30million years of Permian volcanism recorded in the Choiyoi igneous province (W Argentina) and their source for younger ash fall deposits in the Paraná Basin: SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology evidence

Gondwana Research

Volumn 19, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 509-523

  Rocha Campos, A C ^a   Basei, M A ^a   Nutman, A P ^b,c   Kleiman, Laura E ^d   Varela, R ^e   Llambias, E ^e   Canile, F M ^a   da Rosa, O de C R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

^b AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^c INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY   (China)

^d DEPARTAMENTO DE FÍSICA   (Argentina)

^e UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA PLATA   (Argentina)

Author keywords

Ash fall; Choiyoi volcanism; Paran Basin; Permian; SHRIMP ages

Indexed keywords

ASH FLOW; LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCE; LAVA FLOW; PERMIAN; SHRIMP DATING; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; TECTONIC SETTING; URANIUM-LEAD DATING; VOLCANISM; VOLCANOLOGY; ZIRCON;

PARANA BASIN;

EID: 78751703821     PISSN: 1342937X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2010.07.003     Document Type: Article

References (117)

1. Astini R.A. Las fases diastróficas del Paleozóico médio en Ia Precordillera del oeste argentino - Evidencias estratigráficas. Actas 1996, vol. 5:509-525.
2. Azcuy C.L., Carrizo H.A., Caminos R. Carbonífero y Pérmico de Ias Sierras Pampeanas, Famatina, Precordillera, Cordillera Frontal y Bloque de San Rafael. Geologia Argentina, Anales del Instituto de Geologia y Recursos Minerales 1999, 29:261-318.
3. Baldo E., Casquel C., Rapela C.W., Pankhurst R.J., Galindo C., Fanning C.M., Saavedra J. Ordovician metamorphism at the southwestern margin of Gondwana: P-T conditions and U-Pb SHRIMP ages from Loma de Ias Chacras, Sierras Pampeanas. Revista Comunicaciones 2001, vol. 52:146.
4. Bangert B., Lorenz V., Armstrong R.I. Bentonitic tuff horizons of the Permo-Carboniferous Dwyka Group in southern Africa - volcaniclastic deposits as ideal time markers. Journal of African Earth Sciences 1998, vol. 27:18-19. J. Almond, J. Anderson, P. Booth, A. Chisamy-Turan, A. Cole, M.J. De Wit, B. Rubidge, R. Smith, J. Van Bever Donker, B.C. Storey (Eds.).
5. Bangert B., Stolhofen H., Lorenz V., Armstrong R.I. The geochronology and significance of ash fall tuffs in the glacigenic, Carboniferous-Permian Dwyka Group of Namibia and South Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences 1999, 29:33-49.
6. Basei M.A.S., Rocha-Campos A.C., Nutman A. Idade e proveniência de zircões de rochas neopaleozóicas do Brasil: resultados preliminares. Boletim de Resumos 2004, 9.
7. Calarge L.M., Meunier A., Formoso M.L.L. A bentonite bed in Aceguá (RS, Brazil) and Melo (Uruguay) areas: a highly crystallized montmorillonite. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2003, 16:187-198.
8. Carey S.N. Modeling of tephra fallout from explosive eruptions. Monitoring and Mitigation of Volcano Hazards 1996, 429-462. Springer Verlag, Berlin. R. Scarpa, R. Tilting (Eds.).
9. Carey S., Sigurdsson H. Grain size of Miocene volcanic ash layers from sites 998,999 and 1000: implications for source areas and dispersal. Science Results 2000, vol. 165:101-113. R.M. Leckie, H. Sigurdsson, G.D. Acton, G. Drapper (Eds.).
10. Catuneanu O., Wopfner H., Eriksson P.G., Cairncross B., Rubidge B.S., Smith R.M.H., Hancox P.J. The Karoo basins of south-central Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences 2005, 43:211-253.
11. Cingolani C.A., Varela R. Rb-Sr isotopic age of the basement rocks of the San Rafael Block, Mendoza, Argentina. Extended Abstracts 1999, 23-26.
12. Cingolani, C.A., Basei, M.A.S., Llambías, E.J., Varela, R., Chemale Jr., F.; Siga Jr., O., Abreu, P., 2003. The Rodeo Bordalesa Tonalite, San Rafael Block (Argentina): geochemical and isotopic age constraints. X Congreso Geológico Chileno, Concepción. Actas (CD-ROM).
