High plasma aldosterone concentration is a novel risk factor of cognitive impairment in patients with hypertension

Hypertension Research

Volumn 34, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 74-78

  Yagi, Shusuke ^a   Akaike, Masashi ^a   Aihara, Ken Ichi ^a   Iwase, Takashi ^a   Yoshida, Sumiko ^a   Sumitomo Ueda, Yuka ^a   Ikeda, Yasumasa ^a   Ishikawa, Kazue ^a   Matsumoto, Toshio ^a   Sata, Masataka ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TOKUSHIMA   (Japan)

Author keywords

cognitive function; hippocampus; mineral corticoid receptor

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE; AMLODIPINE; EPLERENONE; MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; NITRIC OXIDE; RENIN; SPIRONOLACTONE;

ADULT; AGED; ALDOSTERONE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; BIOAVAILABILITY; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; BRAIN INFARCTION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; INFLAMMATION; KIDNEY FUNCTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MINI MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION; MORTALITY; MULTIPLE REGRESSION; OBESITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY; SMOKING;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ALDOSTERONE; COGNITION; COGNITION DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 78650899023     PISSN: 09169636     EISSN: 13484214     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/hr.2010.179     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Qiu C, Winblad B, Fratiglioni L. The age-dependent relation of blood pressure to cognitive function and dementia. Lancet Neurol 2005; 4: 487-499.
2. Hoshide S, Ishikawa J, Eguchi K, Oowada T, Shimada K, Kario K. Cognitive dysfunction and physical disability are associated with mortality in extremely elderly patients. Hypertens Res 2008; 31: 1331-1338.
3. Weber KT, Janicki JS, Pick R, Capasso J, Anversa P. Myocardial fibrosis and pathologic hypertrophy in the rat with renovascular hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1990; 65: 1G-7G.
4. Stier Jr CT, Chander PN, Rocha R. Aldosterone as a mediator in cardiovascular injury. Cardiol Rev 2002; 10: 97-107.
5. Conn JW, Knopf RF, Nesbit RM. Clinical characteristics of primary aldosteronism from an analysis of 145 cases. Am J Surg 1964; 107: 159-172.
6. Litchfield WR, Anderson BF, Weiss RJ, Lifton RP, Dluhy RG. Intracranial aneurysm and hemorrhagic stroke in glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism. Hypertension 1998; 31: 445-450.
7. Stier Jr CT, Rocha R, Chander PN. Effect of aldosterone and MR blockade on the brain and the kidney. Heart Fail Rev 2005; 10: 53-62.
8. Rocha R, Stier Jr CT. Pathophysiological effects of aldosterone in cardiovascular tissues. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2001; 12: 308-314.
9. Dorrance AM, Osborn HL, Grekin R, Webb RC. Spironolactone reduces cerebral infarct size and EGF-receptor mRNA in stroke-prone rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2001; 281: R944-R950.
10. Reul JM, Gesing A, Droste S, Stec IS, Weber A, Bachmann C, Bilang-Bleuel A, Holsboer F, Linthorst AC. The brain mineralocorticoid receptor: greedy for ligand, mysterious in function. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 405: 235-249.
11. Otte C, Moritz S, Yassouridis A, Koop M, Madrischewski AM, Wiedemann K, Kellner M. Blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor in healthy men: effects on experimentally induced panic symptoms, stress hormones, and cognition. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007; 32: 232-238.
12. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. Mini-mental state. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975; 12: 189-198.
13. Aihara K, Azuma H, Takamori N, Kanagawa Y, Akaike M, Fujimura M, Yoshida T, Hashizume S, Kato M, Yamaguchi H, Kato S, Ikeda Y, Arase T, Kondo A, Matsumoto T. Heparin cofactor II is a novel protective factor against carotid atherosclerosis in elderly individuals. Circulation 2004; 109: 2761-2765.
14. Ho SS, Metreweli C. Preferred technique for blood flow volume measurement in cerebrovascular disease. Stroke 2000; 31: 1342-1345.
15. Kitagawa K, Oku N, Kimura Y, Yagita Y, Sakaguchi M, Hatazawa J, Sakoda S. Relationship between cerebral blood flow and later cognitive decline in hypertensive patients with cerebral small vessel disease. Hypertens Res 2009; 32: 816-820.
16. Forette F, Seux ML, Staessen JA, Thijs L, Babarskiene MR, Babeanu S, Bossini A, Fagard R, Gil-Extremera B, Laks T, Kobalava Z, Sarti C, Tuomilehto J, Vanhanen H, Webster J, Yodfat Y, Birkenhager WH. The prevention of dementia with antihypertensive treatment: new evidence from the Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) study. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 2046-2052.
