Do We Still Need Cities? Evidence on Rates of Innovation from Count Data Models of Metropolitan Statistical Area Patents

American Journal of Economics and Sociology

Volumn 70, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 86-108

  Sedgley, Norman ^a   Elmslie, Bruce ^b  

^a Loyola University in Maryland   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CITY; ECONOMICS; EMPIRICAL RESEARCH; ETHNOLOGY; HEALTH; HISTORY; LEGAL ASPECT; LIFESTYLE; POPULATION DENSITY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUALITY OF LIFE; SOCIOECONOMICS; TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT; UNITED STATES; URBAN POPULATION; URBANIZATION;

CITIES; EMPIRICAL RESEARCH; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; LIFE STYLE; POPULATION DENSITY; QUALITY OF LIFE; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; TRANSPORTATION; UNITED STATES; URBAN HEALTH; URBAN POPULATION; URBANIZATION;

EID: 78650868407     PISSN: 00029246     EISSN: 15367150     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1536-7150.2010.00764.x     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Acs, Z., and D. Audretsch (1989). "Patents as a Measure of Innovative Activity. Kyklos 42(2): 171-181.
2. Aghion, P., and P. Howitt (1992). "A Model of Growth Through Creative Destruction. Econometrica 60(2): 323-351.
3. Aghion, P., and P. Howitt (1998). Endogenous Growth Theory. London: MIT Press.
4. Anas, A., and I. Kim (1996). "General Equilibrium Models of Polycentric Urban Land Use with Endogenous Congestion and Job Agglomeration. Journal of Urban Economics 40: 232-256.
5. Beeson, P. (1987). "Total Factor Productivity Growth and Agglomeration Economies in Manufacturing, 1959-1973. Journal of Regional Science 27(2): 183-199.
6. Bettencourt, Luis M. A., J. Lobo, and D. Strumsky (2007). "Invention in the City: Increasing Returns to Patenting as a Scaling Function of Metropolitan Size. Research Policy 36: 107-120.
7. Caniels, M. (2000). Knowledge Spillovers and Economic Growth. Edward Elgar.
8. Carlino, G., A. Satyajit Chatterjee, and R. Hunt (2007). "Urban Density and the Rate of Innovation. Journal of Urban Economics 61: 389-419.
9. Ciccone, A., and R. Hall (1996). "Productivity and the Density of Economic Activity. American Economic Review 86(1): 54-70.
10. Crosby, M. (2000). "Patents, Innovation and Growth. Economic Record 76: 255-262.
11. Dixit, A., and J. Stiglitz (1977). "Monopolistic Competition and Optimum Product Diversity. American Economic Review 67(3): 297-308.
12. Easterly, W. (2002). The Quest for Growth: Economists' Adventures and Misadventures in the Tropics. Cambridge: MIT Press.
13. Easterly, W., and R. Levine (2001). "It's Not Factor Accumulation: Stylized Facts and Growth Models. World Bank Economic Review 15(2): 177-220.
14. Gasper, J., and E. Glaeser (1998). "Information Technology and the Future of Cities. Journal of Urban Economics 43(1): 136-156.
15. Glaeser, E. (1998). "Are Cities Dying?" Journal of Economic Perspectives 12(2): 139-160.
16. Glaeser, E., H. Kallal, J. Scheinkman, and A. Shleifer (1992). "Growth in Cities. Journal of Political Economy 100(6): 1126-1152.
17. Glaeser, E., J. Scheinkman, and A. Shleifer (1995). "Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Cities. Journal of Monetary Economics 36: 117-143.
18. Greene, W. (1997). Econometric Analysis, 3rd ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
19. Griliches, Z. (1986). "Productivity, R&D and Basic Research at the Firm Level in the 1970s. American Economic Review 76: 141-154.
20. Grossman, G., and E. Helpman (1991). Innovation and Growth in the Global Economy. Cambridge: MIT Press.
21. Grossman, G., and E. Helpman (1994). "Endogenous Innovation in the Theory of Growth. Journal of Economic Perspectives 8: 23-44.
22. Hausman, J., B. Hall, and Z. Griliches (1984). "Econometric Models for Count Data with an Application to the Patents-R&D Relationship. Econometrica 52(4): 909-938.