13. Cingolani C.A., Varela R., Abre P. Geocronologia Rb-Sr del stock Agua de Ia Chilena: magmatismo pérmico del Bloque de San Rafael, Mendoza. Actas 2005, vol. 1:95-100.
14. Compston W., Williams l.S., Meyer C. U-Pb geochronology of zircons from lunar breccia 73217 using a sensitive high mass-resolution ion microprobe. Journal of Geophysical Research 1984, 89:525-534. Supplement.
15. Cortes J.M., Kleiman L.E. La orogenia Sanrafaelica en los Andes de Mendoza. Actas 1999, 1-31.
16. Coutinho J.M.V., Hachiro J. Distribution, mineralogy, petrography, provenance and significance of Permian ash-carrying deposits in the Paraná Basin. Revista do Instituto de Geociências 2005, 5:29-39.
17. Coutinho J.M.V., Rodrigues E.P., Shiguemitsu A., de Oliveira M.C.B. "Ash fall" Permeano na Bacia do Paraná. Congreso Latinoamericano de Geologia, Buenos Aires: Resumenes 1982, 127.
18. Coutinho J.M.V., Hachiro J., Coimbra A.M., dos Santos P.R. Ash fall-derived vitroclastic tuffaceous sediments in the Permian of the Paraná Basin and their provenance. Proceedings 1991, 147-160. H. Ulbrich, A.C. Rocha-Campos (Eds.).
19. Cumming G.L., Richards J.R. Ore lead isotope ratios in a continuously changing Earth. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 1975, 28:155-171.
20. da Rosa O.de.C.R. Origem de depósitos de cinza vulcânica no neopaleozóico da Bacia do Paraná. Graduation Monograph, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo 2006, 33 pp.
21. De Wit, M.J., Jefery, M., Bergh, H. and Nicolaysen, I., 1988. Geological map of sectors of Gondwana: 2 map sheets, 1:10.000.000. American Association of Petroleum Geologists.
22. Dessanti R.N., Caminos R. Edades Potasio-Argon y posición estratigráfica de algunas rocas ígneas y metamórficas de Ia Cordillera Frontal y Sierras de San Rafael. Prov. de Mendoza. Revista de Ia Asociación Geológica Argentina 1967, 22:135-158.
23. Elliot D.H., Watts D.R. The nature and origin of volcaniclastic material in some Karoo and Beacon rocks. Transactions Geological Society of South Africa 1977, 77:109-111.
24. Espejo, l.S., 1990. Análisis estratigráfico paleoambiental y de proveniencia de Ia Formación El Imperial en los alrededores de los rios Diamante y Atuel (Província de Mendoza). Ph. D. Thesis, University of Buenos Aires, 383 pp.
25. Fabris de Matos, S.L., 1999. História deposicional e idade do intervalo portador de carvão da Formação Rio Bonito, Permiano da Bacia do Paraná no depósito de carvão Candiota, RS. Ph.D. Thesis, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 158 pp.
26. Fabris de Matos S.L., Yamamoto J.K., Hachiro J., Coimbra A.M. Tonsteins da Formação Rio Bonito no depósito de carvão Candiota, RS. Revista Brasileira de Geociências 2000, 30:679-684.
27. Fabris de Matos S.L., Yamamoto J.K., Riccomini C., Hachiro J., Tassinari C.C.J. Absolute dating of Permian ash fall in the Rio Bonito Formation, Paraná Basin, Brazil. Gondwana Research 2001, 4:421-426.
28. Fernandes M.T. Ocorrências de material vulcanoclástico na Formação Corumbataí (Neopaleozóico), Bacia do Paraná. Graduation Monograph, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo 2007, 39 pp.
29. Fildani A., Weislogel A., Drinkwater H.J., McHargue T., Tankard A., Wooden J., Hodgson D., Flint S. U-Pb zircon ages from the southwestern Karoo Basin, South Africa implications for the Permian-Triassic boundary. Geology 2010, 37:719-722.
30. Fischer R.V., Schmincke H.U. Pyroclastic Rocks 1984, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 472 pp.
31. Formoso M.L.L., Calarge L.M., Garcia A.J.V., Alves D.B., Gomes M.B., Misusaki A.M. Permian tonsteins from the Paraná Basin, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Proceedings 1997, 613-621.
