메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 296-313

Review of rainfall frequency estimation methods

Author keywords

Extreme; Frequency estimation; Methodology; Rainfall

Indexed keywords

ESTIMATION METHOD; FLOOD; FREQUENCY ANALYSIS; LITERATURE REVIEW; PRECIPITATION ASSESSMENT; RAINFALL; REGIONALIZATION; RESERVOIR;

EID: 79251493350     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1753318X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-318X.2010.01079.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (91)

References (74)
  • 1
    • 79251524302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme value analysis in the Nordic countries - pilot studies of minimum temperature and maximum daily precipitation and a review of methods in use. DNMI - Report No. 03/01 KLIMA, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway, May 2001
    • Alexandersson H., Førland E.J., Helminen J., Sjöblom N. & Tveito O.E. Extreme value analysis in the Nordic countries - pilot studies of minimum temperature and maximum daily precipitation and a review of methods in use. DNMI - Report No. 03/01 KLIMA, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway, May 2001, 26pp.
    • Alexandersson, H.1    Førland, E.J.2    Helminen, J.3    Sjöblom, N.4    Tveito, O.E.5
  • 2
    • 0036592411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupled rainfall model and discharge model for flood frequency estimation
    • Arnaud P. & Lavabre J. Coupled rainfall model and discharge model for flood frequency estimation. Water Resour Res 2002, 38, (6), 11.1-11.11.
    • (2002) Water Resour Res , vol.38 , Issue.6 , pp. 111-1111
    • Arnaud, P.1    Lavabre, J.2
  • 3
    • 33746425344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australian Rainfall and Runoff - a guide to flood estimation (two volumes)
    • ARR. Barton, Australia: Engineers Australia,
    • ARR. Australian Rainfall and Runoff - a guide to flood estimation (two volumes). Barton, Australia: Engineers Australia, 2001.
    • (2001)
  • 4
    • 79251515262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Babtie Group in association with CEH Wallingford and Rodney Bridle Ltd. Reservoir safety - Floods and reservoir safety: Clarification on the use of FEH and FSR design rainfalls. Final report to the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR). Babtie Group, Glasgow, UK
    • Babtie Group in association with CEH Wallingford and Rodney Bridle Ltd. Reservoir safety - Floods and reservoir safety: Clarification on the use of FEH and FSR design rainfalls. Final report to the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR). Babtie Group, Glasgow, UK 2000, 36pp.
    • (2000) , pp. 36
  • 5
    • 79251473472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Starkniederschlagshöhen für Deutschland (KOSTRA-Atlas). Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach
    • Bartels H., Malitz G., Asmus S., Albrecht F.M., Dietzer B., Günther T. & Ertel H. Starkniederschlagshöhen für Deutschland (KOSTRA-Atlas). Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, 1997, 82pp.
    • (1997) , pp. 82
    • Bartels, H.1    Malitz, G.2    Asmus, S.3    Albrecht, F.M.4    Dietzer, B.5    Günther, T.6    Ertel, H.7
  • 6
    • 79251479498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Follow-up of the Swedish guidelines for design flood determination for dams. Report No. 1:2008, BE90. Svenska Kraftnät, Vällingby, Sweden
    • Bergström S., Hellström S.-S., Lindström G. & Wern L. Follow-up of the Swedish guidelines for design flood determination for dams. Report No. 1:2008, BE90. Svenska Kraftnät, Vällingby, Sweden, 2008, 37pp.
    • (2008) , pp. 37
    • Bergström, S.1    Hellström, S.-S.2    Lindström, G.3    Wern, L.4
  • 7
    • 0024856931 scopus 로고
    • Proposed Swedish spillway design floods in relation to observations and frequency analysis
    • Bergström S., Lindström G. & Sanner H. Proposed Swedish spillway design floods in relation to observations and frequency analysis. Nordic Hydrol 1989, 20, 277-292.
    • (1989) Nordic Hydrol , vol.20 , pp. 277-292
    • Bergström, S.1    Lindström, G.2    Sanner, H.3
  • 8
    • 0021376381 scopus 로고
    • Bivariate extreme-value data and the station-year method
    • Buishand T.A. Bivariate extreme-value data and the station-year method. J Hydrol 1984, 69, 77-95.
