메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 211, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 1089-1102

Apollo 12 Lunar Module exhaust plume impingement on Lunar Surveyor III

Author keywords

Cratering; Experimental techniques; Impact processes; Moon, Surface

Indexed keywords


EID: 79151476373     PISSN: 00191035     EISSN: 10902643     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.11.013     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (97)

References (41)
  • 1
    • 79151477186 scopus 로고
    • Particle impact and optical property analysis of the surfaces of Surveyor 3 materials. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC.
    • Anderson, D.L., Cunningham, B.E., Dahms, R.G., Morgan, R.G., 1972. Particle impact and optical property analysis of the surfaces of Surveyor 3 materials. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC, pp. 76-89.
    • (1972) , pp. 76-89
    • Anderson, D.L.1    Cunningham, B.E.2    Dahms, R.G.3    Morgan, R.G.4
  • 2
    • 79151482183 scopus 로고
    • Part A, primary and secondary micrometeoroid impact rate on the lunar surface: A direct measurement. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC.
    • Brownlee, D.E., Bucher, W., Hodge, P., 1972. Part A, primary and secondary micrometeoroid impact rate on the lunar surface: A direct measurement. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC, pp. 143-151.
    • (1972) , pp. 143-151
    • Brownlee, D.E.1    Bucher, W.2    Hodge, P.3
  • 3
    • 0000749251 scopus 로고
    • Physical properties of the lunar surface
    • Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, Australia, G.H. Heiken, D.T. Vaniman, B.M. French (Eds.)
    • Carrier W.D., Olhoeft G.R., Mendell W. Physical properties of the lunar surface. Lunar Sourcebook, A User's Guide to the Moon 1991, 475-594. Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, Australia. G.H. Heiken, D.T. Vaniman, B.M. French (Eds.).
    • (1991) Lunar Sourcebook, A User's Guide to the Moon , pp. 475-594
    • Carrier, W.D.1    Olhoeft, G.R.2    Mendell, W.3
  • 4
    • 79151483523 scopus 로고
    • Lunar dust and radiation darkening of Surveyor 3 surfaces. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC.
    • Carroll, W.F., Blair Jr., P.M., 1972. Lunar dust and radiation darkening of Surveyor 3 surfaces. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC, pp. 23-29.
    • (1972) , pp. 23-29
    • Carroll, W.F.1    Blair Jr, P.M.2
  • 5
    • 4243090653 scopus 로고
    • Surveyor V: Lunar surface mechanical properties
    • Christensen E.M., et al. Surveyor V: Lunar surface mechanical properties. Science 1967, 158:637-640.
    • (1967) Science , vol.158 , pp. 637-640
    • Christensen, E.M.1
  • 6
    • 79151469161 scopus 로고
    • a. Experimental Investigation of Close-Range Rocket-Exhaust Impingement on Surfaces in a Vacuum, TN D-5895. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.
    • Clark, L.V., 1970a. Experimental Investigation of Close-Range Rocket-Exhaust Impingement on Surfaces in a Vacuum, TN D-5895. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.
    • (1970)
    • Clark, L.V.1
  • 7
    • 79051471688 scopus 로고
    • b. Effect of Retrorocket Cant Angle on Ground Erosion - A Scaled Viking Study. NASA TM X-2075, Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.
    • Clark, L.V., 1970b. Effect of Retrorocket Cant Angle on Ground Erosion - A Scaled Viking Study. NASA TM X-2075, Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.
    • (1970)
    • Clark, L.V.1
  • 8
    • 79151469915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lunar soil erosion physics for landing rockets on the Moon. In: Proceedings of the Joint Annual Meeting of LEAG-ICEUM-SRR, Cape Canaveral, FL, 4122 (abstract).
    • Clegg, R.N., Metzger, P.T., Huff, S., Roberson, L.B., 2008. Lunar soil erosion physics for landing rockets on the Moon. In: Proceedings of the Joint Annual Meeting of LEAG-ICEUM-SRR, Cape Canaveral, FL, 4122 (abstract).