23. Helliwell, J., and A. Chung (1992). Convergence and Growth Linkages Between North and South. NBER Working Paper No.3948.
24. Jaffe, A. B. (1986). "Technological Opportunity and Spillovers of R&D: Evidence from Firm's Patents, Profits and Market Value. American Economic Review 76(5): 984-1001.
25. Jaffe, A. B., and M. Trajtenberg (2002). Patents, Citations, and Innovations: A Window on the Knowledge Economy. Cambridge: MIT Press.
26. Jaffe, A. B., M. Trajtenberg, and R. Henderson (1993). "Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations. Quarterly Journal of Economics CVIII(3): 577-598.
27. Jones, C. (1995a). "R&D Based Models of Economic Growth. Journal of Political Economy 103: 759-784.
28. Jones, C. (1995b). "Time Series Tests of Endogenous Growth Models. Quarterly Journal of Economics 110: 495-525.
29. Keller, W. (2002). "Geographic Localization of International Technology Diffusion. American Economic Review 92(1): 120-142.
30. Krugman, P. (1991). Geography and Trade. Cambridge: MIT Press.
31. Krugman, P. (1998). "Space: The Final Frontier. Journal of Economic Perspectives 12(2): 161-174.
32. Lewbel, A. (1997). "Constructing Instruments for Regressions with Measurement Error when No Additional Data are Available, with an Application to Patents and R&D. Econometrica 65(5): 1201-1213.
33. Lucas, R. Jr. (1988). "On the Mechanics of Development Planning. Journal of Monetary Economics 22(1): 3-42.
34. Marshall, A. (1920). Principles of Economics. London: Macmillan Publishers.
35. Meliciani, V. (2000). "The Relationship Between R&D, Investment and Patents: A Panel Data Analysis. Applied Economics 32: 1429-1437.
36. Pack, H. (1994). "Endogenous Growth Theory: Intellectual Appeal and Empirical Shortcomings. Journal of Economic Perspectives 8(1): 55-72.
37. Piergiovanni, R., and E. Santarelli (2001). "Patents and the Geographic Localization of R&D Spillovers in French Manufacturing. Regional Studies 35(80): 697-702.
38. Romer, P. (1987). "Growth Based on Increasing Returns Due to Specialization. American Economic Review 77(2): 56-62.
39. Romer, P. (1990). "Endogenous Technological Change. Journal of Political Economy 98: S71-S102.
40. Romer, P. (2002). "Foreward." In Patents, Citations, and Innovations: A Window on the Knowledge Economy. Eds. A. Jaffe and M. Trajtenberg Cambridge: MIT Press.
41. Sedgley, N., and B. Elmslie (2001). "Agglomeration and Congestion in the Economics of Ideas and Technological Change. American Journal of Economics and Sociology 60(1): 101-121.
42. Sedgley, N., and B. Elmslie (2004). "The Geographic Concentration of Knowledge: Scale, Agglomeration and Congestion in Innovation Across U.S. States. International Regional Science Review 27(2): 111-137.
43. Segal, D. (1976). "Are There Returns to Scale in City Size? Review of Economics and Statistics 58(3): 339-350.
44. Segerstrom, P. (1998). "Endogenous Growth Without Scale Effects. American Economic Review 88(5): 1290-1310.
45. Solow, R. (1957). "Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function. Review of Economics and Statistics 39: 312-320.
46. Soroka, L. (1994). "Manufacturing Productivity and City Size in Canada, 1975 and 1985: Does Population Matter?" Urban Studies 31(6): 895-911.
47. Varga, A. (1999). "Time Space Patterns of US Innovation: Stability or Change?" In Innovation, Networks and Localities. Eds. M. Fischer, L. Suarez-Villa, and M. Stiener Berlin: Springer Verlag.
48. Verspagen, B., and W. Schoenmakers (2000). "The Spatial Dimension of Knowledge Spillovers in Europe: Evidence from Firm Patenting Data." MERIT, Maastricht.
49. Verspagen, B., and W. Schoenmakers (2004). "The Spatial Dimension of Patenting by Multinational Firms in Europe. Journal of Economic Geography 4(1): 23-42.
50. Young, A. (1998). "Growth Without Scale Effects. Journal of Political Economy 106(1): 41-63.