    • (1984) J Hydrol , vol.69 , pp. 77-95
    • Buishand, T.A.1
  • 9
    • 79251481947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Statistical Climatology, Vienna, Austria, 23-27 June 1986
    • In: K. Cehak & F. Nobilis, eds. Vienna, Austria: Österreichische Gesellschaft für Meteorologie, 1987, .
    • Buishand T.A. Extreme value analysis of climatological data. In: K. Cehak & F. Nobilis, eds. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Statistical Climatology, Vienna, Austria, 23-27 June 1986. Vienna, Austria: Österreichische Gesellschaft für Meteorologie, 1987, 145-158.
    • Extreme value analysis of climatological data , pp. 145-158
    • Buishand, T.A.1
  • 10
    • 0025572097 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of regional flood frequency analysis with a region of influence approach
    • Burn D.H. Evaluation of regional flood frequency analysis with a region of influence approach. Water Resour Res 1990, 26, 2257-2265.
    • (1990) Water Resour Res , vol.26 , pp. 2257-2265
    • Burn, D.H.1
  • 11
    • 0019392228 scopus 로고
    • Estimating return values of environmental parameters
    • Carter D.J.T. & Challenor P.G. Estimating return values of environmental parameters. Quart J Royal Met Soc 1981, 107, 259-266.
    • (1981) Quart J Royal Met Soc , vol.107 , pp. 259-266
    • Carter, D.J.T.1    Challenor, P.G.2
  • 12
    • 79251505840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computation of runoff on small catchments. Transzhedorizdat, Moscow, 1953.
    • Chegodayev N.N. Computation of runoff on small catchments. Transzhedorizdat, Moscow, 1953.
    • Chegodayev, N.N.1
  • 14
    • 79251483932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some comments on 10000 year return period rainfall. Report to Defra, UK
    • Cox D.R. Some comments on 10000 year return period rainfall. Report to Defra, UK, 2003, 24pp.
    • (2003) , pp. 24
    • Cox, D.R.1
  • 15
    • 0015599997 scopus 로고
    • A particular comparison of annual maxima and partial duration series methods of flood frequency prediction
    • Cunnane C. A particular comparison of annual maxima and partial duration series methods of flood frequency prediction. J Hydrol 1973, 18, 257-271.
    • (1973) J Hydrol , vol.18 , pp. 257-271
    • Cunnane, C.1
  • 16
    • 79251512721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical distributions for flood frequency analysis. Operational Hydrology Report No 33. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1989
    • Cunnane C. Statistical distributions for flood frequency analysis. Operational Hydrology Report No 33. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1989, 73pp.
    • Cunnane, C.1
  • 17
    • 79251493893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional fördelning av nederbördsintensitet - en klimatologisk analys. Rapport R18:1979, Byggforskningen
    • Dahlström B. Regional fördelning av nederbördsintensitet - en klimatologisk analys. Rapport R18:1979, Byggforskningen, 33pp.
    • Dahlström, B.1
  • 18
    • 79251470202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regnintensitet i Sverige - en klimatologisk analys. VA-Forsk rapport Nr 2006-26. Svenskt Vatten, Stockholm, Sweden, 2006
    • Dahlström B. Regnintensitet i Sverige - en klimatologisk analys. VA-Forsk rapport Nr 2006-26. Svenskt Vatten, Stockholm, Sweden, 2006, 69pp.
    • Dahlström, B.1
  • 19
    • 79251487612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional flood and storm hazard assessment. IH report No. 102. Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford, UK 1989
    • Dales M.Y. & Reed D.W. Regional flood and storm hazard assessment. IH report No. 102. Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford, UK 1989, 159pp.
    • Dales, M.Y.1    Reed, D.W.2
  • 20
    • 0037032071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A knowledge-based approach to the statistical mapping of climate
    • Daly C., Gibson W.P., Taylor G.H. & Pasteris P. A knowledge-based approach to the statistical mapping of climate. Climate Res 2002, 23, 99-113.
    • (2002) Climate Res , vol.23 , pp. 99-113
    • Daly, C.1    Gibson, W.P.2    Taylor, G.H.3    Pasteris, P.4
  • 21
    • 0002292236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Applied Climatology, American Meteorological Society, Reno, Nevada, 20-23 October 1997
    • Boston, MA: American Metrorological Society Available at .