    • (2008)
    • Clegg, R.N.1    Metzger, P.T.2    Huff, S.3    Roberson, L.B.4
  • 9
    • 79151480117 scopus 로고
    • Part E, results of examination of the returned Surveyor 3 samples for particulate impacts. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC.
    • Cour-Palais, B.G., 1972. Part E, results of examination of the returned Surveyor 3 samples for particulate impacts. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC, pp. 158-167.
    • (1972) , pp. 158-167
    • Cour-Palais, B.G.1
  • 10
    • 79151469064 scopus 로고
    • Results of the Surveyor III sample impact examination conducted at the Manned Spacecraft Center. Proc. Lunar Sci. Conf. 2.
    • Cour-Palais, B.G., Flaherty, R.E., High, R.W., Kessler, D.J., McKay, D.S., Zook, H.A., 1971. Results of the Surveyor III sample impact examination conducted at the Manned Spacecraft Center. Proc. Lunar Sci. Conf. 2, 2767-2780.
    • (1971) , pp. 2767-2780
    • Cour-Palais, B.G.1    Flaherty, R.E.2    High, R.W.3    Kessler, D.J.4    McKay, D.S.5    Zook, H.A.6
  • 11
    • 79151478808 scopus 로고
    • The Interaction of a Retro-Rocket Exhaust Plume with the Martian Environment. Research Department Memorandum RM-354, Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corp., Bethpage, NY.
    • Foreman, K.M., 1967. The Interaction of a Retro-Rocket Exhaust Plume with the Martian Environment. Research Department Memorandum RM-354, Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corp., Bethpage, NY.
    • (1967)
    • Foreman, K.M.1
  • 12
    • 79151478254 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of Soil Erosion Theory with Scaled LM Jet Erosion Tests. NASA CR-66704. TRW Systems Group, Redondo Beach, CA.
    • Hutton, R.E., 1968. Comparison of Soil Erosion Theory with Scaled LM Jet Erosion Tests. NASA CR-66704. TRW Systems Group, Redondo Beach, CA.
    • (1968)
    • Hutton, R.E.1
  • 14
    • 70349381960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apollo video photogrammetry estimation of plume impingement effects. In: Proceedings of Earth and Space 2008, 11th Biennial ASCE Aerospace Division International Conference on Engineering, Construction and Operations in Challenging Environments, Long Beach, CA, Paper No. 1.
    • Immer, C.D., Lane, J.E., Metzger, P.T., Clements, S., 2008. Apollo video photogrammetry estimation of plume impingement effects. In: Proceedings of Earth and Space 2008, 11th Biennial ASCE Aerospace Division International Conference on Engineering, Construction and Operations in Challenging Environments, Long Beach, CA, Paper No. 1.
    • (2008)
    • Immer, C.D.1    Lane, J.E.2    Metzger, P.T.3    Clements, S.4
  • 15
    • 37049228102 scopus 로고
    • Blowing of lunar soil by Apollo 12: Surveyor 3 evidence
    • Jaffe L.D. Blowing of lunar soil by Apollo 12: Surveyor 3 evidence. Science 1971, 171:798-799.
    • (1971) Science , vol.171 , pp. 798-799
    • Jaffe, L.D.1
  • 16
    • 79151478703 scopus 로고
    • Part I, blowing of lunar soil by Apollo 12: Surveyor 3 evidence. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC.
    • Jaffe, L.D., 1972. Part I, blowing of lunar soil by Apollo 12: Surveyor 3 evidence. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC, pp. 94-96.
    • (1972) , pp. 94-96
    • Jaffe, L.D.1
  • 17
    • 79151468785 scopus 로고
    • Lunar Dust Transport and Potential Interactions with Power System Components. NASA Contractor Report 4404. Sverdrup Technology, Inc., Brook Park, OH.
