On the road again consumptives traveling for health in the American West, 1840-1925

Great Plains Quarterly

Volumn 30, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 271-285

  Abrams, Jeanne ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DENVER   (United States)

Author keywords

Colorado; Medical history; Respiratory diseases; Sanatoriums; Tuberculosis

Indexed keywords

HEALTH CARE; MEDICAL GEOGRAPHY; PSYCHOLOGY; SOCIAL HISTORY; TRANSPORTATION; TUBERCULOSIS;

COLORADO; GREAT PLAINS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 78650653762     PISSN: 02757664     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (71)

1. The Jewish Consumptives' Relief Society. Thirty Years of Saving Lives: The Sanatorium of the Jewish Consumptives' Relief Society, 1904-1934 (Denver: Jewish Consumptives Relief Society, 1935), 7, JCRS Collection, Box 170, Beck Archives, Special Collections, University of Denver.
2. Conevery Bolton Valencius, The Health of the Country: How American Settlers Understood Themselves and Their Land (New York: Basic Books, 2002).
3. Josiah Gregg, The Commerce of the Prairies, ed. Max L. Moorhead (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1967), 3, 105.
4. John Bidwell, A Journey to California, with Observations about the Country Climate and the Route to This Country (San Francisco: J. H. Nash, 1844), 44.
5. John C. Frémont, Report of the Exploring Expedition to the Rocky Mountains in the Year 1842, and to Oregon and North California in the years 1843-44 (Washington, DC: Gates and Seaton, 1845), 49.
6. Catherine Margaret Haun, "A Women's Trip across the Plains", as quoted in Sheila M. Rothman, Living in the Shadow of Death: Tuberculosis and the Social Experience of Illness in American History (New York: Basic Books, 1994), 137.
7. John E. Baur, "The Health Seeker in the Westward Movement", Mississippi Valley Historical Review 46 (June 1959):102.
8. For an account of the details of western stagecoach travel, see Elliot West, "Splendid Misery: Stagecoach Travel in the Far West", American West 18 (1981):61-65.
9. George R. Stewart, "Travelers by 'Overland': Stagecoaching on the Central Route", American West 5 (1968):4.
10. Michael Teller, The Tuberculosis Movement: A Public Health Campaign (New York: Greenwood Press, 1988), 17.
11. Frank B. Rogers, "The Rise and Decline of the Altitude Therapy of Tuberculosis", Bulletin of the History of Medicine 43 (January/February 1969):4.
12. Billy M. Jones, Health Seekers in the Southwest, 1817-1900 (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1967), 200.
13. Jake W. Spidle, "An Army of Tubercular Invalids: New Mexico and the Birth of a Tuberculosis Industry", New Mexico Historical Review 61 (1986):179, 183.
14. Health Committee of the City Club of Denver, Tuberculosis in Denver, 1925, 5.
15. JCRS Patient Records, Boxes 89 and 90, JCRS Records, Beck Archives, Special Collections, University of Denver and the Denver City Directory, 1905 to 1907.
16. Chester Teller, Report on the Problem of Combined Poverty and Tuberculosis among Jews in Denver, CO (New York: National Conference of Jewish Charities, 1916), 46.
17. Mary Briscoe, "Helen Hunt Jackson", Literary Encyclopedia, April 23, 2004, 1, http://wwwlitencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID+5706 (accessed May 26, 2009). Woolsey chronicled the trip in her own account, Susan Coolidge (a.k.a. Sarah Chauncey Woolsey), "A Few Hints on the California Journey", Scribner's Monthly (May 1873), which provides additional details about their excursion.
18. See Gregg Mitman, "Geographies of Hope: Mining the Frontiers of Health in Denver and Beyond, 1870-1965", Osiris 19 (2004):93-111, for how railroads and health seekers intersected in Denver.
19. Rothman, Living in the Shadow of Death, 137.
20. A. G. Macgruder, "Physicians in Colorado for Tuberculosis", Denver Medical Times 28 (October 1908):152.
21. For a detailed look at Spivak's life, see Jeanne E. Abrams, Dr. Charles David Spivak: A Jewish Immigrant and the American Tuberculosis Movement (Boulder: University of Colorado Press, 2009). The author's examination of patients at the JCRS from 1904 to 1906 revealed that as many as 40 percent of the patients settled in Denver after leaving the sanatorium.
22. Spidle, "Army of Tubercular Invalids", 188, 192.
23. Judith DeMark, "Chasing the Cure-A History of Healthseekers to Albuquerque, 1902-1940", Journal of the West 21 (1982):49-52.
24. William A. Edwards and Beatrice Harraden, Two Health-Seekers in Southern California (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1897), 103.
25. William A. Edwards and Beatrice Harraden, Two Health-Seekers in Southern California (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1897), 103.
26. George Frederick Ruxton, Ruxton of the Rockies (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1950), 269. This is a reprint of Ruxton's earlier travel memoir of his 1847 trip to the Rocky Mountains, Adventures in Mexico and the Rocky Mountains.
