Converting Poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste into carbon microspheres in a supercritical CO2 system

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 534-539

  Wei, Lingzhi ^a   Yan, Nan ^a   Chen, Qianwang ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF CHINA   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON MICROSPHERES; CARBON SPHERES; CARBONIZATION MECHANISM; LITHIUM-ION BATTERY; MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS; MICROMETER DIMENSIONS; NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL; PET WASTE; POLY (ETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE) WASTE; POST-CONSUMER; PYROLYZING; REACTION TEMPERATURE; REACTION TIME; SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDES; SUPERCRITICAL CO;

CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBONIZATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL ELECTRODES; ETHYLENE; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; LITHIUM; LITHIUM COMPOUNDS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; MICROSPHERES; POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATES; SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION;

AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS;

AROMATIC HYDROCARBON; CARBON DIOXIDE; LITHIUM; MICROSPHERE; POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE;

CARBON DIOXIDE; CATION; ELECTRODE; ESTER; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; LITHIUM; MASS SPECTROMETRY; POLYMER; PYROLYSIS; RECYCLING; TRANSFORMATION; WASTE TREATMENT;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL REACTION; DECOMPOSITION; ELECTRODE; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; REACTION TIME; RECYCLING; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE;

CARBON; CARBON DIOXIDE; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; GREEN CHEMISTRY TECHNOLOGY; HYDROCARBONS, AROMATIC; INCINERATION; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON, SCANNING; MICROSPHERES; POLYETHYLENE GLYCOLS; RECYCLING; TEMPERATURE; WASTE PRODUCTS;

