Environmental and historical effects on lichen diversity in managed and unmanaged wooded meadows

Applied Vegetation Science

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 120-131

  Jönsson, Mari T ^a   Thor, Göran ^a   Johansson, Per ^a  

^a SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Crown cover; Deciduous forests; Epiphytic lichens; Fraxinus excelsior; Gotland; Quercus robur; Species composition; Species richness; Sweden

Indexed keywords

FRAXINUS; FRAXINUS EXCELSIOR; QUERCUS ROBUR;

EID: 78651428402     PISSN: 14022001     EISSN: 1654109X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-109X.2010.01096.x     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Barkman, J.J. 1958. Phytosociology and ecology of cryptogamic epiphytes. Assen, Van Gorcum, NL.
2. Bates, D., Maechler, M. & Dai, B. 2008. lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using S4 classes. R package version 0.999375-28. Available at Accessed 7 April 2010.
3. Bellehumeur, C. & Legendre, P. 1998. Multiscale sources of variation in ecological variables: modelling spatial dispersion, elaborating sampling designs. Landscape Ecology 13: 15-25.
4. Berglund, H. & Jonsson, B.G. 2004. Nested plant and fungal communities: the importance of area and habitat quality in maximizing species capture in boreal old-growth forests. Biological Conservation 117: 563-565.
5. Bolker, B.M., Brooks, M.E., Clark, C.J., Geange, S.W., Poulsen, J.R., Stevens, M.H.H. & White, J.-S.S. 2008. Generalized linear mixed models: a practical guide for ecology and evolution. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 24: 127-135.
6. Boudreault, C., Gauthier, S. & Bergeron, Y. 2000. Epiphytic lichens and bryophytes on Populus tremuloides along a chronosequence in the southwestern boreal forest of Québec, Canada. Bryologist 103: 725-738.
7. Davis, C.E., Hyde, J.E., Bangdiwala, S.I. & Nelson, J.J. 1986. An example of dependencies among variables in a conditional logistic regression. In: Moolgavkar, S.H. & Prentice, R.L. (eds.) Modern statistical methods in chronic disease epidemiology. pp. 140-147. Wiley, New York, NY, US.
8. Dormann, C.F., McPherson, J.M., Araújo, M.B., Bivand, R., Bolliger, J., Carl, G., Davies, R.G., Hirzel, A., Jetz, W., Kissling, D., Kühn, I., Ohlemüller, R., Peres-Neto, P.R., Reineking, B., Schröder, B., Schurr, F.M. & Wilson, R. 2007. Methods to account for spatial autocorrelation in the analysis of species distributional data: a review. Ecography 30: 609-628.
9. Einarsson, A. & Milberg, P. 1999. Species richness and distribution in relation to light in wooded meadows and pastures in southern Sweden. Annales Botanici Fennici 36: 99-107.
10. Ekologigruppen, A. B. 1996. Metoder för dokumentation och uppföljning av landskapsvård och NOLA, Gotland 1995. Rapport nr 2/1996, Livsmiljöenheten, Länsstyrelsen i Gotlands län [In Swedish].
11. Ekstam, U., Aronsson, M. & Forshed, N. 1988. Ängar. Om naturliga slåttermarker i odlingslandskapet. LTs förlag, Stockholm, SE [In Swedish].
12. th Century woodland structure controls stand-scale epiphyte diversity in present-day Scotland. Diversity Distributions 13: 84-91.
13. Faraway, J. 2006. Extending the linear model with R - generalized linear, mixed effects and non-parametric regression models. Chapman & Hall/CRC, London, UK.
14. Gärdenfors, U. (ed.) 2010. The 2010 Red List of Swedish species. pp. 1-59. ArtDatabanken, SLU, Uppsala, SE.
15. Gauslaa, Y. & Solhaug, K.A. 2000. High-light-intensity damage to the foliose lichen Lobaria pulmonaria within a natural forest: the application of chlorophyll fluorescence methods. Lichenologist 32: 271-289.
16. Goward, T. & Arsenault, A. 2000. Cyanolichen distribution in young unmanaged forests: a dripzone effect. Bryologist 103: 28-37.
17. Hæggström, C.-A. 1983. Vegetation and soil of the wooded meadows in Nåtö, Åland. Acta Botanici Fennici 120: 1-66.
18. Hæggström, C.-A. 1995. Lövängar i Norden och Balticum. Nordenskiöld-samfundets tidskrift, Helsingfors, FI [In Swedish].
19. Harrison, S. & Bruna, E. 1999. Habitat fragmentation and large-scale conservation: what do we know for sure? Ecography 22: 225-232.
20. Hultengren, S., Johansson, P., Croneborg, H. & Lönnell, N. 2006. Hotad mångfald i Gotlands lövängar och lövängsrester. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 100: 176-194 [In Swedish with English abstract and figures].
21. Johansson, P. 2000. Gotlands lövmarker. Rapport nr 3/2000, Livsmiljöenheten, Länsstyrelsen i Gotlands län [In Swedish].
22. Johansson, P., Rydin, H. & Thor, G. 2007. Tree age relationships with epiphytic lichen diversity and lichen life-history traits in southern Sweden. Ecoscience 14: 81-91.
23. Krok, T.H. & Almquist, S. 2001. Svensk flora, fanerogamer och ormbunksväxter. 28 ed. Liber förlag, Stockholm, SE [In Swedish].
24. Kukk, T. & Kull, K. 1997. Wooded meadows. Estonia Maritima 2: 1-249.
25. Kull, K. & Zobel, M. 1991. High species richness in an Estonian wooded meadow. Journal of Vegetation Science 2: 715-718.
