Regulation of proteinases during mouse peri-implantation development: Urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression and cross talk with matrix metalloproteinase 9

Reproduction

Volumn 141, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 227-239

  Martinez Hernandez M G ^a,b   Baiza Gutman, L A ^a,b   Castillo Trapala A ^b   Armant, D Randall ^a,c  

^a WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO   (Mexico)

^c EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COLLAGEN TYPE 4; FIBRONECTIN; GELATINASE B; LAMININ; MESSENGER RNA; PLASMINOGEN; UROKINASE;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BLASTOCYST; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; EMBRYO; ENZYME ACTIVATION; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; TROPHOBLAST; ZYMOGRAPHY;

ANIMALS; BLASTOCYST; BLOTTING, WESTERN; EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; ENZYME ACTIVATION; FEMALE; FIBRINOLYSIN; FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL; MALE; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 9; MICE; MICE, INBRED C57BL; PLASMINOGEN; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA, MESSENGER; TROPHOBLASTS; UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR;

EID: 78951470297     PISSN: 14701626     EISSN: 17417899     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1530/REP-10-0334     Document Type: Article

References (91)

1. Aflalo ED, Sod-Moriah UA, Potashnik G & Har-Vardi I 2004 Differences in the implantation rates of rat embryos developed in vivo and in vitro: possible role for plasminogen activators. Fertility and Sterility 81 (Suppl 1) 780-785. (doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.014) (Pubitemid 38333060)
2. Aflalo ED, Sod-Moriah UA, Potashnik G & Har-Vardi I 2005 Expression of plasminogen activators in preimplantation rat embryos developed in vivo and in vitro. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 3 7. (doi:10.1186/1477-7827-3- 7)
3. Aflalo ED, Sod-Moriah UA, Potashnik G & Har-Vardi I 2007 EGF increases expression and activity of PAs in preimplantation rat embryos and their implantation rate. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 5 4. (doi:10.1186/1477-7827-5-4)
4. Afonso S, Romagnano L & Babiarz B 1997 The expression and function of cystatin C and cathepsin B and cathepsin L during mouse embryo implantation and placentation. Development 124 3415-3425.
5. Afonso S, Romagnano L & Babiarz B 1999 Expression of cathepsin proteinases by mouse trophoblast in vivo and in vitro. Developmental Dynamics 216 374-384. (doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0177(199912)216:4/5〈374::AID- DVDY6〉3.0.CO;2-N)
6. Alfano D, Franco P, Vocca I, Gambi N, Pisa V, Mancini A, Caputi M, Carriero MV, Iaccarino I & Stoppelli MP 2005 The urokinase plasminogen activator and its receptor: role in cell growth and apoptosis. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 93 205-211. (doi:10.1160/TH04-09-0592)
7. Armant DR 2005 Blastocysts don't go it alone. Extrinsic signals fine-tune the intrinsic developmental program of trophoblast cells. Developmental Biology 280 260-280. (doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.009)
8. Armant DR 2006 Blastocyst culture. In Placenta and Trophoblast Methods and Protocols, Methods in Molecular Medicine, pp 35-56. Eds MJ Soares & JS Hunt. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press.
9. Auman HJ, Nottoli T, Lakiza O, Winger Q, Donaldson S & Williams T 2002 Transcription factor AP-2gamma is essential in the extra-embryonic lineages for early postimplantation development. Development 129 2733-2747.
10. Axelrod HR 1985 Altered trophoblast functions in implantation-defective mouse embryos. Developmental Biology 108 185-190. (doi:10.1016/0012-1606(85) 90021-1)
11. Behrendtsen O & Werb Z 1997 Metalloproteinases regulate parietal endoderm differentiating and migrating in cultured mouse embryos. Developmental Dynamics 208 255-265. (doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0177(199702)208:2〈255::AID- AJA12〉3.0.CO;2-2) (Pubitemid 27068880)
12. Behrendtsen O, Alexander CM & Werb Z 1992 Metalloproteinases mediate extracellular matrix degradation by cells from mouse blastocyst outgrowths. Development 114 447-456.
