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1
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85167054583
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Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479
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Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965).
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(1965)
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Griswold1
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2
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85167062668
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California, 274 U.S. 357
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Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927).
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(1927)
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Whitney1
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3
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85167017377
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(remarks, American Enterprise Institute, Washington, DC, July 21)
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Michael B. Mukasey, "Remarks Prepared for Delivery by Attorney General Michael B. Mukasey at the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research" (remarks, American Enterprise Institute, Washington, DC, July 21, 2008).
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(2008)
Remarks Prepared for Delivery by Attorney General Michael B. Mukasey at the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
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Mukasey, M.B.1
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4
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78650442838
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New York Times, July 29, (accessed April 23, 2010)
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Samantha Power, "Our War on Terror," New York Times, July 29, 2007, http://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/29/books/review/Power-t.html?_r=1 (accessed April 23, 2010).
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(2007)
Our War on Terror
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Power, S.1
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5
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78650496999
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The New York Times, August 8, (accessed April 23, 2010)
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Wesley K. Clark and Kal Raustiala, "Why Terrorists Aren't Soldiers," The New York Times, August 8, 2007, http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/08/opinion/08clark.html (accessed April 23, 2010).
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(2007)
Why Terrorists Aren't Soldiers
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-
Clark, K.W.1
Raustiala, K.2
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6
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85167038373
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TheNew York Times, July 22, late edition, sec. 6. 7
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David Rieff, "Policing Terrorism," TheNew York Times, July 22, 2007, late edition, sec. 6. 7.
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(2007)
Policing Terrorism
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Rieff, D.1
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7
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84892105490
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The Brookings Institution, Oct. 21
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Benjamin Wittes and Zaahira Wyne, "The Current Detainee Population of Guantá - namo: An Empirical Study," The Brookings Institution, Oct. 21, 2009, p. 1, http://www.brookings.edu/reports/2008/~/media/Files/rc/reports/2008/1216_detainees_wittes/1216_detainees_wittes_supplement.pdf.
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The Current Detainee Population of Guantá - Namo: An Empirical Study
, pp. 2009
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Wittes, B.1
Wyne, Z.2
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8
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85167068092
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Note
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Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Improving Detainee Policy: Handling Terrorism Detainees within the American Justice System, 110th Cong., 2nd sess., 2008, testimony of Benjamin Wittes.
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-
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9
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85167030526
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Note
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This basic definition is derived from that which is common to most definitions, as there is no accepted single definition of terrorism or terrorists. Bruce Hoffman defines terrorism briefly as "the deliberate creation and exploitation of fear through violence or threat of violence in the pursuit of political change"
-
-
-
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10
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0004095933
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New York: Columbia University Press
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Bruce Hoffman, Inside Terrorism [New York: Columbia University Press, 1998], 43
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(1998)
Inside Terrorism
, pp. 43
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Hoffman, B.1
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11
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85167034607
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Note
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Tamar Meisels defines it as "the intentional random murder of defenseless non-combatants, with the intent of instilling fear of mortal danger amidst a civilian population as a strategy designed to advance political ends"
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-
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12
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33745852264
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The Trouble with Terror: The Apologetics of Terrorism-a Refutation
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Tamar Meisels, "The Trouble with Terror: The Apologetics of Terrorism-a Refutation," Terrorism and Political Violence, 18, no. 3 [2006]: 480
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(2006)
Terrorism and Political Violence
, vol.18
, Issue.3
, pp. 480
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Meisels, T.1
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13
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85166994796
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Note
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Boaz Ganor defines it more simply as "the deliberate use of violence aimed against civilians in order to achieve political ends"
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-
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14
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78650447226
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The Relationship Between International and Localized Terrorism
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Boaz Ganor, "The Relationship Between International and Localized Terrorism," Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs Jerusalem Issue Brief, 4:26 [2005], http://www.jcpa.org/brief/brief004-26.htm
-
(2005)
Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs Jerusalem Issue Brief
, vol.4
, pp. 26
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Ganor, B.1
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15
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85167009243
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Note
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Title 18, Section 2331 of the U.S. Code defines international terrorism as activities that "involve violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that are a violation of criminal laws. appear to be intended-(i) to intimidate or coerce a civilian population; (ii) to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion; or (iii) to affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping; and occur primarily outside the territorial jurisdiction of the United States".