    • Daly C., Taylor G. & Gibson W. The PRISM approach to mapping precipitation and temperature. Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Applied Climatology, American Meteorological Society, Reno, Nevada, 20-23 October 1997, Boston, MA: American Metrorological Society, 1997, 10-12. Available at .
    • (1997) The PRISM approach to mapping precipitation and temperature , pp. 10-12
    • Daly, C.1    Taylor, G.2    Gibson, W.3
  • 22
    • 79251524371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defra. The document "Floods and Reservoir Safety (FEH/FSR) - Revised Guidance for Panel Engineers" is available on request through (accessed 24 May 2010).
    • Defra. The document "Floods and Reservoir Safety (FEH/FSR) - Revised Guidance for Panel Engineers" is available on request through (accessed 24 May 2010).
  • 23
    • 0017544601 scopus 로고
    • Rainfall intensity - frequency relationships from monthly extremes
    • Dickinson T. Rainfall intensity - frequency relationships from monthly extremes. J Hydrol 1977, 35, 137-145.
    • (1977) J Hydrol , vol.35 , pp. 137-145
    • Dickinson, T.1
  • 24
    • 79251500435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of rare design rainfalls for Western Australia: Application of the CRC-FORGE method. Surface Water Hydrology Report Series, Report No. HY17, Department of Environment, Government of Western Australia, December 2004
    • Durrant J. & Bowman S. Estimation of rare design rainfalls for Western Australia: Application of the CRC-FORGE method. Surface Water Hydrology Report Series, Report No. HY17, Department of Environment, Government of Western Australia, December 2004, 121pp.
    • Durrant, J.1    Bowman, S.2
  • 25
    • 79251506755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DWD. Overview of extreme value statistics as a function of the reoccurrence interval in years (T). Slide presentation, Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) - Department of Hydrometeorology, 29 November 2005, Courtesy of Dr Rudolf Bruno, DWD.
    • DWD. Overview of extreme value statistics as a function of the reoccurrence interval in years (T). Slide presentation, Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) - Department of Hydrometeorology, 29 November 2005, Courtesy of Dr Rudolf Bruno, DWD.
  • 26
    • 44649083844 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of flood frequency
    • Eagleson P.S. Dynamics of flood frequency. Water Resour Res 1972, 8, (4), 878-898.
    • (1972) Water Resour Res , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 878-898
    • Eagleson, P.S.1
  • 27
    • 79251497124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EC. National Climate Data and Information Archive: Products and Services, 2010. Available at (accessed 24 May 2010).
    • EC. National Climate Data and Information Archive: Products and Services, 2010. Available at (accessed 24 May 2010).
  • 28
    • 35348959273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flood Estimation Handbook, Vol. 2: Rainfall frequency estimation
    • Wallingford, UK: Institute of Hydrology
    • Faulkner D. Flood Estimation Handbook, Vol. 2: Rainfall frequency estimation. Wallingford, UK: Institute of Hydrology, 1999, 110pp.
    • (1999) , pp. 110
    • Faulkner, D.1
  • 29
    • 0032445105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping an index of extreme rainfall across the UK
    • Faulkner D.S. & Prudhomme C. Mapping an index of extreme rainfall across the UK. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci 1998, 2, 183-194.
    • (1998) Hydrol Earth Syst Sci , vol.2 , pp. 183-194
    • Faulkner, D.S.1    Prudhomme, C.2
  • 30
    • 79251497776 scopus 로고
    • Riktlinjer för bestämning av dimensionerande flöden för dammanläggningar. Slutrapport från Flödeskommittén (Statens Vattenfallsverk, Svenska Kraftverksföreningen, SMHI)
    • Flödeskommittén. Norrköping, Sweden: Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute,
    • Flödeskommittén. Riktlinjer för bestämning av dimensionerande flöden för dammanläggningar. Slutrapport från Flödeskommittén (Statens Vattenfallsverk, Svenska Kraftverksföreningen, SMHI). Norrköping, Sweden: Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 1990.
    • (1990)
  • 31
    • 79251488253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FRCOLD. Design flood determination by the gradex method. French Committee on Large Dams (FRCOLD), November 1994.
    • FRCOLD. Design flood determination by the gradex method. French Committee on Large Dams (FRCOLD), November 1994.
  • 32
    • 79251508983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some tools for hydrometeorologists. Preprints, 2nd Conference Hydrometeorology, American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, 79-82, 1977.