    • Katzan, C.M., Edwards, J.L., 1991. Lunar Dust Transport and Potential Interactions with Power System Components. NASA Contractor Report 4404. Sverdrup Technology, Inc., Brook Park, OH.
    • (1991)
    • Katzan, C.M.1    Edwards, J.L.2
  • 18
    • 79151486257 scopus 로고
    • Lunar soil erosion - Surveyor attitude control jets. In: Analysis of Surveyor Data. JPL Tech. Rept. 32-1443, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA.
    • Ko, H.-Y., Christensen, E.M., 1969. Lunar soil erosion - Surveyor attitude control jets. In: Analysis of Surveyor Data. JPL Tech. Rept. 32-1443, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, pp. 141-164.
    • (1969) , pp. 141-164
    • Ko, H.-Y.1    Christensen, E.M.2
  • 19
    • 79151470461 scopus 로고
    • Experimental Investigation of Jet Impingement on Surfaces of Fine Particles in a Vacuum Environment. NASA Technical Note D-2633. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.
    • Land, N.S., Clark, L.V., 1965. Experimental Investigation of Jet Impingement on Surfaces of Fine Particles in a Vacuum Environment. NASA Technical Note D-2633. NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.
    • (1965)
    • Land, N.S.1    Clark, L.V.2
  • 20
    • 79151486449 scopus 로고
    • Laboratory Simulation of Lunar Surface Erosion by Rockets, Institute of Environmental Sciences 13th Annual Technical Meeting Proceedings, Washington, DC.
    • Land, N.S., Conner, W., 1967. Laboratory Simulation of Lunar Surface Erosion by Rockets, Institute of Environmental Sciences 13th Annual Technical Meeting Proceedings, vol. 1, Washington, DC.
    • (1967) , vol.1
    • Land, N.S.1    Conner, W.2
  • 21
    • 79151482732 scopus 로고
    • Scaled Lunar Module Jet Erosion Experiments. Technical Note D-5051, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.
    • Land, N.S., Scholl, H.F., 1966. Scaled Lunar Module Jet Erosion Experiments. Technical Note D-5051, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.
    • (1966)
    • Land, N.S.1    Scholl, H.F.2
  • 22
    • 70349400899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lagrangian trajectory modeling of lunar dust particles. In: Proceedings of Earth and Space 2008, 11th Biennial ASCE Aerospace Division International Conference on Engineering, Construction and Operations in Challenging Environments, Long Beach, CA, Paper No. 3.
    • Lane, J.E., Metzger, P.T., Immer, C.D., 2008. Lagrangian trajectory modeling of lunar dust particles. In: Proceedings of Earth and Space 2008, 11th Biennial ASCE Aerospace Division International Conference on Engineering, Construction and Operations in Challenging Environments, Long Beach, CA, Paper No. 3.
    • (2008)
    • Lane, J.E.1    Metzger, P.T.2    Immer, C.D.3
  • 23
    • 78649880324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On rocket plume, lunar crater and lunar dust interactions. In: Proceedings of 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Conference, Orlando, FL, AIAA 2010-1161.
    • Liu, D.D., Yang, S., Wang, Z., Liu, H., Cai, C., Wu, D., 2010. On rocket plume, lunar crater and lunar dust interactions. In: Proceedings of 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Conference, Orlando, FL, AIAA 2010-1161.
    • (2010)
    • Liu, D.D.1    Yang, S.2    Wang, Z.3    Liu, H.4    Cai, C.5    Wu, D.6
  • 24
    • 70349400109 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of actual versus predicted lunar surface erosion caused by Apollo 11 descent engine
    • Mason C.C. Comparison of actual versus predicted lunar surface erosion caused by Apollo 11 descent engine. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 1970, 81:1807-1812.
    • (1970) Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. , vol.81 , pp. 1807-1812
    • Mason, C.C.1
  • 25
    • 78649264138 scopus 로고
    • An empirically derived erosion law and its application to lunar module landing
    • Mason C.C., Nordmeyer E.F. An empirically derived erosion law and its application to lunar module landing. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 1969, 80:1783-1788.
