3D microlasers from self-assembled cholesteric liquid-crystal microdroplets

Optics Express

Volumn 18, Issue 26, 2010, Pages 26995-27003

  Humar, M ^a   Musevic I ^a,b  

^a JO EF STEFAN INSTITUTE   (Slovenia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LJUBLJANA   (Slovenia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTERIC LIQUID CRYSTALS; LIQUID CRYSTALS; NEODYMIUM LASERS; PHOTONIC DEVICES; THREE DIMENSIONAL;

CARRIER FLUIDS; DYE MOLECULE; DYE-DOPED; LASER DYES; LASING WAVELENGTH; MICRO DROPLETS; MICRO LASER; OPTICAL MICROCAVITIES; SELF-ASSEMBLED; SOFT-MATTER PHOTONICS;

LIQUIDS;

CHOLESTEROL;

ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; ELECTRONICS; EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; INSTRUMENTATION; LASER; LIQUID CRYSTAL; MICROFLUIDICS; OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION; REFRACTOMETRY;

CHOLESTEROL; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; EQUIPMENT FAILURE ANALYSIS; LASERS; LENSES; LIQUID CRYSTALS; MICROFLUIDICS; MINIATURIZATION; REFRACTOMETRY;

EID: 78650533340     PISSN: None     EISSN: 10944087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/OE.18.026995     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. K. G. Sullivan, and D. G. Hall, "Radiation in spherically symmetric structures," I. The coupled-amplitude equations for vector spherical waves. Phys. Rev. A 50, 2701-2707 (1994).
2. P.G. De Gennes, and J. Prost, The physics of liquid crystals (Oxford University Press, 1993).
3. V. I. Kopp, B. Fan, H. K. M. Vithana, and A. Z. Genack, "Low-threshold lasing at the edge of a photonic stop band in cholesteric liquid crystals," Opt. Lett 23, 1707-1709 (1998). (Pubitemid 128589306)
4. B. Taheri, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray and R. Twieg, "Low threshold lasing in cholesteric liquid crystals," Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst 358, 73-82 (2001). (Pubitemid 32518006)
5. E. Alvarez et al."Mirrorless lasing and energy transfer in cholesteric liquid crystals doped with dyes," Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst 369, 75-82 (2001). (Pubitemid 33762412)
6. S. M. Morris, A. D. Ford, M. N. Pivnenko, and H. J. Coles, "Enhanced emission from liquid-crystal lasers," J. Appl. Phys. 97, 023103 (2004).
7. A. D. Ford, S. M. Morris, and H. J. Coles, "Photonics and lasing in liquid crystals," Mater. Today 9, 36-42 (2006).
8. S. M. Jeong, N. Y. Ha, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, H. Takezoe, S. Nishimura, and G. Suzaki, "Defect mode lasing from a double-layered dye-doped polymeric cholesteric liquid crystal films with a thin rubbed defect layer," Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 261108 (2007). (Pubitemid 47141073)
9. F. Araoka, K.-C. Shin, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, H. Takezoe, Z. Zhu, and T. M. Swager, "How doping a cholesteric liquid crystal with polymeric dye improves an order parameter and makes possible low threshold lasing," J. Appl. Phys. 94, 279-283 (2009).
10. H. Coles, and S. Morris, "Liquid-crystal lasers," Nat. Photonics 4, 676-685 (2010).
11. O. Painter, R. K. Lee, A. Scherer, A. Yariv, J. D. O'Brien, P. D. Dapkus, and I. Kim, "Two-dimensional photonic band-gap defect mode laser," Science 284, 1819-1821 (1999). (Pubitemid 29275617)
12. J. L. Jewell, S. L. McCall, Y. H. Lee, A. Scherer, A. C. Gossard, and J. H. English, "Lasing characteristics of GaAs microresonators," Appl. Phys. Lett. 54, 1400-1402 (1989).
13. F. Treussart, N. Dubreuil, J. C. Knight, V. Sandoghdar, J. Hare, V. Lefcvre-Seguin, J.-M. Raimond, and S. Haroche, "Microlasers based on silica microspheres," Ann. Telecommun. 52, 557-568 (1997). (Pubitemid 127545648)
14. W. Cao, A. Munoz, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, "Lasing in a three-dimensional photonic crstal of the liquid crystal blue phase II," Nat. Mater. 1, 111-113 (2002).