13. Bonnefoy A & Legrand C 2000 Proteolysis of subendothelial adhesive glycoproteins (fibronectin, thrombospondin, and von Willebrand factor) by plasmin, leukocyte cathepsin G, and elastase. Thrombosis Research 98 323-332. (doi:10.1016/S0049-3848(99)00242-X)
14. Brenner CA, Adler RR, Rappolee DA, Pedersen RA & Werb Z 1989 Genes for extracellular-matrix-degrading metalloproteinases and their inhibitor, TIMP, are expressed during early mammalian development. Genes and Development 3 848-859. (doi:10.1101/gad.3.6.848)
15. Bugge TH, Flick MJ, Daugherty CC & Degen JL 1995 Plasminogen deficiency causes severe thrombosis but is compatible with development and reproduction. Genes and Development 9 794-807. (doi:10.1101/gad.9.7.794)
16. Caceres M, Tobar N, Guerrero J, Smith PC & Martinez J 2008 c-jun-NH2JNK mediates invasive potential and EGFR activation by regulating the expression of HB-EGF in a urokinase-stimulated pathway. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 103 986-993. (doi:10.1002/jcb.21469)
17. Carroll PM, Richards WG, Darrow AL, Wells JM & Strickland S 1993 Preimplantation mouse embryos express a cell surface receptor for tissue-plasminogen activator. Development 119 191-198.
18. Cassady AI, Stacey KJ, Nimmo KA, Murphy KM, von der Ahe D, Pearson D, Botteri FM, Nagamine Y & Hume DA 1991 Constitutive expression of the urokinase plasminogen activator gene in murine RAW264 macrophages involves distal and 5′ non-coding sequences that are conserved between mouse and pig. Nucleic Acids Research 19 6839-6847. (doi:10.1093/nar/19.24.6839)
19. Castellino FJ & Ploplis VA 2005 Structure and function of the plasminogen/plasmin system. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 93 647-654. (doi:10.1160/TH04-12-0842)
20. Chen L, Nakai M, Belton RJ Jr & Nowak RA 2007 Expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer and matrix metalloproteinases during mouse embryonic development. Reproduction 133 405-414. (doi:10.1530/rep.1.01020)
21. Cohen M, Meisser A & Bischof P 2006 Metalloproteinases and human placental invasiveness. Placenta 27 783-793. (doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2005.08. 006)
22. Das SK, Wang XN, Paria BC, Damm D, Abraham JA, Klagsbrun M, Andrews GK & Dey SK 1994 Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor gene is induced in the mouse uterus temporally by the blastocyst solely at the site of its apposition: a possible ligand for interaction with blastocyst EGF-receptor in implantation. Development 120 1071-1083.
23. Das SK, Yano S,Wang J, Edwards DR, Nagase H & Dey SK 1997 Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in the mouse uterus during the peri-implantation period. Developmental Genetics 21 44-54. (doi:10.1002/(SICI)1520-6408(1997)21:1〈44::AID-DVG5〉3.0.CO;2-8)
24. Dyer KD, Linz-Mcgillem LA, Alliegro MA & Alliegro MC 2002 Receptorbound uPA is reversibly protected from inhibition by low molecular weight inhibitors. Cell Biology International 26 327-335. (doi:10.1006/cbir. 2001.0859)
25. Ehnman M, Li H, Fredriksson L, Pietras K & Eriksson U 2009 The uPA/uPAR system regulates the bioavailability of PDGF-DD: implications for tumour growth. Oncogene 28 534-544. (doi:10.1038/onc.2008.410)
26. Ellis V, Scully MF & Kakkar VV 1987 Plasminogen activation by single-chain urokinase in functional isolation. A kinetic study. Journal of Biological Chemistry 262 14998-15003.
27. Ellis V, Behrendt N & Dano K 1991 Plasminogen activation by receptor-bound urokinase. A kinetic study with both cell-associated and isolated receptor. Journal of Biological Chemistry 266 12752-12758.