32. Frank T.D., Birgenheier L.P., Montañez C.R., Fielding C.R., Rygel M.C. Late Paleozoic climate dynamics revealed by comparison of ice-proximal stratigraphic and ice-distal isotopic successions. The Geological Society of America, Special Paper 2008, vol. 441:331-342. C.R. Fielding, T.D. Frank, J.L. Isbell (Eds.).
33. Garcia Graciela B. Palinologia de la Formacion El Imperial, Paleozóico /superior, Cuenca San Rafael, Argentina. Parte I: esporas. Ameghiniana 1995, 32:315-339.
34. Garcia Graciela B. Palinologia de la Formacion El Imperial, Paleozoico Superior, Cuenca San Rafael, República Argentina. Parte II: granos de pólen, Incertae Sedis, Acritarcas. Ameghiniana 1996, 83:7-33.
35. Gonzalez Díaz E.F. Descripción geológica de Ia Hoja 27 d, San Rafael, Província de Mendoza. Boletin del Servicio Nacional Minero-Geologico 1972, 132:1-127.
36. Gradstein F.M., Ogg J.G., Smith A.G., Agterberg F.P., Bleeker W., Cooper R.A., Davydov V., Gibbard P., Hinnov L.A., House M.R., Lourens L., Luterbacher H.P., McArthur J., Melchin M.J., Robb L.J., Shergold J., Villeneuve M., Wardlaw B.R., Ali J., Brimkhuis H., Hilgen F.J., Hooker J., Howarth R.J., Knoll A.H., Laskar J., Monechi S., Plumb K.A., Powell J., Raffi L., Rõhl U., Sadler P., Sanfilippo A., Schmitz B., Shackleton N.J., Shields G.A., Strauss H., Van Dam J., van Kolfschoten T., Veizer J., Wilson D. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 2004, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 589 pp.
37. Groeber P. Observaciones geológicas a Io largo del meridiano 70° 1, Hoja Chos Malal. Revista de Ia Asociación Geológica Argentina 1948, 1:177-208.
38. Guerra-Sommer M., Santos J.O.S., Cazzulo-Klepzig M., Hartman L.A., Menegat R., McNaughton N.J. The geochronological significance of tonstein in coal-bearing strata from the Southern Paraná Basin, Brazil. Short Papers 2006, 254-257.
39. Guerra-Sommer M., Cazzulo-Klepzig M., Formoso M.L.L., Menegat R., Mendonça Filho J.G. U-Pb dating of tonstein layers from a coal succession of southern Paraná Basin ( Brazil): a new geological approach. Gondwana Research 2008, 14:474-482.
40. Guerra-Sommer M., Cazzulo-Klepzig M., Menegat R., Formoso M.L.L., Basei M.A.S., Barbosa E.G., Simas M.W. Geochronological data from Faxinal coal succession in southern Brazil. Preliminary approach combining radiometric U/Pb age and palynostratigraphy. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2008, 25:246-256.
41. Guerra-Sommer M., Cazzulo-Klepzig M., Santos J.O.S., Hartmann L.A., Ketzer J.F., Formoso M.L.L. Radiometric age determination of tonsteins and stratigraphic constraints for the Lower Permian coal succession in southern Paraná Basin, Brazil. International Journal of Coal Geology 2008, 74:13-27.
42. Hiltreth W., Drake R.E. Volcán Quizapu, Chilean Andes. Bulletin of Volcanology 1992, 54:93-125.
43. Huff W.D., Bergstrom S.M., Kolata D.R., Cingolani C.A., Astini R.A. Ordovician K-bentonites in the Argentine Precordillera: relations to Gondwana margin evolution. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 1998, vol. 142:107-126. R.I. Pankhurst, C.W. Rapella (Eds.).
44. Japas M.S., Kleiman L.E. El ciclo Choiyoi en el Bloque de San Rafael (Mendoza): de Ia orogénesis tardia a la relajación mecânica. Asociación Geológica Argentina, Serie D, Publicación Especial 2004, 7:89-100.
45. Karpeta W.P. Tuffs from the Permian Teekloof Formation (Beaufort Group) from Murraysburg and Aberdeen, Cape Province - their origin and alteration. South Africa Journal of Geology 1996, 99:51-67.
46. Kay S.M., Ramos V.A., Mpodozis C., Sruoga P. Late Paleozoic to Jurassic silicic magmatism at the Gondwana margin: analogy to the Middle Proterozoic in North America. Geology 1989, 17:324-328.
47. Kay S.M., Orrell S., Abbruzzi J.M. Zircon and whole rock Nd-Pb isotopic evidence for a Grenville age and a Laurentian origin for the basement of the Precordillera in Argentina. Journal of Petrology 1996, 104:637-648.
