Ocular syphilis among HIV-infected patients: A systematic analysis of the literature

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Volumn 87, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 4-8

  Tucker, Joseph D ^a   Li, Jonathan Z ^b   Robbins, Gregory K ^a   Davis, Benjamin T ^a   Lobo, Ann Marie ^c   Kunkel, Jan ^d   Papaliodis, George N ^c   Durand, Marlene L ^a   Felsenstein, Donna ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY   (United States)

^d CHARITÉ UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT; CEFTRIAXONE; PENICILLIN G; VIRUS RNA;

CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; CLINICAL FEATURE; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; EYE INFECTION; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; OCULAR SYPHILIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REAGIN TEST; REVIEW; SYPHILIS; SYPHILIS SEROLOGY; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREATMENT RESPONSE; UVEITIS; VENEREAL DISEASE REACTION TEST; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT;

ADULT; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; EYE INFECTIONS, BACTERIAL; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RNA, VIRAL; SYPHILIS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 78751661594     PISSN: 13684973     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/sti.2010.043042     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Kedhar SR, Jabs DA. Cytomegalovirus retinitis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Herpes 2007;14:66-71.
2. Gonzalez-Lopez JJ, Guerrero ML, Lujan R, et al. Factors determining serologic response to treatment in patients with syphilis. Clin Infect Dis 2009;49:1505-11.
3. Berry CD, Hooton TM, Collier AC, et al. Neurologic relapse after benzathine penicillin therapy for secondary syphilis in a patient with HIV infection. N Engl J Med 1987;316:1587-9.
4. Booth J, Rodger A, Singh J, et al. Syphilitic panuveitis with retinal necrosis in an HIV positive man confirmed by treponema pallidum PCR. J Infect 2009;59:373-5.
5. Carter JB, Hamill RJ, Matoba AY. Bilateral syphilitic optic neuritis in a patient with a positive test for HIV. Case report. Arch Ophthalmol 1987;105:1485-6.
6. Friedman RF, Ganiban GJ, Liss RA, et al. Ocular syphilis and neurosyphilis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Md Med J 1995;44:284-8.
7. Joyce PW, Haye KR, Ellis ME. Syphilitic retinitis in a homosexual man with concurrent HIV infection: case report. Genitourin Med 1989;65:244-7.
8. Kleiner RC, Najarian L, Levenson J, et al. AIDS complicated by syphilis can mimic uveitis and Crohn's disease. Case report. Arch Ophthalmol 1987;105:1486-7.
9. Levy JH, Liss RA, Maguire AM. Neurosyphilis and ocular syphilis in patients with concurrent human immunodeficiency virus infection. Retina 1989;9:175-80.
10. Moloney G, Branley M, Kotsiou G, et al. Syphilis presenting as scleritis in an HIV-positive man undergoing immune reconstitution. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol 2004;32:526-8.
11. Pleimes M, Hartschuh W, Kutzner H, et al. Malignant syphilis with ocular involvement and organism-depleted lesions. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48:83-5.
12. Rodriguez-Diaz E, Moran-Estefania M, Lopez-Avila A, et al. Clinical expression of secondary syphilis in a patient with HIV infection. J Dermatol 1994;21:111-16. (Pubitemid 24118630)
13. Thami GP, Kaur S, Gupta R, et al. Syphilitic panuveitis and asymptomatic neurosyphilis: a marker of HIV infection. Int J STD AIDS 2001;12:754-6. (Pubitemid 33035837)
14. Zaidman GW. Neurosyphilis and retrobulbar neuritis in a patient with AIDS. Ann Ophthalmol 1986;18:260-1.
15. Zambrano W, Perez GM, Smith JL. Acute syphilitic blindness in AIDS. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1987;7:1-5.
16. Woods AC. Syphilis of the eye. Am J Syph Gonor Vener Dis 1943;27:133.
17. Hogan MJ, Zimmerman LE. Opthalmic pathology. 3rd edn. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1968.
18. Moore JE. Syphilitic iritis. Am J Ophthalmol 1931;14:110-26.
19. Browning DJ. Posterior segment manifestations of active ocular syphilis, their response to a neurosyphilis regimen of penicillin therapy, and the influence of human immunodeficiency virus status on response. Ophthalmology 2000;107:2015-23.