28. Farina AR, Tiberio A, Tacconelli A, Cappabianca L, Gulino A & Mackay AR 1996 Identification of plasminogen in Matrigel and its activation by reconstitution of this basement membrane extract. BioTechniques 21 904-909. (Pubitemid 26380360)
29. Fujiwara H 2007 Membrane-bound peptidases regulate human extravillous trophoblast invasion. Placenta 28 (Suppl A) S70-S75. (doi:10.1016/j.placenta. 2007.01.005)
30. Godar S, Horejsi V, Weidle UH, Binder BR, Hansmann C & Stockinger H 1999 M6P/IGFII-receptor complexes urokinase receptor and plasminogen for activation of transforming growth factor-β1. European Journal of Immunology 29 1004-1013. (doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199903)29: 03〈1004::AID- IMMU1004〉3.0.CO;2-Q)
31. Goldberg GI, Strongin A, Collier IE, Genrich LT & Marmer BL 1992 Interaction of 92-kDa type IV collagenase with the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases prevents dimerization, complex formation with interstitial collagenase, and activation of the proenzymewith stromelysin. Journal of Biological Chemistry 267 4583-4591.
32. Goldfinger LE, Stack MS & Jones JC 1998 Processing of laminin-5 and its functional consequences: role of plasmin and tissue-type plasminogen activator. Journal of Cell Biology 141 255-265. (doi:10.1083/jcb.141.1.255)
33. Gong Y, Hart E, Shchurin A & Hoover-Plow J 2008 Inflammatory macrophage migration requires MMP-9 activation by plasminogen in mice. Journal of Clinical Investigation 118 3012-3024. (doi:10.1172/JCI32750)
34. Guerrero J, Santibanez JF, Gonzalez A & Martinez J 2004 EGF receptor transactivation by urokinase receptor stimulus through a mechanism involving Src and matrix metalloproteinases. Experimental Cell Research 292 201-208. (doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2003.08.011)
35. Hantai D & Festoff BW 1987 Degradation of muscle basement membrane zone by locally generated plasmin. Experimental Neurology 95 44-55. (doi:10.1016/0014-4886(87)90005-7)
36. Harvey MB, Leco KJ, Arcellana-Panlilio MY, Zhang X, Edwards DR & Schultz GA 1995 Proteinase expression in early mouse embryos is regulated by leukaemia inhibitory factor and epidermal growth factor. Development 121 1005-1014.
37. van Hinsbergh VW, Engelse MA & Quax PH 2006 Pericellular proteases in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 26 716-728. (doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000209518.58252.17)
38. Hurtado M, Lozano JJ, Castellanos E, Lopez-Fernandez LA, Harshman K, Martinez AC, Ortiz AR, Thomson TM & Paciucci R 2007 Activation of the epidermal growth factor signalling pathway by tissue plasminogen activator in pancreas cancer cells. Gut 56 1266-1274. (doi:10.1136/gut.2006.097188)
39. Jessmon P, Leach RE & Armant DR 2009 Diverse functions of HBEGF during pregnancy. Molecular Reproduction and Development 76 1116-1127. (doi:10.1002/mrd.21066)
40. Knudsen BS, Silverstein RL, Leung LL, Harpel PC & Nachman RL 1986 Binding of plasminogen to extracellular matrix. Journal of Biological Chemistry 261 10765-10771.
41. Korner G, Bjornsson TD & Vlodavsky I 1993 Extracellular matrix produced by cultured corneal and aortic endothelial cells contains active tissue-type and urokinase-type plasminogen activators. Journal of Cellular Physiology 154 456-465. (doi:10.1002/jcp.1041540303)
42. Krystosek A & Seeds NW 1986 Normal and malignant cells, including neurons, deposit plasminogen activator on the growth substrata. Experimental Cell Research 166 31-46. (doi:10.1016/0014-4827(86)90506-9)
43. Kuckenberg P, Buhl S, Woynecki T, van Furden B, Tolkunova E, Seiffe F, Moser M, Tomilin A, Winterhager E & Schorle H 2010 The transcription factor TCFAP2C/AP-2gamma cooperates with CDX2 to maintain trophectoderm formation. Molecular and Cellular Biology 30 3310-3320. (doi:10.1128/MCB.01215-09)
44. Lee S, Jilani SM, Nikolova GV, Carpizo D & Iruela-Arispe ML 2005 Processing of VEGF-A by matrix metalloproteinases regulates bioavailability and vascular patterning in tumors. Journal of Cell Biology 169 681-691. (doi:10.1083/jcb.200409115)
45. Lefebvre O, Regnier C, Chenard MP, Wendling C, Chambon P, Basset P & Rio MC 1995 Developmental expression of mouse stromelysin-3 mRNA. Development 121 947-955.
