The relationship of noncredible performance to continuous performance test scores in adults referred for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder evaluation

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology

Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 1-7

  Suhr, Julie A ^a   Sullivan, Brian K ^b   Rodriguez, Jose Luis ^b  

^a OHIO UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Department of Teacher Education and Department of Sociology and Anthropology   (United States)

Author keywords

Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity; Continuous performance tests; Malingering; Neuropsychological assessment

Indexed keywords

EID: 79251506706     PISSN: 08876177     EISSN: 18735843     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acq094     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Advokat, C., Martino, L., Hill, B.D., & Gouvier, W. (2007). Continuous performance test (CPT) of college students with ADHD, psychiatric disorders, cognitive deficits, or no diagnosis. Journal of Attention Disorders, 10, 253-256. doi:10.1177/1087054706292106
2. Alfano, K., & Boone, B. K. (2007). The use of effort tests in the context of actual versus feigned attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and learning disability. In K. B. Boone (Ed.), Assessment of feigned cognitive impairment: A neuropsychological perspective. New York: The Guilford Press.
3. Barkley, R. A. (2006). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment (3rd ed.). New York: The Guilford Press.
4. Booksh, R. L., Pella, R.D., Singh, A.N., & Gouvier, W. (2010). Ability of college students to simulate ADHD on objective measures of attention. Journal of Attention Disorders, 13, 325-338. doi:10.1177/1087054708329927
5. Brockhaus, R., & Merten, T. (2004). Neuropsychologische Diagnostik suboptimalen Leistungsverhaltens mit dem Word Memory Test. Nervenarzt, 75, 882-887.
6. Cohen, A. L., & Shapiro, S. K. (2007). Exploring the performance differences on the flicker task and the Conners' Continuous Performance Test in adults with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 11, 49-63. doi:10.1177/1087054706292162
7. Conners, C. K., Erhardt, D., & Sparrow, E. P. (1998). Conners adult attention rating scale-self-report: Long version. North Tonawanda, NY: Multi-Health Systems.
8. Conners, C. K., & MHS Staff (2000). Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CPT II) computer programs for Windows technical guide and software manual. North Tonawanda, NY: Multi-Health Systems.
9. Conti, R. (2004). Malingered ADHD in adolescents diagnosed with conduct disorder: A brief note. Psychological Reports, 94, 987-988. doi:10.2466/ PR0.94.3.987-988
10. Du Paul, G. J., Schaughency, E. A., Weyandt, L. L., Tripp, G., Keisner, J., Ota, K., et al. (2001). Self-report of ADHD symptoms in university students: Cross-gender and cross-national prevalence. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 34, 370-379. doi:10.1177/002221940103400412
11. Egeland, J. (2007). Differentiating attention deficit in adult ADHD and schizophrenia. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22, 763-771. doi:10.1016/ j.acn.2007.06.004
12. Epstein, J.N., Conners, C.K., Sitarenious, G., & Erhardt, D. (1998). Continuous performance test results of adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 12, 155-168.
13. Faraone, S.V., & Biederman, J. (2005). What is the prevalence of adult ADHD? Results of a population screen of 966 adults. Journal of Attention Disorders, 9, 384-391. doi:10.1177/1087054705281478 (Pubitemid 41608110)
14. Frazier, T.W., Frazier, A.R., Busch, R.M., Kerwood, M.A., & Demaree, H.A. (2008). Detection of simulated Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and reading disorder using symptom validity measures. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 23, 501-509. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2008.04.001
15. Goodrich-Hunsaker, N., & Hopkins, R. (2009). Word Memory Test Performance in amnesic patients with hippocampal damage. Neuropsychology, 23 (4), 529-534. doi:10.1037/a0015444
16. Green, P. (2005). Green's Word Memory Test for Windows: Users manual. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada: Author.
17. Green, P., & Flaro, L. (2003). Word Memory Test performance in children. Child Neuropsychology, 9 (3), 189-207. doi:10.1076/chin.9.3.189.16460 (Pubitemid 37271874)
18. Green, P., Flaro, L., & Courtney, J. (2009). Examining false positives on the WMT in adults with mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 23, 741-750. doi:10.1080/02699050903133962
19. Green, P., Rohling, M. L., Lees-Haley, P. R., & Allen, L. M. (2001). Effort has a greater effect on test scores than severe brain injury in compensation claimants. Brain Injury, 15, 1045-1060. doi:10.1080/ 02699050110088254 (Pubitemid 33120963)
20. Grote, C. L., & Hook, J. N. (2007). Forced-choice recognition tests of malingering. In G. J. Larrabee (Ed.), Assessment of malingered neuropsychological deficits. New York: Oxford University Press.
21. Hall, K. M., Irwin, M. M., Bowman, K.A., Frakenberger, W., & Jewett, D. C. (2005). Illicit use of prescribed stimulant medication among college students. Journal of American College Health, 53, 167-174. doi:10.3200/JACH.53. 4.167-174
22. Harrison, A. G. (2004). An investigation of reported symptoms of ADHD in a university population. ADHD Report, 12, 8-11. doi:10.1521/adhd.12.6.8.55256
23. Harrison, A.G., & Edwards, M.J. (2010). Symptom exaggeration in post-secondary students: Preliminary base rates in a Canadian sample. Applied Neuropsychology, 17, 135-143. doi:10.1080/09084281003715642
24. Harrison, A. G., Edwards, M. J., & Parker, K. C. H. (2007). Identifying students faking ADHD: Preliminary findings and strategies for detection. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22, 577-588. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2007.03.008 (Pubitemid 46921421)