17. Tzourio C, Anderson C, Chapman N, Woodward M, Neal B, MacMahon S, Chalmers J. Effects of blood pressure lowering with perindopril and indapamide therapy on dementia and cognitive decline in patients with cerebrovascular disease. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163: 1069-1075. (Pubitemid 36548935)
18. Lithell H, Hansson L, Skoog I, Elmfeldt D, Hofman A, Olofsson B, Trenkwalder P, Zanchetti A. The Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE); outcomes in patients not receiving add-on therapy after randomization. J Hypertens 2004; 22: 1605-1612.
19. Rigaud AS, Seux ML, Staessen JA, Birkenhager WH, Forette F. Cerebral complications of hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2000; 14: 605-616.
20. Birkenhager WH, Forette F, Seux ML, Wang JG, Staessen JA. Blood pressure, cognitive functions, and prevention of dementias in older patients with hypertension. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161: 152-156.
21. Hanon O, Berrou JP, Negre-Pages L, Goch JH, Nadhazi Z, Petrella R, Sedefdjian A, Sevenier F, Shlyakhto EV, Pathak A. Effects of hypertension therapy based on eprosartan on systolic arterial blood pressure and cognitive function: primary results of the observational study on cognitive function and systolic blood pressure reduction open-label study. J Hypertens 2008; 26: 1642-1650.
22. Wang J, Ho L, Chen L, Zhao Z, Zhao W, Qian X, Humala N, Seror I, Bartholomew S, Rosendorff C, Pasinetti GM. Valsartan lowers brain beta-amyloid protein levels and improves spatial learning in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 3393-3402.
23. Takeda S, Sato N, Takeuchi D, Kurinami H, Shinohara M, Niisato K, Kano M, Ogihara T, Rakugi H, Morishita R. Angiotensin receptor blocker prevented beta-amyloid-induced cognitive impairment associated with recovery of neurovascular coupling. Hypertension 2009; 54: 1345-1352.
24. Mogi M, Horiuchi M. Effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers on dementia. Hypertens Res 2009; 32: 738-740.
25. Ito S, Komatsu K, Yajima Y, Hirayama A. Renin-angiotensin system in the brain as a new target of antihypertensive therapy. Hypertens Res 2008; 31: 1487-1488.
26. Morishita R. Aegis against stroke and dementia by angiotensin type 1 receptor blockers: new beneficial aspects. Hypertens Res 2008; 31: 1-3.
27. Horiuchi M, Mogi M, Iwai M. The angiotensin II type 2 receptor in the brain. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2010; 11: 1-6.
28. Li NC, Lee A, Whitmer RA, Kivipelto M, Lawler E, Kazis LE, Wolozin B. Use of angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of dementia in a predominantly male population: prospective cohort analysis. BMJ 2010; 340: b5465.
29. Khachaturian AS, Zandi PP, Lyketsos CG, Hayden KM, Skoog I, Norton MC, Tschanz JT, Mayer LS, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Breitner JC. Antihypertensive medication use and incident Alzheimer disease: the Cache County Study. Arch Neurol 2006; 63: 686-692.
30. Ohnishi T, Hoshi H, Nagamachi S, Jinnouchi S, Flores II LG, Futami S, Watanabe K. High-resolution SPECT to assess hippocampal perfusion in neuropsychiatric diseases. J Nucl Med 1995; 36: 1163-1169.
31. Sepe-Monti M, De Carolis A, Bomboi G, Castri P, Giubilei F. MRI evidence of bilateral hippocampal sclerosis in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Eur J Neurol 2006; 13: 1031-1032.
32. Manschot SM, Biessels GJ, Cameron NE, Cotter MA, Kamal A, Kappelle LJ, Gispen WH. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition partially prevents deficits in water maze performance, hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cerebral blood flow in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Brain Res 2003; 966: 274-282.
33. Birmingham MK, Sar M, Stumpf WE. Localization of aldosterone and corticosterone in the central nervous system, assessed by quantitative autoradiography. Neurochem Res 1984; 9: 333-350.
34. Funder J, Myles K. Exclusion of corticosterone from epithelial mineralocorticoid receptors is insufficient for selectivity of aldosterone action: in vivo binding studies. Endocrinology 1996; 137: 5264-5268.
35. Uhr M, Holsboer F, Muller MB. Penetration of endogenous steroid hormones corticos-terone, cortisol, aldosterone and progesterone into the brain is enhanced in mice deficient for both mdr1a and mdr1b P-glycoproteins. J Neuroendocrinol 2002; 14: 753-759.
36. Yau JL, Olsson T, Morris RG, Meaney MJ, Seckl JR. Glucocorticoids, hippocampal corticosteroid receptor gene expression and antidepressant treatment: relationship with spatial learning in young and aged rats. Neuroscience 1995; 66: 571-581.
37. Roland BL, Krozowski ZS, Funder JW. Glucocorticoid receptor, mineralocorticoid receptors, 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 and -2 expression in rat brain and kidney: in situ studies. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1995; 111: R1-R7.
38. Takeda Y, Miyamori I, Inaba S, Furukawa K, Hatakeyama H, Yoneda T, Mabuchi H, Takeda R. Vascular aldosterone in genetically hypertensive rats. Hypertension 1997; 29: 45-48.