48. Keyser N., Zawada P.K. Two occurrences of ash-flow tuff in the lower Beaufort Group in the Heilbron-Frankfort area, northern Orange Free State. South African Journal of Geology 1988, 91:509-521.
49. Kleiman L.E. El volcanismo Permo-Triasico y Triasico del Bloque de San Rafael (Província de Mendoza): su potencial uranifero. Actas 1993, vol. 5:284-293.
50. Kleiman, L.E., 1999. Mineralogia y petrología del volcanismo permo-triásico y triásico del Bloque de San Rafael en el area de Sierra Pintada, Província de Mendoza y su relación con Ias mineralizaciones de urânio. Ph. D. Thesis, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 286 pp.
51. Kleiman L.E. Magmatism and tectonic evolution of the Choiyoi and Puesto Viejo volcanics (Late Paleozoic-Early Mesozoic) at 34°-35°S Latitude, San Rafael, Mendoza, Argentina. Actas 2002, vol. 2:15-16.
52. Kleiman L.E. Las ignimbritas Toba Vieja Gorda, una "secuencia intermédia monótona" del ciclo Choiyoi inferior, Bloque de San Rafael, Mendoza. Actas 2005, vol. 1:651-658.
53. Kleiman L.E., Japas M.S. The lower Choiyoi volcanic sequence at 34°-35°30'S, San Rafael, Mendoza, Argentina: evidence of active plate convergence. IGCP 436 Symposium: Pacific Margin of Gondwana. Gondwana XI, Christchurch 2002, 283-299.
54. Kleiman L.E., Japas M.S. The upper Choiyoi volcanism, San Rafael, Mendoza, Argentina: a transitional sequence emplaced under changing geodynamic conditions. Gondwana 12, Mendoza. Academia Nacional de Ciências de Argentina 2005, Abstracts, 218.
55. Kleiman L.E., Japas M.S. The Choiyoi volcanic province at 34°-36°S (San Rafael, Mendoza, Argentina): implications for the late Paleozoic evolution of the southwestern margin of Gondwana. Tectonophysics 2009, 473:283-299.
56. Larsson W. Vulkanische Asche Von Ausbruch des chilenischen Vulkans Quizapu (1932) in Argentina Gesammelt. Geologisches Institut Upsala. Bulletin 1937, 26:27-52.
57. Linares, E., 2007. Catálogo de edades radimétricas de Ia República Argentina. Años 1957-2005. Asociación Geológica Argentina, Serie F, Publicaciones en CD, 2 (ISSN 1666-3721).
58. Linares E., Manavela M., Piñeiro A. Geocronologia de Ias rocas efusivas de Ia zona de los yacimientos "Dr. Baulies" y "Los Reyunos", Sierra Pintada de San Rafael, Mendoza, República Argentina. Actas 1979, vol. 2:13-21.
59. Llambías E.J., Sato A.M. El Batolito de Colanguil: transición entre orogenesis y anorogenesis. Revista de Ia Asociación Geológica Argentina 1995, 50:23-32.
60. Llambías E.J., Kleiman L.E., Salvarredi J.A. El magmatismo gondwanico. Relatório 1993, vol. l:53-64. V.A. Ramos (Ed.).
61. Llambías E.J., Quenardelle S., Montenegro T. The Choiyoi Group from central Argentina: a subalkaline transitional to alkaline association in the craton adjacent to the active margin of the Gondwana continent. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2003, 16:243-257.
62. Llambías E.J., Leanza H.A., Carbone O. Evolución tectono-magmática durante el Pérmico al Jurásico temprano en la Cordillera del Viento (37°05'S-37°15'S): nuevas evidencias geológicas y geoquímicas del inicio de la cuenca Neuquina. Revista de Ia Asociación Geológica Argentina 2007, 62:217-235.
63. López-Gamundi O.R. Permian plate margin volcanism and tuffs in adjacent basins of west Gondwana: age constrains and common characteristics. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2006, 22:227-238.
64. López-Gamundi O.R., Rosselo E.A. Basin fill evolution and paleotectonic patterns along the Samfrau geosyncline: the Sauce Grande Basin-Ventana foldbelt (Argentina) and Karoo Basin-Cape Foldbelt (South Africa) revisited. Geologische Rundschau 1998, 86:819-834.
65. López-Gamundi O.R., Alvarez L., Andreis R., Bossi G., Espejo I., Fernandez-Seveso F., Legarreta I., Kokogian D., Limarino C. Cuencas intermontanas. Serie Correlación Geológica 1989, vol. 6:123-168. G.A. Chebli, L.A. Spalleti (Eds.).