25. Heiligenstein, E., Conyers, L. M., Berns, A. R., Miller, M. A., & Smith, M. A. (1998). Preliminary normative data on DSM-IV attention deficit disorder in college students. Journal of American College Health, 46, 185-188. doi:10.1080/07448489809595609
26. Iverson, G.L. (2005). Outcome from mild traumatic brain injury. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 18, 301-317. doi:10.1097/01.yco.0000165601.29047.ae
27. Jachinowicz, G., & Geiselman, R. E. (2004). Comparison of ease of falsification of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder diagnosis using standard behavioral rating scales. Cognitive Science Online, 2, 6-20. Retrieved November 21, 2008, from http://www.yellowdocuments.com/ 3467717-cognitive- science-online-vol-2.
28. Leark, R. A., Dixon, E., Hoffman, T., & Huynh, D. (2001). Fake bad test response bias effects on the test of variables of attention. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 17, 335-342. doi:10.1016/S0887-6177(01)00118-4
29. Lewandowski, L. J., Lovett, B. J., Codding, R. S., & Gordon, M. (2008). Symptoms of ADHD and academic concerns in college students with and without ADHD diagnosis. Journal of Attention Disorders, 12, 156-161. doi:10.1177/1087054707310882
30. Mannuzza, S., Klein, R. G., Klein, D. F., Bessler, A., & Shrout, P. (2002). Accuracy of adult recall of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 1882-1888. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp. 159.11.1882 (Pubitemid 35283254)
31. McCabe, S. E., Knight, J.R., Teter, C. J., & Wechsler, H. (2005). Non-medical use of prescription stimulants among US college students: Prevalence and correlates from a national survey. Addiction, 99, 96-106. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.00944.x
32. McCann, B. S., & Roy-Byrne, P. (2004). Screening and diagnostic utility of self-report Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder scales in adults. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 45, 175-183. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2004.02. 006 (Pubitemid 38656673)
33. Murphy, K. (1994). Guarding against overdiagnosis of ADHD in adults. The ADHD Report, 2, 3-4.
34. Murphy, K., & Barkley, R. A. (1996). Prevalence of DSM-IV symptoms of ADHD in adult licensed drivers: Implications for clinical diagnosis. Journal of Attention Disorders, 1, 147-161. doi:10.1177/108705479600100303
35. Murphy, P., & Schachar, R. (2000). Use of self-ratings in the assessment of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1156-1159. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.7.1156 (Pubitemid 30432499)
36. National Center for Educational Statistics, U.S. Department of Education. (1999). Students with disabilities in postsecondary education: A profile of preparation, participation, and outcomes. Retrieved July 13, 2010, from http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=1999187.
37. Nigg, J. T. (2005). Neuropsychologic theory and findings in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: The state of the field and salient challenges for the coming decade. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1424-1435. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.011 (Pubitemid 40798564)
38. Ord, J. S., Boettcher, A. C., Greve, K. W., & Bianchini, K. J. (2010). Detection of malingering in mild traumatic brain injury with the Conners' Continuous Performance Test-II. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 32, 380-387. doi:10.1080/13803390903066881
39. Quinn, C. A. (2003). Detection of malingering in assessment of adult ADHD. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 18, 379-395. doi:10.1093/arclin/18. 4.379
40. Riccio, C. A., Reynolds, C. R., & Lowe, P. A. (2001). Clinical applications of continuous performance tests: Measuring attention and impulsive responding in children and adults. New York: Wiley & Sons.
41. Roy-Byrne, R., Scheele, L., Brinkley, J., Ward, N., Wiatrak, C., Russo, J., et al. (1997). Adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Assessment guidelines based on clinical presentation to a specialty clinic. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 38 (3), 133-140. doi:10.1016/S0010-440X(97)90065-1
42. Solanto, M.V., Etefia, K., & Marks, D.J. (2004). The utility of self-report measures and the continuous performance test in the diagnosis of ADHD in adults. CNS Spectrums, 9, 649-659.
43. Stefanatos, G.A., & Baron, I.S. (2007). Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A neuropsychological perspective towards DSM-V. Neuropsychology Review, 17, 5-38. doi:10.1007/s11065-007-9020-3 (Pubitemid 46355009)
44. Suhr, J., Hammers, D., Dobbins-Buckland, K., Zimak, E., & Hughes, C. (2008). The relationship of malingering test failure to self-reported symptoms and neuropsychological findings in adults referred for ADHD evaluation. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 23, 521-530. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2008.05.003
45. Sullivan, B. K., May, K., & Galbally, L. (2007). Symptom exaggeration by college adults in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disorder assessments. Applied Neuropsychology, 14, 189-207.
46. Tan, J. E., Slick, D. J., Strauss, E., & Hultsch, D. F. (2002). How'd they do it? Malingering strategies on symptom validity tests. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 16, 495-505. doi:10.1076/clin.16.4.495.13909 (Pubitemid 36605804)
47. Teter, C. J., McCabe, S. E., Cranford, J. A., Boyd, C. J., & Guthrie, S. K. (2006). Prevalence and motives for illicit use of prescription stimulants in an undergraduate student sample. Journal of American College Health, 53, 253-262. doi:10.3200/JACH.53.6.253-262
48. Weyandt, L., Linterman, I., & Rice, J. (1995). Reported prevalence of attentional difficulties in a general sample of college students. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 17, 293-304. doi:10.1007/BF02229304
49. White, B. P., Becker-Blease, K. A., & Grace-Bishop, K. (2006). Stimulant medication use, misuse, and abuse in an undergraduate sample and graduate student sample. Journal of American College Health, 54, 261-268. doi:10.3200/JACH.54.5.261-268 (Pubitemid 43439967)