EID: 78651394089     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: 15205851     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es102431e     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Tsiourvas, D.; Tsartolia, E.; Stassionopoulos, A. A new approach to reclaimed PET utilization-Blends of recycled PET suitable for extrusion blow-molding technology Adv. Polym. Technol. 1995, 14, 227-236
2. La Mantia, F. Handbook of Plastics Recycling; Rapra Technology Ltd.: Shropshire, U.K., 2002.
3. Kim, B.-K.; Hwang, G.-C.; Bae, S.-Y.; Yi, S.-C.; Kumazawa, H. Depolymerization of polyethyleneterephthalate in supercritical methanol J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2001, 81, 2102-2108
4. Imran, M.; Kim, B.-K.; Han, M.; Cho, B. G.; Kim, D. H. Sub- and supercritical glycolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into the monomer bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2010, 95, 1686-1693
5. Parra, J. B.; Ania, C. O.; Arenillas, A.; Rubeira, F.; Pis, J. J. High value carbon materials from PET recycling Appl. Surf. Sci. 2004, 238, 304-308
6. László, K.; Bóta, A.; Nagy, L. G. Comparative adsorption study on carbons from polymer precursors Carbon 2000, 38, 1965-1976
7. László, K.; Tombácz, E.; Josepovits, K. Effect of activation on the surface chemistry of carbons from polymer precursors Carbon 2001, 39, 1217-1228
8. László, K.; Szcs, A. Surface characterization of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) based activated carbon and the effect of pH on its adsorption capacity from aqueous phenol and 2,3,4-trichlorophenol solutions Carbon 2001, 39, 1945-1953
9. Bota, A.; Laszlo, K.; Nagy, L. G.; Copitzky, T. Comparative study of active carbons from different precursors Langmuir 1997, 13, 6502-6509
10. Kartel, M. T.; Sych, N. V.; Tsyba, M. M.; Strelko, V. V. Preparation of porous carbons by chemical activation of polyethyleneterephthalate Carbon 2006, 44, 1019-1022
11. Pol, S. V.; Pol, V. G.; Sherman, D.; Gedanken, A. A solvent free process for the generation of strong, conducting carbon spheres by the thermal degradation of waste polyethylene terephthalate Green Chem. 2009, 11, 448-451
12. Pol, V. G.; Thiyagarajan, P. Measurement of autogenous pressure and dissociated species during the thermolysis of mesitylene for the synthesis of monodispersed, pure, paramagnetic carbon particles Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48, 1484-1489
13. Pol, V. G.; Thiyagarajan, P. Remediating plastic waste into carbon nanotubes J. Environ. Monit. 2010, 12, 455-459
14. Pol, V. G. Upcycling: Converting waste plastics into paramagnetic, conducting, solid, pure carbon microspheres Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44, 4753-4759
15. 2 Adv. Mater. 2001, 13, 1111-1114
16. Lou, Z. S.; Chen, Q. W.; Zhang, Y. F.; Wang, W.; Qian, Y. T. Diamond formation by reduction of carbon dioxide at low temperatures J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 9302-9303
17. Lou, Z. S.; Chen, Q. W.; Qian, Y. T.; Wang, W.; Zhang, Y. F. Growth of large diamond crystals by reduction of magnesium carbonate with metallic sodium Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2003, 42, 4501-4503
18. Lou, Z. S.; Chen, C. L.; Chen, Q. W.; Gao, J. Formation of variously shaped carbon nanotubes in carbon dioxide-alkali metal(Li, Na) system Carbon 2005, 43, 1104-1108
19. Lou, Z. S.; Chen, Q. W.; Wang, W.; Zhang, Y. F. Synthesis of carbon nanotubes by reduction of carbon dioxide with metallic lithium Carbon 2003, 41, 3063-3067
20. 4 J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 16404-16407
21. Lou, Z. S.; Chen, Q. W.; Gao, J.; Zhang, Y. F. Preparation of carbon spheres consisting of amorphouscarbon cores and graphene shells Carbon 2004, 42, 229-232
22. Qian, W.; Wei, L. Z.; Cao, F. Y.; Chen, Q. W.; Qian, W. Low temperature synthesis of carbon nanospheres by reducing supercritical carbon dioxide with bimetallic lithium and potassium Carbon 2006, 44, 1303-1307
23. 2 with metallic calcium Chem. Phys. Lett. 2006, 421, 584-588
24. Wang, Q.; Cao, F. Y.; Chen, Q. W. Formation of carbon micro-sphere chains by defluorination of PTFE in a magnesium and supercritical carbon dioxide system Green Chem. 2005, 7, 733-736
25. Miao, J. Y.; Hwang, D. W.; Narasimhulu, K. V.; Lin, P. I.; Chen, Y. T.; Lin, S. H.; Hwang, L. P. Synthesis and properties of carbon nanospheres grown by CVD using Kaolin supported transition metal catalysts Carbon 2004, 42, 813-822
26. Tuinstra, F.; Koenig, J. L. Raman spectrum of graphite J. Chem. Phys. 1970, 53, 1126-1130
27. Cuesta, A.; Dhamelincourt, P.; Laureyns, J.; Martinez-Alonso, A.; Tascon, J. M. D. Raman microprobe studies on carbon materials Carbon 1994, 32, 1523-1532
28. Jawhari, T.; Roid, A.; Casado, J. Raman spectroscopic characterisation of some commercially available carbon black materials Carbon 1995, 33, 1561-1565
29. Dippel, B.; Jander, H.; Heintzenberg, J. NIR FT Raman spectroscopic study of flame soot Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 1999, 1, 4707-4712
30. Dippel, B.; Heintzenberg, J. Soot characterisation in atmospheric particles from different sources by NIR FT Raman spectroscopy J. Aerosol Sci. 1999, 30, 907-908
31. Beyssac, O.; Goffé, B.; Petitet, J.-P.; Froigneux, E.; Moreau, M.; Rouzaud, J.-N. On the characterization of disordered and heterogeneous carbonaceous materials by Raman spectroscopy Spectrochim, Acta, Part A 2003, 59, 2267-2276
32. Shao, M. W.; Li, Q.; Wu, J.; Xie, B.; Zhang, S. Y.; Qian, Y. T. Benzene-thermal route to carbon nanotubes at a moderate temperature Carbon 2002, 40, 2961-2963
33. Calderonì Moreno, J. M.; Swamy, S. S.; Fujino, T.; Yoshimura, M. Carbon nanocells and nanotubes grown in hydrothermal fluids Chem. Phys. Lett. 2000, 329, 317-322
34. Liu, J.; Rinzler, A. G.; Dai, H. J.; Hafner, J. H.; Bradley, R. K.; Boul, P. J.; Lu, A.; Iverson, T.; Shelimov, K.; Huffman, C. B.; Rodriguez-Macias, F.; Shon, Y. S.; Lee, T. R.; Colbert, D. T.; Smalley, R. E. Fullerene pipes Science 1998, 280, 1523-1526
35. Flandrois, S.; Simon, B. Carbon materials for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries Carbon 1999, 37, 165-180
36. 3 treatment Carbon 2008, 46, 196-205
37. Wu, Y. P.; Jiang, C.; Wan, C.; Holze, R. Anode materials for lithium ion batteries from mild oxidation of natural graphite J. Appl. Electrochem. 2002, 32, 1011-1017 (Pubitemid 35432230)