66. Ludwig K.R. Using Isoplot/Ex (version 2.4). Berkeley Geochronology Center, Special Publications 2001, vol. 1:54.
67. Maynard J.B., Chocyk-Jaminski M., Gaynes R.R., Krekeler M.P., Propenko M., Summers A.M., Huff W.D. Bentonites in the Late Permian (Tatarian) Irati Formation of Brazil: geochemistry and potential for stratigraphic correlation. Abstracts with Program 1996, 280.
68. McClaren A.C., FitzGeralds J.D., Williams l.S. The microstructure of zircon and its influence on the age determination from Pb/U isotopic ratios measured by ion microprobe. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1994, 58:993-1005.
69. McLachlan l., Jonker J.P. Tuff beds in the northwestern part of the Karoo Basin. South African Journal of Geology 1990, 93:329-338.
70. Melchor R.N. Stratigraphic and biostratigraphic consequences of a new 40Ar/39Ar date for the base of the Cochicó Group (Permian), East Permian basin, San Rafael, Mendoza, Argentina. Ameghiniana 2000, 37:271-282.
71. Meza J.C. Interpretación geológica y potencial uranífero de La prolongación sur de La cuenca pérmica orientyal, Bloque de San Rafael, Mendoza, Argentina. XI Congreso Geológico Argentino, San Juan: Actas, III 1990, 177-180.
72. Meza J.C., Mazzoni M.M. Depósitos de flujos de detritos volcaniclásticos, en Ia Formación Yacimientos Los Reyunos (Pérmico), Sierra Pintada de San Rafael, Mendoza. XIII Congreso Geológico Argentino and III Congreso de Exploración de Hidrocarburos, Buenos Aires. Abstract 1996, 73.
73. Milani J.H., de Souza P.A., Fernandes L.A., França A.B. Bacia do Paraná. Boletim de Geociências da Petrobras 2007, 15:265-287.
74. Misusaki A.M.P., Formoso M.L.L., Alves D.B. Tephra layers in the southern portion of the South American continent. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 1999, 71:828-829.
75. Moreno Peral C.A., Salvarredi J.A. Interpretación del origen de Ias estructuras anticlinales del Permico inferior en el bloque de San Rafael, Província de Mendoza. Actas 1984, vol. 2:396-413.
76. Mpodosis C., Ramos V. The Andes of Chile and Argentina. Earth Science Series 1990, vol. 11:59-90. G.E. Ericksen (Ed.).
77. Mpodozis C., Kay S.M. Late Paleozoic to Triassic evolution of the Gondwana margin: evidence from Chilean Frontal Cordilleran batholits (21°S to 31°S). Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 1992, 104:177-180.
78. Navarro M.S., Andrade S., Ulbrich H., Gomes C.B., Girardi V.A.V. The direct determination of rare earth elements in basaltic and related rocks using ICP-MS: testing the efficiency of microwave oven sample decomposition procedures. Geostandards and Geonalytical Research 2008, 32:167-180.
79. Ninkovich D., Sparks R.S.J., Ledbetter M.T. The exceptional magnitude and intensity of the Toba eruption, Sumatra: an example of the use of deep-sea tephra layers as a geological tool. Bulletin of Volcanology 1978, 41:286-297.
80. Pankhurst R.J., Rapela C.W., Saavedra J., Baldo E., Dahlquist J., Pascua l., Fanning C.M. The Famatinian magmatic arc in the central Sierras Pampeanas: an Early to mid-Ordovician continental arc on the Gondwana margin. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 1998, vol. 142:343-367. R.J. Pankhurst, C.W. Rapela (Eds.).
81. Pazos P. Cyclostratigraphy during the Carboniferous glaciations in central western Argentina: glacial ageism and tectonic framework. Extended Abstracts 2007, 108-114.
82. Pearce J.A., Harris N.B.W., Tindle A.G. Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks. Journal of Petrology 1984, 25:956-983.
83. Pile D.M. The thickness, volume and grain size of tephra fall deposits. Bulletin of Volcanology 1989, 53:11-15.
84. Pile D.M. Assessment of the minimum volume of tephra fall deposits. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 1995, 69:379-382.