26. Leppik, E. & Jüriado, I. 2008. Factors important for epiphytic lichen communities in wooded meadows of Estonia. Folia Cryptogamica Estonica 44: 75-87.
27. Levin, S.A. 1992. Orchestrating environmental research assessment. Ecological Applications 2: 103-106.
28. Löbel, S., Snäll, T. & Rydin, H. 2006. Metapopulation processes in epiphytes inferred from patterns of regional distribution and local abundance in fragmented forest landscapes. Journal of Ecology 94: 856-868.
29. Loreau, M. 2000. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: recent theoretical advances. Oikos 91: 3-17.
30. MacArthur, R.H. & Wilson, E.O. 1967. The theory of island biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, US.
31. McCune, B. 1993. Gradients in epiphyte biomass in three Pseudotsuga-Tsuga forests of different ages in western Oregon and Washington. Bryologist 96: 405-411.
32. McCune, B. & Grace, J.B. 2002. Analysis of ecological communities. MjM Software Design, Gleneden Beach, OR, US.
33. McCune, B. & Mefford, M.J. 2006. PC-ORD. Multivariate analysis of ecological data. Version 5. MjM Software, Gleneden Beach, OR, US.
34. Mielke, P.W. & Berry, K.J. 2001. Permutation methods: a distance function approach. Springer Verlag, New York, NY, US.
35. Mitlacher, K., Poschlod, P., Rosén, E. & Bakker, J.P. 2002. Restoration of wooded meadows - a comparative analysis along a chronosequence on Öland (Sweden). Applied Vegetation Science 5: 63-73.
36. Moe, B. & Botnen, A. 1997. A quantitative study of the epiphytic vegetation on pollarded trunks of Fraxinus excelsior at Havrå, Osterøy, western Norway. Plant Ecology 129: 157-177.
37. Moe, B. & Botnen, A. 2000. Epiphytic vegetation on pollarded trunks of Fraxinus excelsior in four different habitats at Grinde, Leikanger, western Norway. Plant Ecology 151: 143-159.
38. Moen, J. & Jonsson, B.G. 2003. Edge effects of liverworts and lichens in forest patches in a mosaic of boreal forest and wetland. Conservation Biology 17: 380-388.
39. Nash III., T.H. 2008. Lichen biology. 2 ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
40. Noss, R.F. 1990. Indicators for monitoring biodiversity: a hierarchical approach. Conservation Biology 4: 355-364.
41. Paal, P. 1998. Rare and threatened plant communities of Estonia. Biodiversity and Conservation 7: 1027-1049.
42. Paltto, H., Nordén, B., Götmark, F. & Franc, N. 2006. At which spatial and temporal scales does landscape context affect local density of red data book and indicator species? Biological Conservation 133: 442-454.
43. Persson, S. 1984. Vegetation development after the exclusion of grazing cattle in a meadow area in the south of Sweden. Vegetatio 55: 65-92.
44. Peterken, G.F. 1996. Natural woodland: ecology and conservation in northern temperate regions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
45. Ranius, T., Eliasson, P. & Johansson, P. 2008. Large-scale occurrence patterns of red-listed lichens and fungi on old oaks are influenced both by current and historical habitat density. Biodiversity and Conservation 17: 2371-2381.
46. Ricklefs, R.E. 1987. Community diversity: relative roles of local and regional processes. Science 235: 167-171.
47. Rolstad, J. & Rolstad, E. 1999. Does tree age predict the occurrence and abundance of Usnea longissima in multi-aged submontane Picea abies stands? Lichenologist 31: 613-625.
48. Rose, F. & Wolseley, P. 1984. Nettlecombe Park - its history and its epiphytic lichens: an attempt at correlation. Field Studies 6: 117-148.
49. Sillett, S.C. & Antoine, M.E. 2004. Lichens and bryophytes in forest canopies. In: Lowman, M.D. & Rinker, H.B. (eds.) Forest canopies. pp. 151-174. Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, NL.
50. Snäll, T., Riberio, J., Jr. & Rydin, H. 2003. Spatial occurrence and colonizations in patch-tracking metapopulations: local conditions versus dispersal. Oikos 103: 566-578.
51. Snäll, T., Pennanen, J., Kivistö, L. & Hanski, I. 2005. Modelling epiphyte metapopulation dynamics in a dynamic forest landscape. Oikos 109: 209-222.
52. Tedersoo, L., Suvi, T., Larsson, E. & Kõljalg, U. 2006. Diversity and community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi in a wooded meadow. Mycological Research 110: 734-748.
53. Thor, G. 1998. Red-listed lichens in Sweden: habitats, threats, protection, and indicator value in boreal coniferous forests. Biodiversity and Conservation 7: 59-72.
54. Thor, G. & Nordin, A. 1998. 16 lichens new to Estonia. Folia Cryptogamica Estonica 32: 123-125.
55. Tilman, D., May, R.M., Lehman, C.L. & Nowak, M.A. 1994. Habitat destruction and the extinction debt. Nature 371: 65-66.
56. Uliczka, H. & Angelstam, P. 1999. Occurrence of epiphytic macrolichens in relation to tree species and age in managed boreal forest. Ecography 22: 396-405.
57. Vera, F.W.M. 2000. Grazing ecology and forest history. CABI publishing, Wallingford, UK.