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-
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17
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33745956191
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International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism, Herzlia, Israel, Sept. 24
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Boaz Ganor, "Defining Terrorism: Is One Man's Terrorist Another Man's Freedom Fighter?" International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism, Herzlia, Israel, Sept. 24, 1998, http://www.ict.org.il/ResearchPublications/tabid/64/Articlsid/432/currentpage/1/Default.aspx
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(1998)
Defining Terrorism: Is One Man's Terrorist Another Man's Freedom Fighter?
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Ganor, B.1
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18
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12144291585
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International Terrorism and the World-System
-
Albert J. Bergesen and Omar Lizardo, "International Terrorism and the World-System," Sociological Theory 22 (2004): 50.
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(2004)
Sociological Theory
, vol.22
, pp. 50
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Bergesen, A.J.1
Lizardo, O.2
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19
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77958455986
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Department of Defense, (April)
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Department of Defense, Nuclear Posture Review Report (April 2010), 10, http://www.defense.gov/npr/docs/2010%20Nuclear%20Posture%20Review%20Report.pdf.
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(2010)
Nuclear Posture Review Report
, pp. 10
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-
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20
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85167017816
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Newsweek, April 26, Joint Working Group of the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Nuclear Forensics Role, State of the Art, Program Needs (2008)
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Sharon Begley, "Deterring a 'Dirty Bomb,"' Newsweek, April 26, 2010; Joint Working Group of the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Nuclear Forensics Role, State of the Art, Program Needs (2008), 23, http://www.aps.org/policy/reports/upload/Nuclear-Forensics-Report-FINAL.pdf.
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(2010)
Deterring a 'Dirty Bomb
, pp. 23
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Begley, S.1
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21
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78650423632
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Unmanned Aircraft Systems: The Moral and Legal Case
-
For more see
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For more see Amitai Etzioni, "Unmanned Aircraft Systems: The Moral and Legal Case," Joint Force Quarterly 57, no. 2 (2010): 66-71.
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(2010)
Joint Force Quarterly
, vol.57
, Issue.2
, pp. 66-71
-
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Etzioni, A.1
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24
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78650486243
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Reconstruction: An Agenda
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David Chandler, ed, (New York: Routledge Press)
-
Amitai Etzioni, "Reconstruction: An Agenda," in David Chandler, ed., Statebuilding and Intervention: Policies, Practices and Paradigms (New York: Routledge Press, 2009), 101-21.
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(2009)
Statebuilding and Intervention: Policies, Practices and Paradigms
, pp. 101-121
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Etzioni, A.1
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25
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78650444610
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Administrative Detention of Terrorists: Why Detain, and Detain Whom?
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Matthew Waxman, "Administrative Detention of Terrorists: Why Detain, and Detain Whom?" Journal of National Security Law and Policy 3 (2009): 12-13.
-
(2009)
Journal of National Security Law and Policy
, vol.3
, pp. 12-13
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Waxman, M.1
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26
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2442475252
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Combatants or Criminals? How Washington Should Handle Terrorists
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May/June
-
Ruth Wedgwood and Kenneth Roth, "Combatants or Criminals? How Washington Should Handle Terrorists," Foreign Affairs, May/June 2004, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/59902/ruth-wedgwood-kenneth-roth/combatants-or-criminals-how-washingtonshould-handle-terrorists.
-
(2004)
Foreign Affairs
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Wedgwood, R.1
Roth, K.2
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27
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32944461887
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Ending the War on Terrorism One Terrorist at a Time: A Noncriminal Detention Model for Holding and Releasing Guantanamo Bay Detainees
-
Tung Yin, "Ending the War on Terrorism One Terrorist at a Time: A Noncriminal Detention Model for Holding and Releasing Guantanamo Bay Detainees," Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 29 (2005): 155.
-
(2005)
Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy
, vol.29
, pp. 155
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Yin, T.1
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30
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77950475687
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The New York Times, May 1
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John Schwartz, "Path to Justice, but Bumpy, for Terrorists," The New York Times, May 1, 2009.
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(2009)
Path to Justice, But Bumpy, for Terrorists
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Schwartz, J.1
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31
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42449103109
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Terrorism and the Convergence of Criminal and Military Detention Models
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Robert Chesney and Jack Goldsmith, "Terrorism and the Convergence of Criminal and Military Detention Models," Stanford Law Review 60 (2008): 1081.