85. Ramos V.A., Jordan T., Allmendinger R., Kay S., Cortez J., Palma M. Chilenia: um terreno alóctone em Ia evolución paleozóica de los Andes Centrales. Actas 1984, vol. 2:84-106.
86. Ramos V.A., Jordan T., Allmendinger R., Mpodozis C., Kay S., Cortez J., Palma M. Paleozoic terranes of the central Argentina-Chilean Andes. Tectonics 1986, 5:855-880.
87. Ramos V.A., Dallmeyer R., Vujovich G.l. Time constrains on the Early Paleozoic docking of the Precordillera central Argentina. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 1998, vol. 142:143-158. R.J. Pankhurst, C.W. Rapela (Eds.).
88. Rapela C.W., Coira B., Toselli A., Saavedra J. The lower Paleozoic magmatism of southwestern Gondwana and the evolution of the Famatinian orogene. International Geology Review 1992, 34:1081-1142.
89. Rapela C.W., Pankhurst R.J., Casquet C., Baldo E., Saavedra J., Galindo C., Fanning M. The Pampean orogeny of the southern proto-Andes: Cambrian continental collision in the Sierras de Córdoba. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 1998, vol. 142:181-217. R.J. Pankhurst, C.W. Rapela (Eds.).
90. Rapela C.W., Pankhurst R.J., Baldo E., Casquet C., Galindo C., Fanning C.M., Saavedra J. Ordovician metamorphism in the Sierras Pampeanas: new U-Pb SHRIMP ages in central-east Valle Fértil and the Velasco Batholith. Extended Abstracts (CD) 2001, 616-619.
91. Rocha-Campos A.C., Basei M.A.S., da Rosa O.de.C.R., Canile F.M., Fernandes M.T. Calibração cronoestratigráfica da seqüência Permo-Carbonífera da Bacia do Paraná: problemas e perspectivas. Simpósio 40 anos de Geocronologia no Brasil, Centro de Pesquisas Geocronológicas, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo: Boletim de Resumos 2004, 8.
92. Rocha-Campos A.C., Basei M.A.S., Nutman A.P., dos Santos P.R. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochrological calibration of the late Paleozoic Supersequence, Paraná Basin, Brazil. Short Papers 2006, 298-301.
93. Rocha-Campos A.C., Basei M.A.S., Nutman A., dos Santos P.R. SHRIMP U-Pb ages of the late Paleozoic sedimentary sequence, Paraná Basin, Brazil. Boletim de Resumos 2007, vol. 33.
94. Rodriguez, E.J. and Valdivieso, A., 1970. Informe sobre resultados de Ia investigación geológica semiregional (perfiles y planos geológicos) en el área de Ias manifestaciones nucleares de Sierra Pintada, Mendoza. Comisión Nacional de Energia Atómica, Informe interno, RM-O-M-135.
95. Rose W.l., Chesner C.A. Dispersal of ash in the great Toba eruption, 75ka. Geology 1987, 15:913-917.
96. Rubinstein N.A., Ostera H.A., Malimacci H., Carpio F. Lead isotopes from Gondwanan. polymetalic ore vein deposits, San Rafael Massif, Argentina. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2004, 16:579-586.
97. Santos R.V., Sousa P., Alvarenga C.J.S., de Dantas E.L., Pimentel M., de Oliveira C.G., de Araújo L.M. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating and palynology of bentonitic layers from the Permian Irati Formation, Paraná Basin, Brazil. Gondwana Research 2006, 9:456-463.
98. Sato A.M., Tickyj H., Llambias E.J., Sato K. The Las Matras tonalitic-trondhjemitic pluton, Central Argentina: Grenvillian age constraints, geochemical characteristics and regional implications. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2000, 13:587-610.
99. Sato A.M., González P.D., Sato K. First indication of Mesoproterozoic age from the western basement of Sierra de San Luis, Argentina. Extended Abstracts (CD) 2001, 616-619.
100. Sato A.M., Llambías E.J., Basei M.A.S., Leanza H.A. The Permian Choiyoi cycle in Cordillera del Viento (Principal Cordillera, Argentina): over 25Ma of magmatic activity. VI South American Symposium on Isotope Geology, San Carlos de Bariloche. Proceedings CD/ROM 2008.
101. Siga Junior O., Basei M.A.S., Passarelli C.R., Sato K., Cury L.F., McReath I. Lower and Upper Neoproterozoic magmatic records in Itaiacoca Belt (Paraná-Brazil): zircon ages and lithostratigraphy studies. Gondwana Research 2009, 15:197-208.
