A systematic review of crisis interventions used in the emergency department: Recommendations for pediatric care and research

Pediatric Emergency Care

Volumn 26, Issue 12, 2010, Pages 952-962

  Hamm, Michele P ^a   Osmond, Martin ^b   Curran, Janet ^b,c   Scott, Shannon ^d,e   Ali, Samina ^a,d,f   Hartling, Lisa ^a,g   Gokiert, Rebecca ^d,h   Cappelli, Mario ^b   Hnatko, Gary ^a   Newton, Amanda S ^a,d,f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^b CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OF EASTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^c OTTAWA HOSPITAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Canada)

^d The Women's and Children's Health Research Institute   (Canada)

^e Faculty of Nursing   (Australia)

^f STOLLERY CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^g UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^h Faculty of Extension   (Canada)

Author keywords

crisis; mental health services; systematic review

Indexed keywords

CHILD CARE; CRISIS INTERVENTION; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; EMERGENCY WARD; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MENTAL HEALTH; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

EID: 78650491773     PISSN: 07495161     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181fe9211     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. Kirby MJL, Keon WJ. Mental Health, Mental Illness and Addiction: Overview of Policies and Programs in Canada. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Standing Senate Committee on Social Affairs, Science and Technology; 2004.
2. Surgeon General. Report of the Surgeon General's Conference on Children's Mental Health: A national action agenda. Available at: Www.surgeongeneral.gov/ topics/cmh/. Accessed October 15, 2006.
3. Leitch KK. Reaching for the Top: A Report by the Advisor on Healthy Children and Adolescents. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Health Canada; 2007.
4. Baren JM, Mace SE, Hendry PL, et al. Children's mental health emergenciesVpart 1: Challenges in care: Definition of the problem, barriers to care, screening, advocacy, and resources. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2008;24(6):399-408.
5. Sills MR, Bland SD. Summary statistics for pediatric psychiatric visits to US emergency departments, 1993-1999. Pediatrics. 2002; 110(4):e40.
6. Grupp-Phelan J, Harman JS, Kelleher KJ. Trends in mental health and chronic condition visits by children presenting for care at U.S. emergency departments. Public Health Rep. 2007;122(1): 55-61.
7. Newton AS, Ali S, Johnson DW, et al. A 4-year review of pediatric mental health emergencies in Alberta. CJEM. 2009;11(5): 447-454.
8. Cooper JL, Masi R. Unclaimed Children Revisited (Issue Brief No. 1): Child and Youth Emergency Mental Health Care: A National Problem. New York: National Center for Children in Poverty, Columbia University; 2007.
9. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine; American College of Emergency Physicians, Pediatric Emergency Medicine Committee. Pediatric mental health emergencies in the emergency medical services system. Pediatrics. 2006;118(4):1764-1767.
10. Reder S, Quan L. Emergency mental health care for youth in Washington State: Qualitative research addressing hospital emergency departments' identification and referral of youth facing mental health issues. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2004;20(11): 742-748.
11. Baren JM, Mace SE, Hendry PL, et al. Children's mental health emergencies-Part 2: Emergency department evaluation and treatment of children with mental health disorders. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2008;24(7):485-498.
12. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Self-harm: The short-term physical and psychological management and secondary prevention of self-harm in primary and secondary care. Available at: Http://www.nice.org.uk/ nicemedia/pdf/CG016NICEguideline.pdf. Accessed October 25, 2009.
13. The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists: New Zealand Guidelines Group. Coping without self-harm: Treatment guide for young people. Available at: Http://www.nzgg.org.nz/guidelines/0096/Coping-without- Self-Harm-Consumer-CPG-Youth-Pocket-Size.pdf. Accessed October 25, 2009.
14. Goldstein AB, Horwitz SM. Child and adolescent psychiatric emergencies in nonsuicide-specific samples. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2006;22:379-384.
15. Deeks JJ, Dinnes J, D'Amico R, et al. Evaluating non-randomised intervention studies. Health Technol Assess. 2003;7(27):1-5.
16. Downs SH, Black N. The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality of both randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998;52:377-384.
17. Hartling L, Brison RJ, Crumley ET, et al. A systematic review of interventions to prevent childhood farm injuries. Pediatrics. 2004;114(4):e483-e496.
18. Altman DG. Practical Statistics for Medical Research. London, UK: Chapman and Hall; 1991.
19. World Health Organization. International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Available at: Http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en. Accessed November 13, 2009.
20. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV \). 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994.
21. Mahajan P, Thomas R, Rosenberg DR. Evaluation of a child guidance model for visits for mental disorders to an inner-city pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2007;23(4): 212-217.
22. Parker KCH, Roberts N, Williams C, et al. Urgent adolescent psychiatric consultation: From the accident and emergency department to inpatient adolescent psychiatry. J Adolesc. 2003; 26:283-293.
23. Greenfield B, Hechtman L, Tremblay C. Short-term efficacy of interventions by a youth crisis team. Can J Psychiatry. 1995;40: 320-324.
24. Griffey RT, Wittels K, Gilboy N, et al. Use of a computerized forcing function improves performance in ordering restraints. Ann Emerg Med. 2009;53(4):469-476.
25. Vingilis E, Hartford K, Diaz K, et al. Process and outcome evaluation of an emergency department intervention for persons with mental health concerns using a population health approach. Adm Policy Ment Health Ment Health Serv Res. 2007;34:160-171.
26. Clarke DE, Brown AM, Hughes L, et al. Education to improve the triage of mental health patients in general hospital emergency departments. Accid Emerg Nurs. 2006;14:210-218.
27. Damsa C, Hummel C, Sar V, et al. Economic impact of crisis intervention in emergency psychiatry: A naturalistic study. Eur Psychiatry. 2005;20:562-566.
28. Happell B, Summers M, Pinikahana J. The triage of psychiatric patients in the hospital emergency department: A comparison between emergency department nurses and psychiatric nurse consultants. Accid Emerg Nurs. 2002;10:65-71.
29. Happell B, Summers M, Pinikahana J. Measuring the effectiveness of the national Mental Health Triage Scale in an emergency department. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2003;12:288-292.
30. Broadbent M, Jarman H, Berk M. Improving competence in emergency mental health triage. Accid Emerg Nurs. 2002;10:155-162.
31. Smart D, Pollard C, Walpole B. Mental health triage in emergency medicine. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1999;33:57-66.
32. Wood KA. Commitment code revision's effect on psychologists' and psychiatrists' decision to hospitalize. Prof Psychol Res Pract. 1988;19(1):58-62.
33. Spooren D, van Heeringen K, Jannes C. Short-term outcome following referral to a psychiatric emergency service. Crisis. 1997; 18(2):80-85.
34. Warren DW, Jarvis A, LeBlanc L, et al; CTAS National Working Group; Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians; National Emergency Nurses Affiliation; Association des Médecins d'Urgence du Québec; Canadian Paediatric Society; Society of Rural Physicians of Canada. Revisions to the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale paediatric guidelines (PaedCTAS). CJEM. 2008;10(3):224-243.
35. Dorfman DH, Kastner B. The use of restraint for pediatric psychiatric patients in emergency departments. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2004;20(3):151-156.
36. Brinn F. Patients with mental illness: General nurses' attitudes and expectations. Nurs Stand. 2000;27(14):32-36.
37. Sharrock J, Happell B. The role of the psychiatric consultation-liaison nurse in the general hospital. Aust J Adv Nurs. 2000;5(18):34-39.