46. Legrand C, Polette M, Tournier JM, de Bentzmann S, Huet E, Monteau M & Birembaut P 2001 uPA/plasmin system-mediated MMP-9 activation is implicated in bronchial epithelial cell migration. Experimental Cell Research 264 326-336. (doi:10.1006/excr.2000.5125)
47. Leksa V, Godar S, Schiller HB, Fuertbauer E, Muhammad A, Slezakova K, Horejsi V, Steinlein P,Weidle UH, Binder BR et al. 2005 TGF-β-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells mediated by M6P/IGFII-R and mini-plasminogen. Journal of Cell Science 118 4577-4586. (doi:10.1242/jcs.02587)
48. Lijnen HR 2002 Matrix metalloproteinases and cellular fibrinolytic activity. Biochemistry 67 92-98. (doi:10.1023/A:1013908332232)
49. Lijnen HR, Silence J, Van Hoef B & Collen D 1998 Stromelysin-1 (MMP-3)- independent gelatinase expression and activation in mice. Blood 91 2045-2053.
50. Lim HJ & Dey SK 2009 HB-EGF: a unique mediator of embryo - uterine interactions during implantation. Experimental Cell Research 315 619-626. (doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.07.025)
51. Liotta LA, Goldfarb RH, Brundage R, Siegal GP, Terranova V & Garbisa S 1981 Effect of plasminogen activator (urokinase), plasmin, and thrombin on glycoprotein and collagenous components of basement membrane. Cancer Research 41 4629-4636. (Pubitemid 12201384)
52. Liu Z & Armant DR 2004 Lysophosphatidic acid regulates murine blastocyst development by transactivation of receptors for heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. Experimental Cell Research 296 317-326. (doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.02.006)
53. Lucchesi PA, Sabri A, Belmadani S & Matrougui K 2004 Involvement of metalloproteinases 2/9 in epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation in pressure-induced myogenic tone in mouse mesenteric resistance arteries. Circulation 110 3587-3593. (doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000148780.36121.47)
54. Mackay AR, Gomez DE, Cottam DW, Rees RC, Nason AM & Thorgeirsson UP 1993 Identification of the 72-kDa (MMP-2) and 92-kDa (MMP-9) gelatinase/type IV collagenase in preparations of laminin and Matrigel. BioTechniques 15 1048-1051.
55. Mars WM, Jo M & Gonias SL 2005 Activation of hepatocyte growth factor by urokinase-type plasminogen activator is ionic strength-dependent. Biochemical Journal 390 311-315. (doi:10.1042/BJ20042028)
56. Marshall BC, Sageser DS, Rao NV, Emi M & Hoidal JR 1990 Alveolar epithelial cell plasminogen activator. Characterization and regulation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 265 8198-8204.
57. Matsuoka H, Sisson TH, Nishiuma T & Simon RH 2006 Plasminogen-mediated activation and release of hepatocyte growth factor from extracellular matrix. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 35 705-713. (doi:10.1165/rcmb.2006-0006OC)
58. Mazzieri R, Masiero L, Zanetta L, Monea S, Onisto M, Garbisa S & Mignatti P 1997 Control of type IV collagenase activity by components of the urokinase-plasmin system: a regulatory mechanism with cell-bound reactants. EMBO Journal 16 2319-2332. (doi:10.1093/emboj/16.9.2319) (Pubitemid 27258633)
59. McGuire PG & Seeds NW 1989 The interaction of plasminogen activator with a reconstituted basement membrane matrix and extracellular macromolecules produced by cultured epithelial cells. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 40 215-227. (doi:10.1002/jcb.240400210)
60. Moser TL, Enghild JJ, Pizzo SV & Stack MS 1993 The extracellular matrix proteins laminin and fibronectin contain binding domains for human plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator. Journal of Biological Chemistry 268 18917-18923. (doi:10.1002/jcb.240400210)
61. Naldini L, Vigna E, Bardelli A, Follenzi A, Galimi F & Comoglio PM 1995 Biological activation of pro-HGF (hepatocyte growth factor) by urokinase is controlled by a stoichiometric reaction. Journal of Biological Chemistry 270 603-611. (doi:10.1074/jbc.270.2.603)
62. Noel A, Maillard C, Rocks N, Jost M, Chabottaux V, Sounni NE, Maquoi E, Cataldo D & Foidart JM 2004 Membrane associated proteases and their inhibitors in tumour angiogenesis. Journal of Clinical Pathology 57 577-584. (doi:10.1136/jcp.2003.014472)
63. Ogawa K, Funaba M, Mathews LS & Mizutani T 2000 Activin A stimulates type IV collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase-2) production in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Journal of Immunology 165 2997-3003.