-
(2008)
Stanford Law Review
, vol.60
, pp. 1081
-
-
Chesney, R.1
Goldsmith, J.2
-
33
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32944461887
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Ending the War on Terrorism One Terrorist at a Time: A Noncriminal Detention Model for Holding and Releasing Guantanamo Bay Detainees
-
(see note 18 above)
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Yin (see note 18 above).
-
(2005)
Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy
, vol.29
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Yin, T.1
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36
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78650428930
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Quirin to Hamdan: Creating a Hybrid Paradigm for the Detention of Terrorists
-
Amos N. Guiora, "Quirin to Hamdan: Creating a Hybrid Paradigm for the Detention of Terrorists," Florida Journal of International Law 19 (2007): 529.
-
(2007)
Florida Journal of International Law
, vol.19
, pp. 529
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Guiora, A.N.1
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37
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85167046636
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Note
-
One may ask why I hold that this third approach is very unpopular despite the fact that both books received rave reviews, as did my much more limited attempt to deal with this issue in The Financial Times on 22 August 2007. I reached this conclusion by noting that despite the warm welcome to these texts, so far they have been almost completely ignored by policy makers, most legal scholars, and most assuredly by advocates of human and individual rights.
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-
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38
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85167024971
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Note
-
It remains to be worked out what should be considered torture. It can be defined so broadly that it would block most interrogation techniques-for instance, if it encompasses a ban on humiliating the detainees and it leaves up to them to define what is humiliating-or so narrowly that waterboarding and many other cruel measures would be allowed as long as they do not lead to organ failure. It goes without saying that the suggested guidelines' use would be much hampered unless the definition is worked out, presumably somewhere in between these two extremes.
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-
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41
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85167062642
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Terrorism Act 2006, c. 11, x25 (U.K.)
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Terrorism Act 2006, 2006, c. 11, x25 (U.K.).
-
(2006)
-
-
-
42
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85167005241
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For such a discussion see Matthew Waxman's article in the Journal of National Security Law and Policy
-
For such a discussion see Matthew Waxman's article in the Journal of National Security Law and Policy, "Administrative Detention of Terrorists: Why Detain, and Detain Whom?"
-
Administrative Detention of Terrorists: Why Detain, and Detain Whom?
-
-
-
44
-
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53449101698
-
-
(New York: The Penguin Press
-
Benjamin Wittes, Law and the Long War (New York: The Penguin Press, 2008), 11-16.
-
(2008)
Law and The Long War
, pp. 11-16
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Wittes, B.1
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48
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85167057076
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Note
-
Nor can they be tried as soldiers, as much of the evidence is not admissible in military commissions either. On May 15, 2009, President Obama announced his intentions to continue to use military commissions to try suspected terrorists, among other venues. According to his announcement, these commissions will be different from the Bush Administration Commissions. The outline of changes he provided, however, was vague: First, statements that have been obtained from detainees using cruel, inhuman and degrading interrogation methods will no longer be admitted as evidence at trial. Second, the use of hearsay will be limited, so that the burden will no longer be on the party who objects to hearsay to disprove its reliability. Third, the accused will have greater latitude in selecting their counsel. Fourth, basic protections will be provided for those who refuse to testify. And fifth, military commission judges may establish the jurisdiction of their own courts. Office of the Press Secretary, The White House, Statement of President Barack Obama on Military Commissions, May 15, 2009, http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Statement-of-President-Barack-Obama-on-Military-Commissions/ (accessed April 23, 2010).
-
(2009)
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-
-
49
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85167050945
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For more discussion, see Amitai Etzioni's How Patriotic is the Patriot Act? (Routledge)
-
For more discussion, see Amitai Etzioni's How Patriotic is the Patriot Act? (Routledge, 2004).
-
(2004)
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-
-
50
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78650423632
-
Unmanned Aircraft Systems: The Moral and Legal Case
-
For more see
-
For more see Amitai Etzioni, "Unmanned Aircraft Systems: The Moral and Legal Case," Joint Force Quarterly 57, no. 2 (2010): 66-71.
-
(2010)
Joint Force Quarterly
, vol.57
, Issue.2
, pp. 66-71
-
-
Etzioni, A.1
|