15. M. A. Noginov, G. Zhu, A. M. Belgrave, R. Bakker, V. M. Shalaev, E. E. Narimanov, S. Stout, E. Herz, T. Suteewong, and U. Wiesner, "Demonstration of a spaser-based nanolaser," Nature 460, 1110-1112 (2009).
16. M. T. Hill, Y.-S. Oei, B. Smalbrugge, Y. Zhu, T. de Vries, P. J. van Veldhoven, F.W. M. van Otten, T. J. Eijkemans, J. P. Turkiewicz, H. de Waardt, E. J. Geluk, S.-H. Kwon, Y.-H. Lee, R. Notzel, and M. K. Smit, "Lasing in metallic-coated nanocavities," Nat. Photonics 1, 589-594 (2007).
17. D. Brady, G. Papen, and J. E. Sipe, "Spherical distributed dielectric resonators," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 10, 644-657 (1993).
18. G. N. Burlak, "Optical radiation from coated microsphere with active core," Phys. Lett. A 299, 94-101 (2002).
19. Y. Xu, W. Liang, A. Yariv, J. G. Fleming, and S.-Y. Lin, "Modal analysis of Bragg onion resonators," Opt. Lett. 29, 424-426 (2004).
20. A. Shaw, B. Roycroft, J. Hegarty, D. Labilloy, H. Benisty, C. Weisbuch, T. F. Krauss, C. J. M. Smith, R. Stanley, R. Houdre, and U. Oesterle, "Lasing properties of disk microcavity based on a circular Bragg reflector," Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 3051-3053 (1999). (Pubitemid 129567591)
21. J. Scheuer, W. M. J. Green, G. A. DeRose, and A. Yariv, "InGaAsP annular Bragg lasers: theory, applications and modal properties," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 11, 476-484 (2005). (Pubitemid 40683002)
22. J. Scheuer, W. M. J. Green, G. DeRose, and A. Yariv, "Low-threshold two-dimensional annular Bragg lasers," Opt. Lett. 29, 2641-2643 (2004).
23. A. Tandaechanurat, S. Ishida, K. Aoki, D. Guimard, M. Nomura, S. Iwamoto, and Y. Arakawa, "Demonstration of high-Q (> 8600) three-dimensional photonic crystal nanocavity embedding quantum dots," Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 171115 (2009).
24. I. Gourevich, L. M. Field, Z. Wei, C. Paquet, A. Petukhova, A. Alteheld, E. Kumacheva, J. J. Saarinen, and J. E. Sipe, "Polymer multilayer particles: A route to spherical dielectric resonators," Macromolecules 39, 1449-1454 (2006). (Pubitemid 43319857)
25. J. Bezić, and S. Žumer, "Structures of the cholesteric liquid crystal droplets with parallel surface anchoring," Liq. Cryst. 11, 593-619 (1992).
26. P. S. Drzaic, Liquid Crystal Dispersions (World Scientific, Singapore, 1995).
27. Y. Bouligand, and F. Livolant, "The organization of cholesteric spherulites," J. Phys.-Paris 45, 1899-1923 (1984).
28. D. K. Yang, P. P. Crooker, "Field-induced textures of polymer-dispersed chiral liquid crystal microdroplets," Liq. Cryst. 9, 245-251 (1991).
29. H. -S. Kitzerow, P. P. Crooker, "Behaviour of polymer dispersed cholesteric droplets with negative dielectric anisotropy in electric fields," Liq. Cryst. 11, 561-568 (1982).
30. M. V. Kurik and O. D. Lavrentovich,"Negative-positive monopole transitions in cholesteric liquid crystals," Pis'ma Zh. eksp. teor, Fiz. 35, 445-447 (1992).
31. M. Humar, M. Ravnik, S. Pajk, and I. Muševič, "Electrically tunable liquid crystal optical microresonators," Nat. Photonics 3, 595-600 (2009).
32. M. F. Moreira, I. C. S. Carvalho,W. Cao, C. Bailey, B. Taheri, and P. Palffy-Muhoray, "Cholesteric liquid-crystal laser as an optic fiber-based temperature sensor," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2691-2693 (2004).
33. K. Sonoyama, Y. Takanishi, K. Ishikawa, and H. Takezoe, "Position-sensitive cholesteric liquid crystal dye laser covering a full visible range," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46, 874-876 (2007). (Pubitemid 350085416)
34. A. Munoz F., P. Palffy-Muhoray, and B. Taheri, "Ultraviolet lasing in cholesteric liquid crystals," Opt. Lett. 26, 804-806 (2001). (Pubitemid 33693581)
35. S. Furumi, S. Yokoyama, A. Otomo, and S. Mashiko, "Phototunable photonic bandgap in a chiral liquid crystal laser device," Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 2491-2493 (2004).