64. Olson MW, Bernardo MM, Pietila M, Gervasi DC, Toth M, Kotra LP, Massova I, Mobashery S & Fridman R 2000 Characterization of the monomeric and dimeric forms of latent and active matrix metalloproteinase-9. Differential rates for activation by stromelysin 1. Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 2661-2668. (doi:10.1074/jbc.275.4.2661)
65. Oozono S, Yamauchi N, Nishimura K, Matsumoto K, Watanabe R, Kubota K, Aramaki S, Sato F, Wood C, Soh T et al. 2008 Expression of rat uterine serine proteinases homologous to mouse implantation serine proteinase 2. Journal of Experimental Zoology 310B 642-649. (doi:10.1002/jez.b.21237)
66. Peters TJ, Albieri A, Bevilacqua E, Chapman BM, Crane LH, Hamlin GP, Seiki M & Soares MJ 1999 Differentiation-dependent expression of gelatinase B/matrix metalloproteinase-9 in trophoblast cells. Cell and Tissue Research 295 287-296. (doi:10.1007/s004410051235)
67. Quax PH, Grimbergen JM, Lansink M, Bakker AH, Blatter MC, Belin D, van Hinsbergh VW & Verheijen JH 1998 Binding of human urokinase-type plasminogen activator to its receptor: residues involved in species specificity and binding. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 18 693-701.
68. Reponen P, Leivo I, Sahlberg C, Apte SS, Olsen BR, Thesleff I & Tryggvason K 1995 92-kDa type IV collagenase and TIMP-3, but not 72-kDa type IV collagenase or TIMP-1 or TIMP-2, are highly expressed during mouse embryo implantation. Developmental Dynamics 202 388-396. (doi:10.1002/aja.1002020408)
69. Rijken DC & Lijnen HR 2009 New insights into the molecular mechanisms of the fibrinolytic system. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 7 4-13. (doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03220.x)
70. Rockwell LC, Pillai S, Olson CE & Koos RD 2002 Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor action blocks estrogen-induced uterine edema and implantation in rodents. Biology of Reproduction 67 1804-1810. (doi:10.1095/biolreprod.102.006700)
71. Roztocil E, Nicholl SM, Galaria II & Davies MG 2005 Plasmin-induced smooth muscle cell proliferation requires epidermal growth factor activation through an extracellular pathway. Surgery 138 180-186. (doi:10.1016/j.surg.2005. 06.014)
72. Salonen EM, Saksela O, Vartio T, Vaheri A, Nielsen LS & Zeuthen J 1985 Plasminogen and tissue-type plasminogen activator bind to immobilized fibronectin. Journal of Biological Chemistry 260 12302-12307.
73. Sappino AP, Huarte J, Belin D & Vassalli JD 1989 Plasminogen activators in tissue remodeling and invasion: mRNA localization in mouse ovaries and implanting embryos. Journal of Cell Biology 109 2471-2479. (doi:10.1083/jcb.109.5.2471) (Pubitemid 19282631)
74. Sellens MH & Sherman MI 1980 Effects of culture conditions on the developmental programme of mouse blastocysts. Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology 56 1-22.