27. Jones, Health Seekers in the Southwest, 89.
28. Helen Hunt Jackson, Bits of Travel at Home (Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1878), 224.
29. Helen Hunt Jackson, Bits of Travel at Home (Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1878), 226.
30. Briscoe, "Helen Hunt Jackson", 2.
31. Emerson S. Bernard, ed., Isabella Lucy Bird's A Lady's Life in the Rocky Mountains (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 2-4.
32. Emerson S. Bernard, ed., Isabella Lucy Bird's A Lady's Life in the Rocky Mountains (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 61.
33. Jane Apostol, "Margaret Collier Graham: First Lady of the Foothills", Southern California Quarterly 63 (1981):349-50.
34. Jane Apostol, "Margaret Collier Graham: First Lady of the Foothills", Southern California Quarterly 63 (1981):349-50.
35. Letter from Maggie to Mother and Father (July 16, 1876), in We Three Came West: A True Chronicle, ed. Helen Raitt and Mary Collier Wayne (San Diego: Tofua Press, 1974), 10-11.
36. Letter from Maggie to Mother and Father (July 21, 1876), in Raitt and Wayne, We Three Came West, 22.
37. Letter from Jennie to Father and Mother (July 23, 1876), in Raitt and Wayne, We Three Came West, 26-27.
38. Apostol, "Margaret Collier Graham", 362.
39. David M. Wrobel, "Exceptionalism and Globalism: Travel Writings and the Nineteenth-Century West", Historian 68 (2006):441.
40. Robert Louis Stevenson, From Scotland to Silverado, ed. James D. Hart (Cambridge: Belknap Press, 1966), 133.
41. Robert Louis Stevenson, From Scotland to Silverado, ed. James D. Hart (Cambridge: Belknap Press, 1966), 146.
42. Robert Louis Stevenson, From Scotland to Silverado, ed. James D. Hart (Cambridge: Belknap Press, 1966), xvii-xxxvii.
43. Thomas Crawford Galbreath, T. B.: Playing the Lone Game Consumption (New York: Journal of the Outdoor Life Publishing Company, 1915), 52.
44. John E. Baur, The Health Seekers of California (San Marino, CA: Huntington Library, 1959), 67.
45. George Weeks, California Copy (Washington, DC: Washington College Press, 1928), 13.
46. George Weeks, California Copy (Washington, DC: Washington College Press, 1928), 46.
47. George Weeks, California Copy (Washington, DC: Washington College Press, 1928), 81.
48. Emily K. Abel, Suffering in the Land of Sunshine (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2006), 1, 6-7.
49. Emily K. Abel, Suffering in the Land of Sunshine (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2006), xv, 20.
50. Baur, Health Seekers of California, 128-29.
51. Brenda Hood, "'This Worry I Have': Mary Herren Journal", Oregon Historical Quarterly 80 (1979):229-339.
52. Brenda Hood, "'This Worry I Have': Mary Herren Journal", Oregon Historical Quarterly 80 (1979):231.
53. Brenda Hood, "'This Worry I Have': Mary Herren Journal", Oregon Historical Quarterly 80 (1979):235.
54. Brenda Hood, "'This Worry I Have': Mary Herren Journal", Oregon Historical Quarterly 80 (1979):249.
55. Brenda Hood, "'This Worry I Have': Mary Herren Journal", Oregon Historical Quarterly 80 (1979):253.
56. Brenda Hood, "'This Worry I Have': Mary Herren Journal", Oregon Historical Quarterly 80 (1979):254.
57. Galbreath, T. B.: Playing the Lone Game Consumption, 5, 26.
58. Christine R. Wittaker, "Chasing the Cure: Irving Fisher's Experience as a Tuberculosis Patient", Bulletin of Medicine 48 (Fall 1974):403-5, 411.
59. Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper (February 9, 1878).
60. Richard Reinhardt and Robert W. Richmond, "Cut-Rate Enchantment: Chicago to Los Angeles in a Tourist Sleeper", American West 11 (1974):32.
61. Thomas Crawford Galbreath, Chasing the Cure in Colorado (n. p.: Denver, 1907), 11.
62. "Memoirs", Fanny Jaffe Sharlip Collection, 1978. 013, 92-93, Western Jewish History Center, Judah L. Magnes Museum, San Francisco.
63. "Memoirs", Fanny Jaffe Sharlip Collection, 1978. 013, 122-24, Western Jewish History Center, Judah L. Magnes Museum, San Francisco.
64. "Memoirs", Fanny Jaffe Sharlip Collection, 1978. 013, 124-26, Western Jewish History Center, Judah L. Magnes Museum, San Francisco.
65. Godios J. Drolet, Tuberculosis Hospitalization (New York: New York Tuberculosis and Hospital Association, 1926), 1-2.
66. For a study of life at four well-known medical sanatoriums in Colorado, see Jeanne Abrams, Blazing the Tuberculosis Trail: The Religio-Ethnic Role of Four Sanatoria in Early Denver (Denver: Colorado Historical Society, 1991).
67. Galbreath, Chasing the Cure in Colorado, 25.
68. Baur, Health Seekers of Southern California, 170.
69. Robert Shikes, Rocky Mountain Medicine (Boulder, CO: Johnson Publishing Company, 1986), 205.
70. Morris Myers, interview with author, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1992.
71. Beth Azar, "A New Take on Psychoneuroimmunology", Monitor 32 (December 2001):34.