    • (1969) Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. , vol.80 , pp. 1783-1788
    • Mason, C.C.1    Nordmeyer, E.F.2
  • 26
    • 79051471687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landing plume effects. In: Mars Design Reference Architecture 5.0. NASA SP-2009-566-ADD. NASA, Washington, DC.
    • Metzger, P.T., Mueller, R.P., 2009. Landing plume effects. In: Mars Design Reference Architecture 5.0. NASA SP-2009-566-ADD. NASA, Washington, DC, pp. 234-248.
    • (2009) , pp. 234-248
    • Metzger, P.T.1    Mueller, R.P.2
  • 28
    • 70450159957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • b. Craters formed in granular beds by impinging jets of gas. In: Proceedings of Powders & Grains 2009, Golden, CO.
    • Metzger, P.T., Latta III, R.C., Schuler, J.M., Immer, C.D., 2009b. Craters formed in granular beds by impinging jets of gas. In: Proceedings of Powders & Grains 2009, Golden, CO, pp. 767-770.
    • (2009) , pp. 767-770
    • Metzger, P.T.1    Latta III, R.C.2    Schuler, J.M.3    Immer, C.D.4
  • 29
    • 78549269794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • c. ISRU implications of lunar and martian plume effects. In: Proceedings of 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Conference, Orlando, FL, AIAA 2009-1204.
    • Metzger, P.T., Li, X., Immer, C.D., Lane, J.E., 2009c. ISRU implications of lunar and martian plume effects. In: Proceedings of 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Conference, Orlando, FL, AIAA 2009-1204.
    • (2009)
    • Metzger, P.T.1    Li, X.2    Immer, C.D.3    Lane, J.E.4
  • 30
    • 85055817798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cratering and blowing soil by rocket engines during lunar landings
    • CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, H. Benaroya (Ed.)
    • Metzger P.T., Lane J.E., Immer C.D., Clements C. Cratering and blowing soil by rocket engines during lunar landings. Lunar Settlements 2010, 551-576. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. H. Benaroya (Ed.).
    • (2010) Lunar Settlements , pp. 551-576
    • Metzger, P.T.1    Lane, J.E.2    Immer, C.D.3    Clements, C.4
  • 31
    • 78649276175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • b. Scaling of erosion rate in subsonic jet experiments and Apollo Lunar Module landings. In: Proceedings of Earth and Space 2010, 12th Biennial ASCE Aerospace Division International Conference on Engineering, Construction and Operations in Challenging Environments, Honolulu, HI, Paper No
    • Metzger, P.T., Lane, J.E., Immer, C.D., Gamsky, J.N., Hauslein, W., Li, X., Latta III, R.C., Donahue, C.M., 2010b. Scaling of erosion rate in subsonic jet experiments and Apollo Lunar Module landings. In: Proceedings of Earth and Space 2010, 12th Biennial ASCE Aerospace Division International Conference on Engineering, Construction and Operations in Challenging Environments, Honolulu, HI, Paper No. 21.
    • (2010)
    • Metzger, P.T.1    Lane, J.E.2    Immer, C.D.3    Gamsky, J.N.4    Hauslein, W.5    Li, X.6    Latta III, R.C.7    Donahue, C.M.8
  • 32
    • 79151480791 scopus 로고
    • Summary and conclusions. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC.
    • Nickel, N.L., Carroll, W.F., 1972. Summary and conclusions. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC, pp. 9-13.
    • (1972) , pp. 9-13
    • Nickel, N.L.1    Carroll, W.F.2
  • 33
    • 68249149185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct active measurements of movements of lunar dust: Rocket exhausts and natural effects contaminating and cleansing Apollo hardware on the Moon in 1969
    • O'Brien B.J. Direct active measurements of movements of lunar dust: Rocket exhausts and natural effects contaminating and cleansing Apollo hardware on the Moon in 1969. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2009, 36:L09201.