75. Sharma N, Liu S, Tang L, Irwin J, Meng G & Rancourt DE 2006 Implantation serine proteinases heterodimerize and are critical in hatching and implantation. BMC Developmental Biology 6 61. (doi:10.1186/1471-213X-6-61)
76. Solberg H, Rinkenberger J, Dano K, Werb Z & Lund LR 2003 A functional overlap of plasminogen and MMPs regulates vascularization during placental development. Development 130 4439-4450. (doi:10.1242/dev.00642)
77. Stack S, Gonzalez-Gronow M & Pizzo SV 1990 Regulation of plasminogen activation by components of the extracellular matrix. Biochemistry 29 4966-4970. (doi:10.1021/bi00472a029)
78. Stack MS, Rinehart AR & Pizzo SV 1994 Comparison of plasminogen binding and activation on extracellular matrices produced by vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. European Journal of Biochemistry 226 937-943. (doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.00937.x)
79. Stahl A & Mueller BM 1995 The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, a GPI-linked protein, is localized in caveolae. Journal of Cell Biology 129 335-344. (doi:10.1083/jcb.129.2.335)
80. Strickland S, Reich E & Sherman MI 1976 Plasminogen activator in early embryogenesis: enzyme production by trophoblast and parietal endoderm. Cell 9 231-240. (doi:10.1016/0092-8674(76)90114-8)
81. Sun ZG, Shi HJ, Gu Z, Wang J & Shen QX 2007 A single intrauterine injection of the serine protease inhibitor 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonyl fluoride hydrochloride reversibly inhibits embryo implantation in mice. Contraception 76 250-255. (doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2007.05.084)
82. Tanaka H, Hojo K, Yoshida H, Yoshioka T & Sugita K 1993 Molecular cloning and expression of the mouse 105-kDa gelatinase cDNA. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 190 732-740. (doi:10.1006/bbrc.1993.1110)
83. Tanaka SS, Togooka Y, Sato H, Seiki M, Tojo H & Tachi C 1998 Expression and localization ofmembrane typematrix metalloproteinase-1 (MT1-MMP) in trophoblast cells of cultured mouse blastocysts and ectoplacental cones. Placenta 19 41-48. (doi:10.1016/S0143-4004(98)90097-2)
84. Tang L & Rancourt DE 2005 Murine implantation serine proteinases 1 and 2: structure, function and evolution. Gene 364 30-36. (doi:10.1016/j.gene. 2005.07.041)
85. Teesalu T, Blasi F & Talarico D 1996 Embryo implantation in mouse: fetomaternal coordination in the pattern of expression of uPA, uPAR, PAI-1 and α2MR/LRP genes. Mechanisms of Development 56 103-116. (doi:10.1016/0925- 4773(96)00515-1)
86. Uemura A, Nakamura M, Kachi S, Nishizawa Y, Asami T, Miyake Y & Terasaki H 2005 Effect of plasmin on laminin and fibronectin during plasmin-assisted vitrectomy. Archives of Ophthalmology 123 209-213. (doi:10.1001/archopht.123.2.209)
87. Vassalli JD & Belin D 1987 Amiloride selectively inhibits the urokinase-type plasminogen activator. FEBS Letters 214 187-191. (doi:10.1016/0014-5793(87)80039-X)
88. Whiteside EJ, Jackson MM, Herington AC, Edwards DR & Harvey MB 2001 Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 are key regulators of extracellular matrix degradation by mouse embryos. Biology of Reproduction 64 1331-1337. (doi:10.1095/biolreprod64.5.1331)
89. Yamamoto H, Flannery ML, Kupriyanov S, Pearce J, McKercher SR, Henkel GW, Maki RA, Werb Z & Oshima RG 1998 Defective trophoblast function in mice with a targeted mutation of Ets2. Genes and Development 12 1315-1326. (doi:10.1101/gad.12.9.1315)
90. Yehualaeshet T, O'Connor R, Green-Johnson J, Mai S, Silverstein R, Murphy-Ullrich JE & Khalil N 1999 Activation of rat alveolar macrophage-derived latent transforming growth factor β-1 by plasmin requires interaction with thrombospondin-1 and its cell surface receptor, CD36. American Journal of Pathology 155 841-851.
91. Zhang X, Shu MA, Harvey MB & Schultz GA 1996 Regulation of urokinase plasminogen activator production in implanting mouse embryo: effect of embryo interaction with extracellular matrix. Biology of Reproduction 54 1052-1058. (doi:10.1095/biolreprod54.5.1052)