism Measures and Human Rights," 5.
20. See Martin Arnold, "'Le Sheriff' Warns of al-Qaeda Attack in Asia," Financial Times, August 26, 2005, 6.
21. Judge Baltasar Garzón, profile, BBC News, September 26, 2005, http:// news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/europe/3085482.stm.
22. Baltasar Garzón, interview, Frontline, July 27, 2004, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/front/map/garzon.html.
23. Steve Twomey, "Security Heightened in D.C.: Government Shuts Down, Employees Sent Home 'It's Traumatizing,'" Washington Post, September 11, 2001.
24. Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison, The Federalist, ed. Jacob E. Cooke (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1961), No. 47.
25. Ex Parte Milligan, 71 U.S. 2, 209 (1866).