    • Hershfield D.M. Some tools for hydrometeorologists. Preprints, 2nd Conference Hydrometeorology, American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, 79-82, 1977.
    • Hershfield, D.M.1
  • 33
    • 0003965043 scopus 로고
    • Rainfall frequency atlas for Canada. Canadian Climate Programme
    • Ottawa, Canada: Supply and Services Canada, Canadian Government Publishing Centre,
    • Hogg W.D. & Carr D.A. Rainfall frequency atlas for Canada. Canadian Climate Programme. Ottawa, Canada: Supply and Services Canada, Canadian Government Publishing Centre, 1985.
    • (1985)
    • Hogg, W.D.1    Carr, D.A.2
  • 34
    • 79251523260 scopus 로고
    • Rainfall intensity-duration frequency values for Canadian locations
    • Downsview, Ontario: Environment Canada, Atmospheric Environment Service,
    • Hogg W.D., Carr D.A. & Routledge B. Rainfall intensity-duration frequency values for Canadian locations. Downsview, Ontario: Environment Canada, Atmospheric Environment Service, 1989.
    • (1989)
    • Hogg, W.D.1    Carr, D.A.2    Routledge, B.3
  • 35
    • 0003945591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional frequency analysis, an approach based on L-moment
    • Cambridge University Press
    • Hosking J.R.M. & Wallis J.R. Regional frequency analysis, an approach based on L-moment. Cambridge University Press, 1997, 224pp.
    • (1997) , pp. 224
    • Hosking, J.R.M.1    Wallis, J.R.2
  • 36
    • 0022113451 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the generalized extreme-value distribution by the method of probability-weighted moments
    • Hosking J.R.M., Wallis J.R. & Wood E.F. (1985). Estimation of the generalized extreme-value distribution by the method of probability-weighted moments. Technometrics, 27, (3), 251-261.
    • (1985) Technometrics , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 251-261
    • Hosking, J.R.M.1    Wallis, J.R.2    Wood, E.F.3
  • 37
    • 0029502915 scopus 로고
    • Interpolating mean rainfall using thin plate smoothing splines
    • Hutchinson M.F. (1995). Interpolating mean rainfall using thin plate smoothing splines. Int J Geographical Informat Syst, 9, 385-403.
    • (1995) Int J Geographical Informat Syst , vol.9 , pp. 385-403
    • Hutchinson, M.F.1
  • 38
    • 0003566531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ANUSPLIN Version 4.1 User Guide
    • Canberra, Australia: Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, The Australian National University,
    • Hutchinson M.F. ANUSPLIN Version 4.1 User Guide. Canberra, Australia: Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, The Australian National University, 2000.
    • (2000)
    • Hutchinson, M.F.1
  • 39
    • 79251477293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Floods and reservoir safety
    • ICE , 3rd ed, London: Publ. by Thomas Telford for the Institution of Civil Engineers
    • ICE. (1996). Floods and reservoir safety, 3rd ed, London: Publ. by Thomas Telford for the Institution of Civil Engineers, 63pp.
    • (1996) , pp. 63
  • 40
    • 0344849576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plotting positions via maximum-likelihood for a non-standard situation
    • Jones D.A. (1997). Plotting positions via maximum-likelihood for a non-standard situation. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci, 1, 357-366.
    • (1997) Hydrol Earth Syst Sci , vol.1 , pp. 357-366
    • Jones, D.A.1
  • 41
    • 0031409210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of the statistical characteristics of extreme rainfall values in the French Alps
    • article in French).
    • Kieffer A. & Bois P. Variability of the statistical characteristics of extreme rainfall values in the French Alps. Rev Sci Eau 1997, 10, (2), 199-216. (article in French).
    • (1997) Rev Sci Eau , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 199-216
    • Kieffer, A.1    Bois, P.2
  • 42
    • 79251506754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proceedings of the BHS Third International Symposium Role of hydrology in managing consequences of a changing global environment, Newcastle, 19-23 July 2010
    • Great Britain: British Hydrological Society (in press).
    • Kjeldsen T.R., Svensson C. & Jones D. A joint probability approach to flood estimation using Monte Carlo simulation. Proceedings of the BHS Third International Symposium Role of hydrology in managing consequences of a changing global environment, Newcastle, 19-23 July 2010. Great Britain: British Hydrological Society (in press)2010.