20. McLeish WM, Pulido JS, Holland S, et al. The ocular manifestations of syphilis in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected host. Ophthalmology 1990;97:196-203.
21. Maves RC, Cachay ER, Young MA, et al. Secondary syphilis with ocular manifestations in older adults. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46:e142-5.
22. Kunkel J, Schurmann D, Pleyer U, et al. Ocular syphilis-indicator of previously unknown HIV-infection. J Infect 2009;58:32-6.
23. Ormerod LD, Puklin JE, Sobel JD. Syphilitic posterior uveitis: correlative findings and significance. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32:1661-73.
24. Becerra LI, Ksiazek SM, Savino PJ, et al. Syphilitic uveitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and noninfected patients. Ophthalmology 1989;96:1727-30.
25. Tamesis RR, Foster CS. Ocular syphilis. Ophthalmology 1990;97:1281-7.
26. McCall MB, van Lith-Verhoeven JJ, van Crevel R, et al. Ocular syphilis acquired through oral sex in two HIV-infected patients. Neth J Med 2004;62:206-8.
27. Ghanem KG, Moore RD, Rompalo AM, et al. Neurosyphilis in a clinical cohort of HIV- 1-infected patients. AIDS 2008;22:1145-51.
28. Fonollosa A, Giralt J, Pelegrin L, et al. Ocular syphilis-back again: understanding recent increases in the incidence of ocular syphilitic disease. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2009;17:207-12.
29. Balba GP, Kumar PN, James AN, et al. Ocular syphilis in HIV-positive patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Am J Med 2006;119:448. e21-5.
30. Doris JP, Saha K, Jones NP, et al. Ocular syphilis: the new epidemic. Eye 2006;20:703-5.
31. Kuo IC, Kapusta MA, Rao NA. Vitritis as the primary manifestation of ocular syphilis in patients with HIV infection. Am J Ophthalmol 1998;125:306-11.
32. Li J, Tucker JD, Lobo A, et al. Ocular syphilis among HIV-infected individuals. Clin Infect Dis 2004;62:206-8.
33. Parc CE, Chahed S, Patel SV, et al. Manifestations and treatment of ocular syphilis during an epidemic in France. Sex Transm Dis 2007;34:553-6.
34. Passo MS, Rosenbaum JT. Ocular syphilis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am J Ophthalmol 1988;106:1-6.
35. Shalaby IA, Dunn JP, Semba RD, et al. Syphilitic uveitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Arch Ophthalmol 1997;115:469-73.
36. Tran TH, Cassoux N, Bodaghi B, et al. Syphilitic uveitis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2005;243:863-9. (Pubitemid 41386709)
37. Villanueva AV, Sahouri MJ, Ormerod LD, et al. Posterior uveitis in patients with positive serology for syphilis. Clin Infect Dis 2000;30:479-85.
38. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Symptomatic early neurosyphilis among HIV-positive men who have sex with men-four cities, United States, January 2002-June 2004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2007;56:625-8.
39. Walsh FB, Hoyt WF. Clinical neuro-ophthalmology. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1969.
40. Whitfield R, Wirostko E. Ocular syphilis. In: Locatcher-Khorazo D, ed. Microbiology of the eye. St. Louis: Mosby Co, 1972:322-50.
41. Marra CM, Maxwell CL, Smith SL, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities in patients with syphilis: association with clinical and laboratory features. J Infect Dis 2004;189:369-76.
42. Spoor TC, Wynn P, Hartel WC, et al. Ocular syphilis. Acute and chronic. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1983;3:197-203.
43. Spoor TC, Ramocki JM, Nesi FA, et al. Prevalence of FTA-ABS reactivity and cerebrospinal fluid findings. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1987;7:191-5.
44. Holmes KK. Sexually transmitted diseases. 4th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical, 2008.
45. CDC. Sexually transmitted disease treatment guidelines. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2006;55:R-7.
46. Fathilah J, Choo MM. The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in ocular syphilis. Med J Malaysia 2003;58:437-9.
47. Danesh-Meyer H, Kubis KC, Sergott RC. Not so slowly progressive visual loss. Surv Ophthalmol 1999;44:247-52. (Pubitemid 29535469)
48. Wilhelmus K, Lukehart SA. Syphilis. In: Pepose J, Holland G, Wilhelmus K, eds. Ocular infection and immunity. Philadelphia: Mosby, 1996:1437-146.