102. Simas M.W., Formoso M.L.L., Guerra-Sommer M., Mendonça Filho J.G., Klepzig M.C. Mineralogy and palynofacies analyses of the Tonstein of Faxinal Coalfield, an altered volcanic-ash layer from the Lower Permian of Paraná Basin, Brazil. International Journal of Coal Geology 2003, 46-76.
103. Sims J.P., Ireland T.R., Camacho A., Lyons P., Pieters P.E., Skirrow R.G., Stuart-Smith P.G. U-Pb, Th-Pb and Ar-Ar geochronology from the southern Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina: implications for the Palaeozoic tectonic evolution of the western Gondwana margin. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 1998, vol. 142:259-282. R.J. Pankhurst, W.C. Rapela (Eds.).
104. Sircombe K.N. Quantitative comparison of large data sets of geochronological data using multivariate analysis: a provenance study example from Australia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 2000, 64:1593-1616.
105. Spalletti L.A. Evolución de los ambientes fluviales en el Triásico de Ia Sierra Pintada (Mendoza, Argentina): Análisis sobre Ia influencia de controles intrínsecos y extrínsecos al sistema depositacional. Revista de Ia Asociación Argentina de Sedimentología 1994, 1:125-142.
106. Stern R.A. High resolution SIMS determination of radiogenic trace-isotope ratios in minerals. Short Course Series 1998, 241-268. Mineralogical Association of Canada. L.J. Cabri, D.J. Vaughan (Eds.).
107. Stolhofen H., Stanistreet l.G., Bangert B., Grill H. Tuffs, tectonism and glacially related sea-level changes, Carboniferous-Permian southern Namibia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2000, 161:127-150.
108. Strazzere L., Gregori D., Dristas J.A. Genetic evolution of Permian-Triassic volcaniclastic sequences at Uspallata.; Mendoza Precordillera, Argentina. Gondwana Research 2006, 9:485-499.
109. Sun S.S. Geochemical composition and origin of Earth's primitive mantle. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 1982, 46:179-192.
110. Taylor S.R., McLennan S.M. Continental crust: its composition and evolution. An Examination of Geochemical Record Preserved in Sedimentary Rocks 1985, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 312 pp.
111. Tomezzoli R.N., Japas M.S. Resultados paleomagneticos preliminares en Ias sedimentitas neo-paleozoicas de la Formación El Imperial, bloque de San Rafael, Mendoza. Revista de Ia Asociación Geológica Argentina 2006, 61:370-382.
112. Varela R., Basei M.A.S., Sato A.M., González P.D., Siga O., Campos Neto M.da.C., Cingolani C.A. Grenvillian basement and Famatinian events of the Sierra de Umango (29°S): a review and new geochronological data. Short Papers 2003, vol. 1:304-306.
113. Veevers, J.J., Powell, C. McA., Collinson. J., López-Gamundi, O.R., 1994. Synthesis. In: Veevers, J.J. and Powell, C.McA. (Eds.), Permian-Triassic Pangean basins and foldbelts along the Panthalassan Margin of Gondwanaland Geological Society of America, Memoir 184, 331-353.
114. Viljoen, J.H.A., 1995. Piroklastiese afsettings von permouderdom in die hoof-karookom. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, 274 pp.
115. Williams l.S. U-Th-Pb geochronology by ion microprobe. Reviews in Economic Geology 1998, vol. 7:1-35. Society of Economic Geologists. M.A. McKibben, W.C. Shanks, W.I. Ridley (Eds.).
116. Winchester J.A., Floyd P.A. Geochemical discrimination of different magma series and their differentiation products using immobile elements. Chemical Geology 1977, 20:325-343.
117. Zalan, P.V., Wolf, S., Conceição, João C. de Jesus, Marques, A., Astolfi, Marco A., Mendonça, F., Vieira, Inês S., Appi, Valéria T. and Zanotto, Osmar A., 1990. Bacia do Paraná. In: Raja Gabaglia, G.P. and Milani, E.I. (Coords.), Origem e evolução de bacias sedimentares, PETROBRAS, 135-168.