    • (2010) A joint probability approach to flood estimation using Monte Carlo simulation
    • Kjeldsen, T.R.1    Svensson, C.2    Jones, D.3
  • 43
    • 0022767808 scopus 로고
    • Dilettantism in hydrology
    • Water Resour Res
    • Klemeš V. Dilettantism in hydrology: transition or destiny? Water Resour Res 1986, 22, (9), 177S-188S.
    • (1986) transition or destiny? , vol.22 , Issue.9
    • Klemeš, V.1
  • 44
    • 0024053127 scopus 로고
    • A hydrological perspective
    • Klemeš V. A hydrological perspective. J Hydrol 1988, 100, 3-28.
    • (1988) J Hydrol , vol.100 , pp. 3-28
    • Klemeš, V.1
  • 45
    • 0002869975 scopus 로고
    • Hydrology of disasters. Proceedings of the World Meteorological Organization Tech. Conference, Geneva, November 1988
    • In: Ö. Starosolszky & O.M. Melder, eds. London: James and James
    • Klemeš V. The improbable probabilities of extreme floods and droughts. In: Ö. Starosolszky & O.M. Melder, eds. Hydrology of disasters. Proceedings of the World Meteorological Organization Tech. Conference, Geneva, November 1988. London: James and James, 1989, 43-51.
    • (1989) The improbable probabilities of extreme floods and droughts , pp. 43-51
    • Klemeš, V.1
  • 46
    • 0027846424 scopus 로고
    • Extreme hydrological events: precipitation, floods and droughts, Proceedings of the Yokohama Symposium, July 1993. IAHS Publ. no. 213
    • In: Z.W. Kundzewicz, D. Rosbjerg, S.P. Sinomovic, K. Takeuchi, eds. Wallingford: IAHS Press
    • Klemeš V. Probability of extreme hydrometeorological events - a different approach. In: Z.W. Kundzewicz, D. Rosbjerg, S.P. Sinomovic, K. Takeuchi, eds. Extreme hydrological events: precipitation, floods and droughts, Proceedings of the Yokohama Symposium, July 1993. IAHS Publ. no. 213. Wallingford: IAHS Press, 1993, 167-176.
    • (1993) Probability of extreme hydrometeorological events - a different approach , pp. 167-176
    • Klemeš, V.1
  • 47
    • 79251530872 scopus 로고
    • Proceedings of the BHS 5th National Hydrology Symposium, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, 4-7 September 1995
    • In: A.R. Black, amp; R.C. Johnson, eds. Great Britain: British Hydrological Society
    • Lowing M.J. & Law F.M. Reconciling flood frequency curves with the Probable Maximum Flood. In: A.R. Black, & R.C. Johnson, eds. Proceedings of the BHS 5th National Hydrology Symposium, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, 4-7 September 1995. Great Britain: British Hydrological Society, 1995, 3.37-3.44.
    • (1995) Reconciling flood frequency curves with the Probable Maximum Flood , pp. 337-344
    • Lowing, M.J.1    Law, F.M.2
  • 49
    • 0030619011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of annual maximum series and partial duration series methods for modeling extreme hydrologic events
    • Water Resour Res
    • Madsen H., Rasmussen P.F. & Rosbjerg D. Comparison of annual maximum series and partial duration series methods for modeling extreme hydrologic events: 1. At-site modeling. Water Resour Res 1997, 33, (4), 747-757.
    • (1997) 1. At-site modeling , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 747-757
    • Madsen, H.1    Rasmussen, P.F.2    Rosbjerg, D.3
  • 50
    • 79251472536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Fiche méthode durées de retour". Annex to CLIMATHÈQUE user manual, version 1.2
    • Météo-France. Toulouse, France: Direction de la Climatologie, Météo-France,
    • Météo-France. "Fiche méthode durées de retour". Annex to CLIMATHÈQUE user manual, version 1.2. Toulouse, France: Direction de la Climatologie, Météo-France, 2007.
    • (2007)
  • 51
    • 79251471855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Météo-France. Bienvenue dans la "Climathèque". Available at (accessed 24 May 2010).
    • Météo-France. Bienvenue dans la "Climathèque". Available at (accessed 24 May 2010).