    • (2009) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.36
    • O'Brien, B.J.1
  • 34
    • 0014855477 scopus 로고
    • Degradation of Apollo 11 deployed instruments because of lunar module ascent effects
    • O'Brien B.J., Freden S.C., Bates J.R. Degradation of Apollo 11 deployed instruments because of lunar module ascent effects. J. Appl. Phys. 1970, 41:4538-4541.
    • (1970) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.41 , pp. 4538-4541
    • O'Brien, B.J.1    Freden, S.C.2    Bates, J.R.3
  • 35
    • 52949121396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of lunar dust for toxicological studies. I: Particle size distribution
    • Park J., Liu Y., Kihm K.D., Taylor L.A. Characterization of lunar dust for toxicological studies. I: Particle size distribution. J. Aerospace Eng. 2008, 21(4):266-271.
    • (2008) J. Aerospace Eng. , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 266-271
    • Park, J.1    Liu, Y.2    Kihm, K.D.3    Taylor, L.A.4
  • 36
    • 79151471142 scopus 로고
    • The Action of a Hypersonic Jet on a Dust Layer. In: Institute of Aerospace Sciences 31st Annual Meeting, New York, IAS Paper No. 63-50.
    • Roberts, L., 1963. The Action of a Hypersonic Jet on a Dust Layer. In: Institute of Aerospace Sciences 31st Annual Meeting, New York, IAS Paper No. 63-50.
    • (1963)
    • Roberts, L.1
  • 37
    • 77958561887 scopus 로고
    • The interaction of a rocket exhaust with the lunar surface. In: The Fluid Dynamic Aspects of Space Flight, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York,
    • Roberts, L., 1966. The interaction of a rocket exhaust with the lunar surface. In: The Fluid Dynamic Aspects of Space Flight, vol. 2. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, pp. 269-290.
    • (1966) , vol.2 , pp. 269-290
    • Roberts, L.1
  • 38
    • 79151485081 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of dust on clear filter from returned Surveyor 3 television camera. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC
    • Robertson, D.M., Gafford, E.L., Tenny, H., Strebin Jr., R.S., 1972. Characterization of dust on clear filter from returned Surveyor 3 television camera. In: Analysis of Surveyor 3 Material and Photographs Returned by Apollo 12. NASA SP-284. NASA, Washington, DC, pp. 29-46.
    • (1972) , pp. 29-46
    • Robertson, D.M.1    Gafford, E.L.2    Tenny, H.3    Strebin Jr, R.S.4
  • 39
    • 79151480902 scopus 로고
    • Site Alteration Effects from Rocket Exhaust Impingement during a Simulated Viking Mars Landing. Part I - Nozzle Development and Physical Site Alteration. NASA Contractor Report CR-2252, Martin Marietta Corporation, Denver, CO.
    • Romine, G.L., Reisert, T.D., Gliozzi, J., 1973. Site Alteration Effects from Rocket Exhaust Impingement during a Simulated Viking Mars Landing. Part I - Nozzle Development and Physical Site Alteration. NASA Contractor Report CR-2252, Martin Marietta Corporation, Denver, CO.
    • (1973)
    • Romine, G.L.1    Reisert, T.D.2    Gliozzi, J.3
  • 40
    • 79151470103 scopus 로고
    • Apollo Program Soil Mechanics Experiment: Final Report. NASA-CR-144438. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.
    • Scott, R.F., 1975. Apollo Program Soil Mechanics Experiment: Final Report. NASA-CR-144438. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.
    • (1975)
    • Scott, R.F.1
  • 41
    • 85007677833 scopus 로고
    • Transient rocket-engine gas flow in soil
    • Scott R.F., Ko H.-Y. Transient rocket-engine gas flow in soil. AIAA J. 1968, 6(2):258-264.
    • (1968) AIAA J. , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 258-264
    • Scott, R.F.1    Ko, H.-Y.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.