Retail and wholesale market power in organic apples

Agribusiness

Volumn 27, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 62-81

  Richards, Timothy J ^a   Acharya, Ram N ^b   Molina, Ignacio ^c  

^a ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 78651256557     PISSN: 07424477     EISSN: 15206297     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/agr.20251     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Berry, S. (1994). Estimating discrete-choice models of product differentiation. Rand Journal of Economics, 25, 242-262.
2. Berry, S., Levinsohn, J., & Pakes, A. (1995). Automobile prices in market equilibrium. Econometrica, 63, 841-890.
3. Berto Villas-Boas, S. (2007). Vertical relationships between manufacturers and retailers: Inference with limited data. Review of Economic Studies, 74, 625-652.
4. Bhat, C.R. (2003). Simulation estimation of mixed discrete choice models using randomized and scrambled Halton sequences. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 37, 837-855.
5. Binkley, J.K., & Connor, J.M. (1998). Grocery market pricing and the new competitive environment. Journal of Retailing, 74, 273-294.
6. Blank, S., & Thompso, G.D. (2004). Can/should/will and niche become the norm? Organic agriculture's short past and long future. Contemporary Economic Policy, 22, 483-503.
7. Bonnet, C., & Dubois, P. (2010). Inference on vertical contracts between manufacturers and retailers allowing for non-linear pricing and resale price maintenance. RAND Journal of Economics, 41, 139-164.
8. Cameron, A.C., & Trivedi, P.K. (2005). Microeconometrics: Methods and applications. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
9. Cardell, N.S. (1997). Variance components structures for the extreme value and logistic distributions. Econometric Theory, 13, 185-213.
10. Chintagunta, P.K., Bonfrer, A., & Song, I. (2002). Investigating the effects of store-brand introduction on retailer demand and pricing behavior. Management Science, 48, 1242-1267.
11. Dimitri, C., & Oberholtzer, L. (2009). Marketing U.S. organic foods: Recent trends from farms to consumers (Economic Information Bulletin 58). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service.
12. Draganska, M., & Klapper, D. (2007). Retail environment and manufacturer competitive intensity. Journal of Retailing, 83, 183-198.
13. Ehmke, M.T., Golub, A.A., Harbor, A.L., & Boehlje, M.D. (2004). Real options analysis for investment in organic wheat and barley production in South Central North Dakota using precision agriculture technology. Paper presented at AAEA meetings, Denver, CO, August 1-4, 2004.
14. Giannakas, K. (2002). Information asymmetries and consumption decisions in organic food product markets. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 50, 35-50.
15. Granatstein, D., & Kirby, E. (2006, July). Organic agriculture in Washington State. Puyallup: Washington State University Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources.
16. Hartman Group. (2002). Hartman organic research review: A compilation of national organic research conducted by the Hartman Group. Bellevue, WA: Author.
17. Huang, C.L., & Lin, B.-H. (2007). A hedonic analysis of fresh tomato prices among regional markets. Review of Agricultural Economics, 29, 783-800.
18. Inderst, R., & Shaffer, G. (2007). Retail mergers, buyer power and product variety. Economic Journal, 117, 45-67.
19. Karst, T. (2009). Wal-Mart boosting direct buys of Washington apples. Retrieved August 13, 2009, from
20. Kim, D., & Cotterill, R. (2008). Cost pass-through in differentiated product markets: The case of U.S. processed cheese. Journal of Industrial Economics, 55, 32-38.
21. Kirby, E., & Granatstein, D. (2008, September 20). Recent trends in organic tree fruit production. Wenatchee: Washington State University, School of Economic Sciences, Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources.
22. Lohr, L. (1998). Implications of organic certification for market structure and trade. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 80, 1125-1129.
23. McFadden, D. (1978). Modeling the choice of residential location. In A. Karlqvist, L. Lundqvist, F. Snickars, & J. Weibull (Eds.), Spatial interaction theory and planning models (pp. 75-96). Amsterdam: North-Holland.
24. Nevo, A. (2001). Measuring market power in the ready-to-eat cereal industry. Econometrica, 69, 307-342.
25. Oberholtzer, L., Dimitri, C., & Greene, C. (2005). Price premiums hold on as U.S. organic market expands (EOR VGS-308-01). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service.
26. Organic Consumers Association. (2007). U.S. organic food sales up 22%, hit $17.0 billion in 2006. Retrieved May 7, 2007, from
27. Richards, T.J., & Patterson, P.M. (2005). Sales promotion and cooperative marketing strategies among grocery retailers. Review of Industrial Organization, 26, 391-413.
28. Sexton, R.J., & Zhang, M. (1996). A model of price determination for fresh produce with application to California iceberg lettuce. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 78, 924-934.
29. Sudhir, K. (2001). Structural analysis of manufacturer pricing in the presence of a strategic retailer. Marketing Science, 20, 244-264.
30. The NBJ/SPINS Organic Food Report:. (2004, March). Nutrition Business Journal, pp. 1-32.
31. Thompson, G. (1998). Consumer demand for organic foods: What we know and what we need to know. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 80, 113-118.
32. Train, K. (2003). Discrete choice methods with simulation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
33. U.S. Census Bureau. (2008). Current population survey. Retrieved September 12, 2008, from
34. U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service. (2005). Fruit and tree nuts outlook (FTS-315). Washington, DC: Author.
35. U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service. (2009). Organic agriculture briefing room. Retrieved September 19, 2009, from
36. U.S. Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service. (2008). Prices received and paid indexes. Retrieved September 10, 2008, from
37. U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2008). Consumer price index. Retrieved September 9, 2008, from
38. University of California. (1994). Production practices and sample costs for fresh market organic apples. Davis, CA: Cooperative Extension.
39. Villas-Boas, J.M., & Zhao, Y. (2005). Retailer, manufacturers and individual consumers: modeling the supply side in the ketchup marketplace. Journal of Marketing Research, 42, 83-95.
40. Ward, R. (1982). Asymmetry in retail, wholesale, and shipping point pricing for fresh vegetables. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 64, 205-212.
41. Whole Foods. (2004). Organic foods continue to grow in popularity according to whole foods market survey. Retrieved January 20, 2009, from