  • 52
    • 79251515869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of extreme rainfalls for Victoria using the CRC-FORGE method (for rainfall durations 24 to 72 hours). Report 97/4, May 1997. Cooperative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
    • Nandakumar N., Weinmann P.E., Mein R.G. & Nathan R.J. Estimation of extreme rainfalls for Victoria using the CRC-FORGE method (for rainfall durations 24 to 72 hours). Report 97/4, May 1997. Cooperative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia, 118pp.
    • Nandakumar, N.1    Weinmann, P.E.2    Mein, R.G.3    Nathan, R.J.4
  • 53
    • 79251490465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proceedings of the Hydro 2000 - Interactive Hydrology, 3rd International Hydrology & Water Resources Symposium, Perth, 20-23 November 2000
    • Australia: Institution of Engineers Australia
    • Nandakumar N., Weinmann P.E., Mein R.G. & Nathan R.J. Estimation of spatial dependence for the CRC-FORGE method. Proceedings of the Hydro 2000 - Interactive Hydrology, 3rd International Hydrology & Water Resources Symposium, Perth, 20-23 November 2000. Australia: Institution of Engineers Australia, 2000, 553-557.
    • (2000) Estimation of spatial dependence for the CRC-FORGE method , pp. 553-557
    • Nandakumar, N.1    Weinmann, P.E.2    Mein, R.G.3    Nathan, R.J.4
  • 54
    • 79251528320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NERC. Flood Studies Report (five volumes). Natural Environment Research Council, UK, 1975.
    • NERC. Flood Studies Report (five volumes). Natural Environment Research Council, UK, 1975.
  • 55
    • 79251499796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note
    • NIWA. Climate - Our Services. Available at (accessed 24 May 2010).
  • 56
    • 79251488879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NOAA. Welcome to the Hydrometeorological Design Studies Center (HDSC), 2009. Available at (accessed 24 May 2010).
    • NOAA. Welcome to the Hydrometeorological Design Studies Center (HDSC), 2009. Available at (accessed 24 May 2010).
  • 59
    • 0037196227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte Carlo simulation of flood frequency curves from rainfall
    • Rahman A., Weinmann P.E., Hoang T.M.T. & Laurenson E.M. Monte Carlo simulation of flood frequency curves from rainfall. J Hydrol 2002, 256, 196-210.
    • (2002) J Hydrol , vol.256 , pp. 196-210
    • Rahman, A.1    Weinmann, P.E.2    Hoang, T.M.T.3    Laurenson, E.M.4
  • 60
    • 0032847444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The FORGEX method of rainfall growth estimation - II
    • Hydrol Earth Syst Sci
    • Reed D.W., Faulkner D.S. & Stewart E.J. The FORGEX method of rainfall growth estimation - II: description. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci 1999, 3, 197-203.
    • (1999) description , vol.3 , pp. 197-203
    • Reed, D.W.1    Faulkner, D.S.2    Stewart, E.J.3
  • 61
    • 79251474469 scopus 로고
    • Proceedings of the 2nd National Hydrology Symposium, Sheffield, UK, September 1989
    • Great Britain: British Hydrological Society
    • Reed D.W. & Stewart E.J. Focus on rainfall growth estimation. Proceedings of the 2nd National Hydrology Symposium, Sheffield, UK, September 1989. Great Britain: British Hydrological Society, 1989, 3.57-3.65.
    • (1989) Focus on rainfall growth estimation , pp. 357-365
    • Reed, D.W.1    Stewart, E.J.2
  • 62
    • 79251474810 scopus 로고
    • Statistics for the environment 2: Water related issues
    • In: V. Barnett & K.F. Turkman, eds. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons
    • Reed D.W. & Stewart E.J. Inter-site and inter-duration dependence in rainfall extremes. In: V. Barnett & K.F. Turkman, eds. Statistics for the environment 2: Water related issues. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons, 1994, 125-143.
    • (1994) Inter-site and inter-duration dependence in rainfall extremes , pp. 125-143
    • Reed, D.W.1    Stewart, E.J.2
  • 63
    • 79251508437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A technique to interpolate frequency curves between frequent events and probable maximum events. Report 98/9, December 1998. Cooperative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
    • Siriwardena L. & Weinmann P.E. A technique to interpolate frequency curves between frequent events and probable maximum events. Report 98/9, December 1998. Cooperative Research Centre for Catchment Hydrology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia, 55pp.
    • Siriwardena, L.1    Weinmann, P.E.2
  • 64
    • 79251501755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and evaluation of techniques for estimating short duration design rainfall in South Africa. WRC Report No. 681/1/00, Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa, 2000
    • Smithers J.C. & Schulze R.E. Development and evaluation of techniques for estimating short duration design rainfall in South Africa. WRC Report No. 681/1/00, Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa, 2000, 356pp.
    • Smithers, J.C.1    Schulze, R.E.2
  • 65
    • 79251502101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design rainfall and flood estimation in South Africa. WRC Report No. 1060/1/03, Water Research Commission, Gezina, South Africa, 2003
    • Smithers J.C. & Schulze R.E. Design rainfall and flood estimation in South Africa. WRC Report No. 1060/1/03, Water Research Commission, Gezina, South Africa, 2003, 156pp.
    • Smithers, J.C.1    Schulze, R.E.2
  • 66
    • 79251510329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proceedings of the British Hydrological Society's conference "Hydrology: Science & Practice for the 21st Century", Vol. 1. London, July 2004
    • In: B. Webb, ed. Great Britain: British Hydrological Society
    • Smithers J.C. & Schulze R.E. The estimation of design rainfalls for South Africa using a regional scale invariant approach. In: B. Webb, ed. Proceedings of the British Hydrological Society's conference "Hydrology: Science & Practice for the 21st Century", Vol. 1. London, July 2004. Great Britain: British Hydrological Society, 2004, 221-228.
    • (2004) The estimation of design rainfalls for South Africa using a regional scale invariant approach , pp. 221-228
    • Smithers, J.C.1    Schulze, R.E.2
  • 68
    • 79251478517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reservoir safety - Long return period rainfall. Draft final report to Defra, project WS194/2/39 (Reservoir Safety - Long Return Period Rainfall), Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, July 2009.
    • Stewart E.J., Jones D.A., Svensson C., Morris. D.G., Dempsey P., Dent J.E., Collier C.G. & Anderson C.A. Reservoir safety - Long return period rainfall. Draft final report to Defra, project WS194/2/39 (Reservoir Safety - Long Return Period Rainfall), Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, July 2009.
    • Stewart, E.J.1    Jones, D.A.2    Svensson, C.3    Morris, D.G.4    Dempsey, P.5    Dent, J.E.6    Collier, C.G.7    Anderson, C.A.8
  • 69
    • 77955732869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of methods for deriving areal reduction factors
    • doi: DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-318X.2010.01075.x.
    • Svensson C. & Jones D.A. Review of methods for deriving areal reduction factors. J Flood Risk Manag 2010, 3(3), 232-245. doi: DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-318X.2010.01075.x.
    • (2010) J Flood Risk Manag , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 232-245
    • Svensson, C.1    Jones, D.A.2
  • 70
    • 0021091934 scopus 로고
    • Extreme value analysis in meteorology
    • Tabony R.C. Extreme value analysis in meteorology. Met Mag 1983, 112, 77-98.
    • (1983) Met Mag , vol.112 , pp. 77-98
    • Tabony, R.C.1
  • 71
    • 62849092775 scopus 로고
    • HIRDS (manual and software)
    • Wellington, New Zealand: National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research,
    • Thompson C.S. HIRDS (manual and software). Wellington, New Zealand: National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, 1992.
    • (1992)
    • Thompson, C.S.1
  • 72
    • 27644444909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proceedings of the International Conference on Flood Estimation, Bern, Switzerland, 6-8 March 2002
    • In: M. Spreafico & R. Weingartner, eds. Lelystad, Netherlands: International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine basin
    • Thompson C.S. The high intensity rainfall design system: HIRDS. In: M. Spreafico & R. Weingartner, eds. Proceedings of the International Conference on Flood Estimation, Bern, Switzerland, 6-8 March 2002. Lelystad, Netherlands: International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine basin, 2002, 273-282.
    • (2002) The high intensity rainfall design system: HIRDS , pp. 273-282
    • Thompson, C.S.1
  • 73
    • 79251503063 scopus 로고
    • Extrem arealnederbörd i Sverige 1881-1988. SMHI Metorologi Nr 76
    • Norrköping, Sweden: Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute,
    • Vedin H. & Eriksson B. Extrem arealnederbörd i Sverige 1881-1988. SMHI Metorologi Nr 76. Norrköping, Sweden: Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 1988.
    • (1988)
    • Vedin, H.1    Eriksson, B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.